| 词条 | Felix Bernstein (mathematician) |
| 释义 |
| name = Felix Bernstein | image = Bernstein Felix.jpg | birth_date = {{Birth date|1878|2|24|df=y}} | birth_place = Halle | death_date = {{Death date and age|1956|12|3|1878|2|24|df=y}} | death_place = Zurich | image_size = | alt = | caption = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | residence = | citizenship = | nationality = | fields = | workplaces = | patrons = | education = | alma_mater = University of Göttingen | thesis1_title = Untersuchungen aus der Mengenlehre | thesis1_url = http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/index.php?id=11&PPN=PPN235181684_0061&DMDID=DMDLOG_0015&L=1 | thesis1_year = 1901 | thesis2_title = Über den Klassenkörper eines algebraischen Zahlkörpers | thesis2_year = 1903 | doctoral_advisor = David Hilbert | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = Schröder–Bernstein theorem | influences = | influenced = | awards = | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = | partner = | children = Marianne Bernstein-Wiener[1]{{rp|7r}} | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }} Felix Bernstein (24 February 1878 in Halle, Germany – 3 December 1956 in Zürich, Switzerland), was a German Jewish mathematician known for proving in 1896 the Schröder–Bernstein theorem, a central result in set theory,[1]{{rp|5–6}}[3][1][2] and less well known for demonstrating in 1924 the correct blood group inheritance pattern of multiple alleles at one locus through statistical analysis. LifeFelix Bernstein was born in 1878 to a Jewish family of academics.[3] His father Julius held the Chair of Physiology at the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, and was the Director of the Physiological Institute at the University of Halle. While still in gymnasium in Halle, Bernstein heard the university seminar of Georg Cantor, who was a friend of Bernstein's father.[1]{{rp|5r}} From 1896 to 1900, Bernstein studied in Munich, Halle, Berlin and Göttingen.[4]{{rp|166}} In the early Weimar Republic, Bernstein temporarily was Göttingen vice-chairman of the German Democratic Party.[5]{{rp|7}}[6]{{rp|118}}[7] In 1933,[8] after Hitler's rise to power, Bernstein was deprived from his chair, per §6 of the Nazi Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, often used against politically unpopular persons. He received the message of his dismissal during a research/lecturing journey (started on Dec. 1st, 1932) to the United States, and he stayed there.[4]{{rp|166}}[5]{{rp|7–8}}[7] In 1948, Bernstein retired from teaching in the USA, and returned to Europe.[9] He mainly lived in Rome and Freiburg, occasionally visiting Göttingen,[4]{{rp|166}} where he became professor emeritus.[9] He died of cancer{{citation needed|date=February 2015}} in Zurich on 3 December 1956.[10]{{rp|6r}}[9] Publications
Notes1. ^{{DSB|first=Henry|last=Nathan|title=Bernstein, Felix|volume=2|pages=58–59}} 2. ^In 1897 (aged 19), according to {{cite book | author=Oliver Deiser | contribution=Zeittafel zur frühen Mengenlehre | title=Einführung in die Mengenlehre — Die Mengenlehre Georg Cantors und ihre Axiomatisierung durch Ernst Zermelo | location=Heidelberg | publisher=Springer | edition=3rd | contribution-url=https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bbm%3A978-3-642-01445-1%2F1.pdf | isbn=978-3-540-20401-5 | year=2010 }} 3. ^"Felix Bernstein". International Statistical Review (2005), 73: 1. 3-7. 4. ^1 2 {{cite journal | author=Max Pinl | title=Kollegen in einer dunklen Zeit (2) | journal=Jahresbericht der Deutschen Mathematiker-Vereinigung | volume=72 | pages=165–189 | url=http://www.digizeitschriften.de/download/PPN37721857X_0072/log14.pdf | year=1970 }} 5. ^1 {{cite book | author=Norbert Schappacher | contribution=Das Mathematische Institut der Universität Göttingen 1929—1950 | pages=345–373 | contribution-url=http://www-irma.u-strasbg.fr/~schappa/NSch/Publications_files/GoeNS.pdf | editors=Becker, Dahms, Wegeler | title=Die Universität Göttingen unter dem Nationalsozialismus | location=München | publisher=K.G.Saur | year=1987 }} — Schappacher gives a lot of details from the Göttingen University archive. 6. ^{{cite thesis | type=Ph.D. thesis | author=Barbara Marshall | title=The Political Development of German University Towns in the Weimar Republic: Göttingen and Münster 1918—1930 | institution=Univ. of London | month= | year=1972 }} 7. ^1 {{cite report |author1=Steffi Laemmle |author2=Willy Tiabou |author3=Christoph Bichlmeier | title=Seminar für überfachliche Grundlagen: Mathematiker in der NS-Zeit | contribution=Verfolgte Mathematiker (Persecuted Mathematicians) | institution=TU Munich | type=Term Paper | contributionurl=http://www5.in.tum.de/lehre/seminare/math_nszeit/SS03/vortraege/verfolgt | date=May 2003 }} 8. ^In 1934, according to O'Connor, Robertson (MacTutor). 9. ^1 2 3 {{MacTutor Biography|id=Bernstein_Felix}} 10. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal | last1 = Crow | first1 = J. F. | title = Felix Bernstein and the first human marker locus | journal = Genetics | volume = 133 | issue = 1 | pages = 4–7 | year = 1993 | pmid = 8417988 | pmc = 1205297}} References{{Reflist}}External links
9 : 1878 births|1956 deaths|19th-century mathematicians|20th-century German mathematicians|People from Halle (Saale)|People from the Province of Saxony|German Jews|Set theorists|University of Göttingen alumni |
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