| 词条 | Erasure (artform) |
| 释义 |
Erasure is a form of found poetry or found object art created by erasing words from an existing text in prose or verse and framing the result on the page as a poem.[1] The results can be allowed to stand in situ or they can be arranged into lines and/or stanzas. Here is a nonce example using text from the November 2003 version of the English Wikipedia's Main Page: complete and free we started and are visit experiment you can right now Writers/artists have adopted this form both to achieve a range of cognitive or symbolic effects and to focus on the social or political meanings of erasure. Erasure is a way to give an existing piece of writing a new set of meanings, questions, or suggestions. It lessens the trace of authorship but also draws attention to the original text. As with any allusion, interpretive questions include:
HistoryDoris Cross appears to have been among the earliest to utilize this technique, beginning in 1965 with her "Dictionary Columns" book art.[2] Other examples before 1980 include:
The poetic form gained new political purpose online in 2017.[4] The tradition of concrete poetry and the works of visual artists like d.a. levy have some relationship to this artform. Use in representations of political or social themesGovernment and military secrecyJenny Holzer's Redaction Paintings consists of enlarged, colorized silkscreen "paintings" of declassified and often heavily censored American military and intelligence documents that have recently been made available to the public through the Freedom of Information Act. The works are haunting reminders of the editing or erasure that goes on behind the scenes in the American military/political power system. Documents address counter-terrorism, prisoner abuse, and even the threat of Osama Bin Laden. Some of the documents are almost completely inked out, like Colin Powell's memo on Defense Intelligence Agency reorganization.[5]Anthropologist Michael Powell writes: "While the literal act of redaction attempts to extract information and eradicate meaning, the black marker actually transforms the way we read these documents, sparking curiosity and often stirring skeptical, critical, and even cynical readings. As redacted government documents make their way from government bureaus into the hands of citizens, a peculiar transformation seems to take place, one that seems to create a paranoia within reason."[6] Seven Testimonies (redacted) – Nick Flynn's "Seven Testimonies (redacted)" in The Captain Asks a Show of Hands, is an erasure of the testimonies from prisoners at Abu Ghraib. HolocaustJonathan Safran Foer's 2010 Tree of Codes is a book-length erasure of The Street of Crocodiles by Bruno Schulz. Schulz was killed by an officer of the Gestapo during the Nazi occupation of his hometown Drohobycz, after distributing the bulk of his life's work to gentile friends immediately prior to the occupation. All of these manuscripts have been lost. The Tree of Codes is Safran-Foer's attempt to represent the unrepresentable loss which occurred in the Holocaust by deleting text, rather than by writing another book about the Holocaust as a historical subject or context for a work of fiction.[7] Safran-Foer's approach to the Holocaust as an "unrepresentable subject" recalls the use of negative space in the poetry of Dan Pagis.[8][9]Freedom and SlaveryPoet Laureate Tracy K. Smith has written several erasure poems, including “Declaration" (drawn from the Declaration of Independence) and “The Greatest Personal Privation” (from letters about slaveholding).[10] Other Examples
See also
Notes1. ^{{cite web|url=http://reprints.longform.org/absent-things-as-if-they-are-present|title=Absent Things as if They Are Present|author=Jeannie Vanasco|publisher=The Believer|date=January 2012|via= Longform Reprint}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Erasure Poetry}}{{Poetry-stub}}2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.poetryfoundation.org/harriet/2014/04/who-is-doris-cross|title=Who Is Doris Cross?|last=Xu|first=Lynn|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=Radi Os|last=Johnson|first=Ronald|publisher=Flood Editions|year=1977|isbn=978-0974690247}} 4. ^{{Cite news|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/145396/trump-era-boom-erasure-poetry|title=The Trump-Era Boom in Erasure Poetry|last=Stone|first=Rachel|date=October 23, 2017|work=The New Republic|access-date=}} 5. ^{{cite news|last=Smith|first=Roberta|title=Art in Review, Jenny Holzer|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE0DF1231F93AA35755C0A9609C8B63|accessdate=12 December 2013|newspaper=New York Times|date=June 9, 2006}} 6. ^{{cite journal|last=Powell|first=Michael|title=Blacked Out:Our cultural romance with redacted documents|journal=The Believer|date=June 2010|url=http://www.believermag.com/issues/201006/?read=article_powell}} 7. ^{{cite book|title=Tree of Codes|last=Safran-Foer|first=Jonathan|publisher=Visual Editions|year=2010|isbn=9780956569219}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.poetryinternationalweb.net/pi/site/poem/item/18706|title=WRITTEN IN PENCIL IN THE SEALED RAILWAY-CAR|last=Pagis|first=Dan|accessdate=12 December 2013}} 9. ^{{cite book|title=The Selected Poetry of Dan Pagis|last=Pagis|first=Dan|date=October 22, 1996|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0520205390}} 10. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/10/magazine/tracy-k-smith-believes-america-needs-a-poetry-cure.html|title=Tracy K. Smith, America’s Poet Laureate, Is a Woman With a Mission|last=Franklin|first=Ruth|date=April 10, 2018|work=The New York Times|access-date=}} 11. ^{{cite book|title=Nets|last=Bervis|first=Jen|publisher=Ugly Duckling Press|year=2003|isbn=978-0972768436}} 2 : Genres of poetry|Poetic devices |
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