词条 | Egmont (play) |
释义 |
PlotIn Egmont, Goethe relates the fight of Count Egmont (1522–1568) against the despotic Duke of Alba. Egmont is a famous Dutch warrior and the Duke of Alba represents the Spanish invader. Though under threat of arrest, Egmont refuses to run away and give up his ideal of liberty. Imprisoned and abandoned because of the cowardice of his people, and despite the desperate efforts of his mistress Klärchen, he is sentenced to death. Thus, faced with her failure and despair, Klärchen puts an end to her life. The play ends on the hero's last call to fight for independence. His death as a martyr appears as a victory against oppression. Egmont is a political manifesto in which Egmont's craving for justice and national liberty is opposed to the despotic authority of the Duke of Alba. It is also a drama of destiny in which the Flemish nobleman, with fatalism, accepts the dire consequences of his straightforwardness and honesty. QuotationThe phrase "Himmelhoch jauchzend, zu(m) Tode betrübt" (heavenly joy, deadly sorrow) from Klärchen's song in the third act has become a proverb often quoted by European intellectuals as characteristic of the Romantic soul: Langen und bangen in schwebender Pein; Himmelhoch jauchzend, zum Tode betrübt; Glücklich allein ist die Seele, die liebt. Long and fearful in suspended pain; Rejoicing to heaven, grieving to death; Blessed alone is the soul that loves.{{clear|left}} Music{{main|Egmont (Beethoven)}}When in 1809 the Burgtheater asked Ludwig van Beethoven, a great admirer of Goethe, to compose incidental music for a revival of the play, he accepted with enthusiasm. It recalled themes close to his own political preoccupations, already expressed in his opera Leonore (renamed Fidelio in the definitive 1814 version) and in his Coriolan Overture (in 1807). Besides the Overture, he wrote nine pieces of incidental music, of great quality but a little disconnected, culminating with the beautiful Klärchen's Death. Though the other pieces in the incidental music are seldom played, Beethoven's overture to Egmont is a staple of the concert repertoire. It has been used in various modern-day cultural output, a famous United Nations film being one of them. The overture was played at the memorial service commemorating the kidnapping and murders of 11 Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympics.[2] Cultural influencesThe Short Film Palme d'Or-winning Hungarian film Overture, by János Vadász, uses Beethoven's Egmont Overture as the soundtrack for a series of images, featuring a hatching bird, referencing the rebellious nature of Egmont fighting for freedom despite all barriers. The film, nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary (Short Subject) has been described as one of the most influential short films in film history. The reviewer said it was "among the most ingenious pairings of music and image in the history of the festival."[3] Notes1. ^Banham (1998, 431). 2. ^{{cite news| last = Oestreich| first = James R.|authorlink=James R. Oestreich| date = 4 August 1996| title = From Atlanta To Munich Via Egmont| newspaper = The New York Times| issn = 0362-4331| url = https://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/04/arts/from-atlanta-to-munich-via-egmont.html| accessdate = 2011-02-03}} 3. ^http://www.film.com/movies/best-cannes-short-films References
| last = Banham | first = Martin | year = 1995 | title = The Cambridge Guide to Theatre | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | edition = 2nd | chapter = | page = 431 | isbn = 978-0-521-43437-9 | oclc = 31971388 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8qMTPAPFGXUC&pg=PA431 | lccn = 95001011}} External links{{Americana Poster|Egmont}}
6 : Plays by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|1788 plays|Plays set in the 16th century|Plays set in the Netherlands|Cultural depictions of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba|Cultural depictions of William the Silent |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。