| 词条 | Adams National Historical Park |
| 释义 |
| name = Adams National Historic Site | nrhp_type = nhs | nrhp_type2 = nhp | image = John Adams birthplace, Quincy, Massachusetts.JPG | caption = John Adams birthplace | location= 135 Adams St., Quincy, Massachusetts | coordinates = {{coord|42|15|23|N|71|0|41|W|display=inline,title}} | locmapin = USA | locmap_relief = 1 | built = 1788 | architect = | architecture = Georgian, Federal | added = October 15, 1966 | area = {{convert|8.5|acre}} (NRHP listing) {{convert|13.82|acre}} ({{convert|9.17|acre}} federal) | designated_nrhp_type = December 9, 1946 | designated_nrhp_type2 = 1998 | visitation_num = 253,656[1] | visitation_year = 2009 | governing_body = National Park Service | website = Adams National Historical Park | refnum = 66000051[2] }} Adams National Historical Park, formerly Adams National Historic Site, in Quincy, Massachusetts, preserves the home of Presidents of the United States John Adams and John Quincy Adams, of U.S. Ambassador to Great Britain, Charles Francis Adams, and of the writers and historians Henry Adams and Brooks Adams. The national historical park's eleven buildings tell the story of five generations of the Adams family (from 1720 to 1927) including Presidents, First Ladies, U.S. Ministers, historians, writers, and family members who supported and contributed to their success. In addition to Peacefield, home to four generations of the Adams family, the park's main historic features include the John Adams Birthplace (October 30, 1735), the nearby John Quincy Adams Birthplace (July 11, 1767), and the Stone Library (built in 1870 to house the books of John Quincy Adams and believed to be the first presidential library), containing more than 14,000 historic volumes in 12 languages. There is an off-site Visitors Center less than a mile (1.6 km) away. Regularly scheduled tours of the houses are offered in season (April 19 to November 10), by guided tour only, using a tourist trolley provided by the Park Service between sites. Access to United First Parish Church, where the Adamses worshipped and are buried, is provided by the congregation for which they ask a small donation. The church is across the street from the Visitors Center. John Adams Birthplace{{main article|John Adams birthplace (Quincy, Massachusetts)}}This house is a National Historic Landmark, the birthplace of John Adams. In 1720 it was purchased by Deacon John Adams, Sr., the father of the future second president. The younger Adams lived here until 1764, when he married Abigail Smith. It is a few feet from the John Quincy Adams Birthplace home, where John and Abigail Adams moved. John Quincy Adams Birthplace{{main article|John Quincy Adams Birthplace}}The house where John and Abigail Adams and their family lived during the time he was working on the Declaration of Independence and the Revolutionary War is also the 1767 birthplace of their son, John Quincy Adams. The younger Adams grew up in the home, and he and his family lived in it for a time later in life. {{clear left}}The Old House at Peacefield{{main article|Peacefield}}The Old House was originally constructed in 1731 for Leonard Vassall, a sugar planter, and was used as his summer house. The house stood empty for some time before it, along with {{convert|75|acre|ha}}, was purchased by Adams on September 23, 1787, for 600 pounds. The Adams family moved in the next year and occupied it until 1927, when it was sold to the Adams Memorial Society. The National Park Service acquired it in 1947, and has been a National Historic Site ever since. {{clear right}}Stone LibraryThe Stone Library, completed in 1870 on the grounds of Peacefield, houses personal papers and over 14,000 books which belonged to John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Charles Francis Adams, Henry Adams, and Brooks Adams. In his will, John Quincy Adams requested that the library be built out of stone so that it would be fireproof. The Library holds John Adams' copy of George Washington's Farewell Address as well as the Mendi Bible, a bible presented to John Quincy Adams in 1841 by the freed Mendi captives who had mutinied on the schooner La Amistad and who Adams had successfully defended before the United States Supreme Court.[3][4] Henry Adams wrote his nine volume The History of the United States of America 1801–1817 in the library. {{clear left}}United First Parish Church{{main article|United First Parish Church, Quincy, Massachusetts}}The church where both Presidents and their First Ladies are entombed in the Adams Crypt has never been administered by the National Park service. It is owned by the active congregation of Unitarian Universalists. In the past ten years, the congregation has used almost $2 million of its own resources to preserve the building. Administrative history
See also
References1. ^{{NPS Visitation}} 2. ^{{NRISref|2009a}} 3. ^Collections - Adams National Historical park 4. ^http://amistad.mysticseaport.org/library/news/nyjc/1841.11.27.mendisdepart.html {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819101248/http://amistad.mysticseaport.org/library/news/nyjc/1841.11.27.mendisdepart.html |date=August 19, 2006 }} 5. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.nps.gov/legal/laws/PV/NatlHistSitesFinal.pdf|publisher = National Park Service|title = Adams National Historic Site|date = 2009-10-17}} Further reading
External links{{commons|Adams National Historic Site}}
10 : Adams National Historical Park|Adams political family residences|National Register of Historic Places in Quincy, Massachusetts|National Historical Parks in Massachusetts|Protected areas established in 1946|Parks in Norfolk County, Massachusetts|Museums in Quincy, Massachusetts|Presidential museums in Massachusetts|Authors' libraries|1946 establishments in Massachusetts |
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