| 词条 | Rajouri | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
{{Infobox settlement | name = Rajouri | native_name = | native_name_lang = | other_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = Village | image_skyline = Rajouris2.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = View of old Jhula Bridge at Medina Colony, Rajouri. | pushpin_map = India Jammu and Kashmir#India | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Jammu and Kashmir, India | coordinates = {{coord|33.38|N|74.3|E|display=inline,title|format=dms}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Jammu and Kashmir | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Rajouri | established_title = Settled | established_date = 623 BC | founder = | named_for = | government_type = Municipal Council | governing_body = Rajouri Municipal Council | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 915 | population_total = 41,552 (Including Kheora and Jawahar Nagar), 6,42,415 (in Rajouri district)[1] | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = 185135 | registration_plate = | website = http://rajouri.nic.in/ | footnotes = }} Rajouri or Rajauri ({{IPAc-en|r|ə|ˈ|dʒ|ɔ:|r|i}}) is a city in Rajouri district in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Rajouri is about {{convert|155|km|mi}} from Srinagar and 150 km from Jammu city on the Poonch Highway. Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University is based in the town. Famous Sikh General Banda Singh Bahadur also belonged to Rajouri. HistoryAncient History{{expand section|date=April 2018}}The area of Rajouri principality included proper Rajouri, Thanna Mandi, Bagla Azim Garh, Behrote, Chingus, Darhal, Nagrota and Phalyana, etc. The name of Rajouri was mentioned in the Indian Movie Queen, where Rani told her friends that she was from Rajouri. Modern HistoryIn 1813, Gulab Singh of Jammu captured Rajouri for the Sikh Empire of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, by defeating Raja Agar Ullah Khan.{{sfn|Panikkar, Gulab Singh|1930|p=31}} After this, Rajouri became part of the Sikh Empre. But parts of it were given as jagirs to Rahim Ullah Khan (a half-brother of Agar Ullah Khan) and other parts to Gulab Singh.{{sfn|Panikkar, Gulab Singh|1930|p=40}} Following the First Anglo-Sikh War and the Treaty of Amritsar (1846), all the territories between the Ravi River and the Indus were transferred to Gulab Singh, and he was recognised as an independent Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir. Thus Rajouri became a part of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir.[2] Gulab Singh changed the name of Rajouri to Rampur. He appointed Mian Hathu as Governor of Rajouri, who remained in Rajouri up to 1856.[3] Mian Hathu constructed a stunning temple in between Thanna Nallah in close proximity to Rajouri city. He also built Rajouri Fort at Dhannidhar village.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}} After Mian Hathu, Rajouri was transformed into a tehsil and affiliated with Bhimber district. In 1904, this tehsil was separated from Bhimber and affiliated with the Reasi district.[2] PartitionAfter the Partition of India and the accession of Jammu and Kashmir to India in October 1947, there followed the First Kashmir War between India and Pakistan. The Pakistani raiders, along with the rebels and deserters from the western districts of the state, captured Rajouri on 7 November 1947. The 30,000 Hindus and Sikhs living in Rajouri were reportedly killed, wounded or abducted.[4]{{sfn|V. K. Singh, Leadership in the Indian Army|2005|p=160}}{{sfn|Ramachandran, Empire's First Soldiers|2008|p=171}} Rajouri was recaptured on 12 April 1948 by the 19 Infantry Brigade of the Indian Army under the command of Second Lieutenant Rama Raghoba Rane. Rane, despite being wounded, launched a bold tank assault by conveying the tanks over the Tawi river bed in order to avoid the road blocks along the main road.{{refn|Rama Raghoba Rane received a Param Vir Chakra for his gallantry.}} When the Indian Army entered the town, the captors had fled, having destroyed most of the town and killing all its inhabitants. After the arrival of the Army, some 1,500 refugees that had fled to the hills, including women and children, returned to the town.{{sfn|Sarkar, Outstanding Victories of the Indian Army|2016|pp=37–40}} The ceasefire line at the end of the War ran to the west of the Rajouri-Reasi district. Inside IndiaSoon after the war, the Rajouri and Reasi tehsils were separated. The Rajouri tehsil was merged with the Indian-administered Poonch district to form the Poonch-Rajouri district.[2] The Reasi tehsil was merged with the Udhampur district. On 1 January 1968, the two tehsils were reunited and the resulting district was named the Rajouri district.[2] The Reasi tehsil was also separated out in 2006 into a separate Reasi district. The present Rajouri district comprises the 1947 Rajouri tehsil. Rajouri witnessed some of the toughest fighting during the Second Kashmir War in 1965. Pakistani infiltration in Kashmir during Operation Gibraltar caused Rajouri to be initially captured from the Indian Army by undercover Pakistani commandos with the aid of local Mujahideen. But the wider operation failed and, with all-out war with India looming, Pakistan withdrew its troops. Major Malik Munawar Khan Awan, a Pakistani commando officer who led the attack on Rajouri on the night of 15 September 1965, was later awarded the title "King of Rajouri" by the Government of Pakistan.[5] GeographyRajouri is located at {{Coord|33.38|N|74.3|E|}}.[6] It has an average elevation of 915 metres (3001 feet). ClimateThe climate of Rajouri is somewhat cooler than the other surrounding plains. Summers are short and pleasant. The summer temperature generally does not exceed 41 degrees. Winters are cool and chilly characterized with rainfall due to western disturbances. Snowfall is scanty but may occur in cool months like that of December 2012. Average rainfall is 769 millimetres (26.3 in) in the wettest months.[7] DemographicsAt the 2011 census,[8] Rajouri itself had a population of 37,552 while the population within the municipal limits was 41,552. Males constituted 57% of the population and females 43%. Rajouri had an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 75.5%: male literacy was 83% and female literacy was 68%. 12% of the population was under 6 years of age. The people are mostly Gujjars and Paharis. Muslims make up 55% of the population, Hindus 42% and Sikhs 2.4%.[9]Population
Households
References1. ^http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/624-rajouri.html 2. ^1 2 3 Sudhir S. Bloeria, Militancy in Rajouri and Poonch, South Asia Terrorism Portal, 2001. 3. ^{{citation|last=Bloeria|first=Sudhir S.|title=Pakistan's Insurgency Vs India's Security: Tackling Militancy in Kashmir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-jBuAAAAMAAJ|year=2000|publisher=Manas Publications|isbn=978-81-7049-116-3 |p=37}} 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ZBwNAAAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y|title=Operations in Jammu & Kashmir, 1947-48|last=Prasad|first=Sri Nandan|last2=Pal|first2=Dharm|date=1987-01-01|publisher=History Division, Ministry of Defence, Government of India|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=49-50|language=en}} 5. ^{{cite news |work=Dawn |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1024793/the-20-watt-fountain-of-energy |title=The 20-watt fountain of energy |first=Anjum |last=Niaz |date=21 April 2013}} 6. ^Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Rajouri{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 7. ^=IMD {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315191709/http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/jammu2.htm |date=2012-03-15 }} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/Basic_Data_Sheet.aspx |title=Census of India — Administrative divisions |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2011-09-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113144353/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/Basic_Data_Sheet.aspx |archivedate=2013-11-13 |df= }} Bibliography
1 : Cities and towns in Rajouri district |
||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。