“Eismitte”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Eismitte

释义

Sorge pit 1930
Climate
See also
References
External links

{{Location map|Greenland|lat_dir=N|lat_deg=71|lat_min=10|lon_dir=W|lon_deg=39|lon_min=56|width=250|position=top|caption=Location within Greenland|label=Eismitte}}

Eismitte, in English also called Mid-Ice, was the site of an Arctic expedition in the interior of Greenland that took place from July 1930 through August 1931, and claimed the life of noted German scientist Alfred Wegener.

The name "Eismitte" means Ice-Center in German, and the campsite was located {{convert|402|km|mi|sp=us}} from the coast at an estimated altitude of 3,010 meters (9,875 feet). The coldest temperature recorded during the expedition was −64.8 °C (−84.6 °F) on March 20, 1931, while the warmest temperature noted was −1.8 °C (28.8 °F) on July 9, 1931^[1]. For the 12-month period beginning August 1, 1930 and ending August 5, 1931, the warmest month, July, had a mean monthly temperature of −12.2 °C (10 °F), while the coldest month, February, averaged −47.2 °C (−53 °F). Over the same period a total of 110 millimeters (4.33 inches) of water-equivalent precipitation was recorded, with most of it, rather surprisingly, being received in winter. At the latitude of the camp, the sun does not set between May 13 and July 30 each year, and does not rise between November 23 and January 20.

Sorge pit 1930

Ernst Sorge was a member of the Alfred Wegener Expedition to Eismitte in central Greenland from July 1930 to August 1931. He hand-dug a 15 m deep pit adjacent to his beneath-the-surface snow cave, which served as his living quarters during his seven-month-long wintering-over stint. Sorge was the first to systematically and quantitatively study the near-surface snow/firn strata from inside his pit. After meticulous examination of the structural features and careful measurement of continuous density and other physical properties within the pit profile, Sorge determined the characteristics of the individual limits of annual snow accumulation. This research validated the feasibility of measuring the preserved annual snow accumulation cycles, like measuring frozen precipitation in a rain gauge.^[2]

Climate

Eismitte is one of the coldest locations in the Northern Hemisphere, with an annual mean temperature of {{convert|-30.0|C|0}} having been recorded during the period of the expedition.

{{Weather box
|location = Eismitte Station (1 August 1930 to 6 August 1931)
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan record high C = -15
|Feb record high C = -22
|Mar record high C = -15
|Apr record high C = -12
|May record high C = -8
|Jun record high C = -5
|Jul record high C = -2
|Aug record high C = -5
|Sep record high C = -8
|Oct record high C = -13
|Nov record high C = -18
|Dec record high C = -19
|year max C =
|Jan high C = -36
|Feb high C = -41
|Mar high C = -33
|Apr high C = -25
|May high C = -14
|Jun high C = -10
|Jul high C = -7
|Aug high C = -11
|Sep high C = -15
|Oct high C = -30
|Nov high C = -36
|Dec high C = -33
|year high C =
|Jan mean C = -41
|Feb mean C = -47
|Mar mean C = -39
|Apr mean C = -31
|May mean C = -20
|Jun mean C = -16
|Jul mean C = -12
|Aug mean C = -18
|Sep mean C = -21
|Oct mean C = -35
|Nov mean C = -42
|Dec mean C = -38
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = -47
|Feb low C = -53
|Mar low C = -46
|Apr low C = -38
|May low C = -27
|Jun low C = -22
|Jul low C = -17
|Aug low C = -25
|Sep low C = -28
|Oct low C = -41
|Nov low C = -49
|Dec low C = -43
|year low C =
|Jan record low C = -64
|Feb record low C = -64
|Mar record low C = -65
|Apr record low C = -58
|May record low C = -45
|Jun record low C = -30
|Jul record low C = -28
|Aug record low C = -35
|Sep record low C = -38
|Oct record low C = -56
|Nov record low C = -58
|Dec record low C = -56
|year min C =
|Jan precipitation mm= 10
|Feb precipitation mm= 0
|Mar precipitation mm= 0
|Apr precipitation mm= 0
|May precipitation mm= 0
|Jun precipitation mm= 0
|Jul precipitation mm= 0
|Aug precipitation mm= 10
|Sep precipitation mm= 0
|Oct precipitation mm= 10
|Nov precipitation mm= 10
|Dec precipitation mm= 20
|year precipitation mm=
|Jan humidity= 80
|Feb humidity= 77
|Mar humidity= 79
|Apr humidity= 82
|May humidity= 84
|Jun humidity= 81
|Jul humidity= 86
|Aug humidity= 84
|Sep humidity= 84
|Oct humidity= 81
|Nov humidity= 79
|Dec humidity= 78
|year humidity=
|source 1= ^[3]
}}

References

1. ^{{ cite web |author=Georgi, Johannes |title=Hourly meteorological observations at station Eismitte during the Greenland Expedition of Alfred Wegener. |url=https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.604003 |date=Jan 1935 |publisher=PANGAEA}}
2. ^{{ cite web |author=Langway CC Jr. |title=The History of Early Polar Ice Cores |url=http://www.nicl-smo.sr.unh.edu/Langway_2008_Early_polar_ice_cores.pdf |date=Jan 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100627184547/http://nicl-smo.sr.unh.edu/Langway_2008_Early_polar_ice_cores.pdf |archivedate=2010-06-27 |df= }}
3. ^ {{Cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=154340&cityname=Eismitte-Greenland |title=Climate Eismitte, Greenland |publisher= Weatherbase |accessdate=November 16, 2014 }}

External links

Hourly meteorological observations at station Eismitte by Johannes Georgi ({{doi|10.1594/PANGAEA.604003}}).

4 : History of Greenland|1930 in science|1931 in science|Arctic expeditions

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Sorge pit 1930

Climate

See also

References

External links