| 词条 | Ezo |
| 释义 |
The same two kanji used to write the word "Ezo" can also be read as Emishi "shrimp barbarians", the name given to the people who the Japanese encountered in these lands. Their descendants are suspected to be the Ainu people.[4] EtymologyEzo is a Japanese word meaning "foreigner" and referred to the Ainu lands to the north, which the Japanese named Ezo-chi.[5] The spelling "Yezo" reflects its pronunciation c. 1600, when Europeans first came in contact with Japan. It is this historical spelling that is reflected in the scientific Latin term yezoensis, as in Fragaria yezoensis and Porphyra yezoensis. However, there are species that use the new spelling such as the Japanese scallop known as hotategai (帆立貝): Mizuhopecten yessoensis. HistoryThe first published description of Ezo in the West was brought to Europe by Isaac Titsingh in 1796. His small library of Japanese books included {{Nihongo|Sangoku Tsūran Zusetsu|三国通覧図説|An Illustrated Description of Three Countries}} by Hayashi Shihei.[6] This book, which was published in Japan in 1785, described the Ezo region and people.[7] In 1832, the Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland supported the posthumous abridged publication of Titsingh's French translation of Sankoku Tsūran Zusetsu.[8] Julius Klaproth was the editor, completing the task which was left incomplete by the death of the book's initial editor, Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat. SubdivisionsEzo was divided into several districts. The first was the Wajinchi, or Japanese Lands, which covered the Japanese settlements on and around the Oshima Peninsula. The rest of Ezo was called the Ezochi, or Ainu Lands. Ezochi was in turn divided into three sections: North Ezochi covered southern Sakhalin; West Ezochi included the northern half of Hokkaido; and East Ezochi included the populous southern Hokkaido and the Kuril Islands.[9] See also
Notes1. ^Batchelor, John. (1902). [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZRwNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA2&dq=yezo+abounding+in+game&hl=en&sa=X&ei=sl1fT9XfOIeF0QGM7OS-Bw&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=yezo%20abounding%20in%20game&f=false Sea-Girt Yezo: Glimpses at Missionary Work in North Japan, pp. 2-8]. 2. ^Harrison, John A., "Notes on the discovery of Ezo", Annals of the Association of American Geographers Vol. 40, No. 3 (Sep., 1950), pp. 254-266 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2561061?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents] 3. ^Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA184&dq= "Ezo"] in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 184. 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Haywood|first1=John|last2=Jotischky|first2=Andrew|last3=McGlynn|first3=Sean|title=Historical Atlas of the Medieval World, AD 600-1492|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YQMUNgAACAAJ|year=1998|publisher=Barnes & Noble|isbn=978-0-7607-1976-3|pages=3.24-}} 5. ^1 Editors: David N. Livingstone and Charles W. J. Withers (1999) "Geography and Enlightenment", University of Chicago Press, page 206 [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=f0K1W_HhGTYC&pg=PA206&lpg=PA206&dq=ezo+meaning&source=bl&ots=6T9yIu1k9a&sig=Pnz68GfMz-OZRXAX6C56xwz5Omc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0uKq_0JrMAhXBxqYKHXYqCIU4ChDoAQg9MAc#v=onepage&q=ezo%20meaning&f=false] 6. ^WorldCat, Sangoku Tsūran Zusetsu; alternate romaji Sankoku Tsūran Zusetsu 7. ^Cullen, Louis M. (2003). {{Google books|ycY_85OInSoC|A History of Japan, 1582-1941: Internal and External Worlds, p. 137.|page=137}} 8. ^Klaproth, Julius. (1832). {{Google books|lsoNAAAAIAAJ|San kokf tsou ran to sets, ou Aperçu général des trois royaumes, pp. 181-255.|page=181}} 9. ^Frey, Christopher J. (2007) {{Google books|GMlgFCTOYIEC|Ainu Schools and Education Policy in Nineteenth-century Hokkaido, Japan p.5|page=5}} References
External links
2 : Hokkaido region|Hokkaido |
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