| 词条 | Rudrama Devi |
| 释义 |
|image = Rudramadevi.jpg | alt = Rudrama Devi |caption = Statue of Rudrama Devi |predecessor = Ganapatideva |successor = Prataparudra |death_date = 1289 or 1295 |death_place = Possibly at Chandupatla (now in Telangana, India) |dynasty = Kakatiya |father = Ganapatideva |spouse = Virabhadra }}Rani Rudrama Devi (died 1289 or 1295), or Rudradeva Maharaja, sometimes spelled Rudramadevi or Rudrama-devi, was a monarch of the Kakatiya dynasty in the Deccan Plateau from 1263 until her death. She was one of the few women to rule as monarch in the Indian subcontinent and promoted a male image in order to do so.[1] Rudrama Devi probably began her rule of the Kakatiya kingdom jointly with her father, Ganapatideva, as his co-regent, from 1261-62. She assumed full sovereignty in 1263.[2] Unlike her Kakatiya predecessors, she chose to recruit as warriors many people who were not aristocratic, granting them rights over land tax revenue in return for their support. This was a significant change and one that was followed by her successor and also by the later Vijayanagara Empire.[3][4] Rudrama Devi faced challenges from the Eastern Ganga dynasty and the Yadavas soon after beginning her rule. She was able to repel the former, who retreated beyond the Godavari River in the late 1270s, and she also defeated the Yadavas, who were forced to cede territory in western Andhra.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} A fragmentary Kannada language inscription also states that the Kakatiya general Bhairava defeated the Yadava army probably in or after 1263 CE, which may be a reference to his repulsion of Mahadeva's invasion. A coin of Mahadeva bears the Kakatiya emblem varaha with the Yadava symbols; this varaha may have been stuck on Mahadeva's coins to mark the Kakatiya victory.[4] She was, however, unsuccessful in dealing with the internal dissent posed by the Kayastha chieftain Ambadeva after he became head of his line in 1273. Ambadeva objected to being subordinate to the Kakatiyas and he gained control of much of southwestern Andhra and what is now Guntur District.[5] Family and successionRudrama Devi married Virabhadra, a member of a minor branch of the Chalukya dynasty, probably in 1240. This was almost certainly a political marriage designed by her father to forge alliances.[6] Virabhadra is virtually undocumented and played no part in her administration. The couple had two daughters.[7] Rudrama Devi may have died in 1289 while fighting Ambadeva, although some sources say she did not die until 1295.{{efn|One ancient inscription discovered in 1994 suggests that Rudrama Devi died in battle at Chandupatla village on 27 November 1289 but more recent reliable sources make no mention of this and some sources claim she died in 1295.[2][8] Two sculpture discovered in 2017 may possibly confirm the 1289 location and date.[9]}} She was succeeded by Prataparudra, a son of one of her daughters, who inherited a kingdom that was smaller than it had been when Rudrama Devi had ascended her throne.[7] In popular cultureFilm maker Gunasekhar made a Telugu film Rudhramadevi on the life of Rudrama Devi with Anushka Shetty, Allu Arjun, Rana Daggubati and Krishnam Raju in the lead roles.[10] See also
ReferencesNotes{{notelist}}Citations1. ^{{cite book |title=Women in Asia: Restoring Women to History |first1=Barbara N. |last1=Ramusack |first2=Sharon L. |last2=Sievers |publisher=Indiana University Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-25321-267-2 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CNi9Jc22OHsC&pg=PA37 |page=37}} {{commons category|Rudrama Devi}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Devi, Rani Rudrama}}2. ^1 {{cite book |title=Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra |first=Cynthia |last=Talbot |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-19513-661-6 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HSfoCwAAQBAJ |page=273}} 3. ^{{cite book |title=Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra |first=Cynthia |last=Talbot |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-19513-661-6 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HSfoCwAAQBAJ |page=158}} 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.459498/2015.459498.A-Comprehensive_djvu.txt|title=Seuna-Kakatiya|last=T. V.|first=Mahalingam|publisher=|year=1957|isbn=|location=|pages=150}} 5. ^{{cite book |title=Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra |first=Cynthia |last=Talbot |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-19513-661-6 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HSfoCwAAQBAJ |pages=133–134}} 6. ^{{cite book |title=Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra |first=Cynthia |last=Talbot |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-19513-661-6 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HSfoCwAAQBAJ |pages=155–156}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite book |title=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History |volume=1 |first=Bonnie G. |last=Smith |publisher=Oxford University Press, USA |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-19514-890-9 |page=612 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=EFI7tr9XK6EC&pg=RA1-PA612}} 8. ^{{cite news |work=The Hindu |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/govt-urged-to-observe-death-anniversary-of-rani-rudrama-devi/article6618762.ece |title=Govt urged to observe death anniversary of Rani Rudrama Devi |date=20 November 2014 |first=T. Karnakar |last=Reddy |accessdate=2016-08-18}} 9. ^{{cite news |work=The Hindu |title=Two sculptures of Rani Rudrama Devi shed light on her death |first=K. |last=Venkateshwarlu |date=5 December 2017 |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/two-sculptures-of-rani-rudrama-devi-shed-light-on-her-death/article21268201.ece |accessdate=2018-01-20}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-10-06/news-interviews/34280826_1_anushka-period-film-gunashekar |title=Anushka to do a Tamil-Telugu period film? |publisher=Times of India |date=6 October 2012 |accessdate=24 November 2012}} 12 : Queens regnant|Women in 13th-century warfare|Kakatiya dynasty|Indian women in war|13th-century women rulers|15th-century Indian monarchs|Indian female royalty|1289 deaths|Date of birth unknown|1295 deaths|13th-century Indian women|People from Nellore district |
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