“The State (Larry Niven)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

"The State" is a fictional totalitarian world government in a future history that forms the back-story of three of Larry Niven's novels: A World Out of Time (1976), The Integral Trees (1984), and The Smoke Ring (1987). It is also the setting of two short stories, "Rammer" (which became the first chapter of A World Out of Time) and "The Kiteman" (printed in N-Space) as well as a stalled fourth novel, The Ghost Ships. After several years in development, Niven announced that The Ghost Ships would never be made, and wrote The Ringworld Throne instead.^[1] The novel would have focused on a race of self-aware natural Bussard ramjets birthed in the supernova that created Levoy's Star and were returning to their place of birth to mate.^[2] According to Playgrounds of the Mind, Kendy and the kite-fliers from "The Kiteman" would have returned also.^[3]

Bibliography

Overview

Most information regarding the State comes from A World Out of Time, including a brief overview of its formation in the aftermath of a "global brush war". The precise timeframe the State occupies is not defined. In A World Out of Time, the State exists as of 2190; Kendy notes that the State was established 455 years before Discipline reached the Smoke Ring (which itself was 512 years before The Integral Trees, 532 years before The Smoke Ring, and 580 years before "The Kiteman"). It rules over an extremely crowded world, in which privacy is no longer a concept. Religion (or at any rate Christianity) is apparently no longer in practice, as a corpsicle on the Discipline is noted as having to explain to others what a Christmas wreath is. A comment from Kendy in The Smoke Ring indicates that the State abolished capitalism when it was established. In The Smoke Ring Kendy also states that as of the time when Discipline left Earth, the State had colonized all ten planets of the solar system, thirty moons, and hundreds of asteroids, with twenty-eight extrasolar worlds in the process of terraforming. According to Niven, The Ghost Ships would have revealed that the State had split into two factions, the Inner State based in the Solar system and the Outer State based on the extrasolar colony worlds, which would have featured in the novel.^[2] This is also implied by a graphic presentation in A World Out Of Time, which the protagonist interprets as showing a distinction between "people, like us" (the Inner State) and "not people, not like us" (the colonies).

The State has technologies of fusion-assisted interstellar spaceflight and technologies which enable personalities to be transferred chemically from one body to another. It may transfer personalities extracted from medically unsalvageable bodies of "corpsicles" frozen in the past to mindwiped criminals to use them as agents in circumstances where their free-thinking skills can still be useful to the State, such as in piloting ramships to other stars. The State has also perfected the storage of human personalities within AI systems, and can install copies of the personalities of "checkers" loyal to the State into the ramships' control computers, in order to keep a watch on potentially disloyal revived corpsicles.

The temporal dilation of the novel permits the protagonist of A World Out of Time a view of the State in several widely spaced time periods, over three million years. He describes it to his AI minder as a hydraulic empire, accounting for its very long life and stability. He claims that hydraulic empires only fall to barbarians from outside - but there is nothing "outside" of the State, which encompasses all of human civilization. It is eventually revealed that the State created its own "barbarians" by establishing colonies in other systems.

References

1. ^¹ Larry Niven, Larry's Letters, 16 March 2003
2. ^¹ Larry Niven, [https://web.archive.org/web/20080521095106/http://www.larryniven.org/chatlogs/iuniversechat.shtml Iuniverse Chat], 29 May 2000, Kelly Milner
3. ^¹Playgrounds of the Mind, pp. 693-94, Larry Niven
4. ^ Worlds Without End, [https://www.worldswithoutend.com/novel.asp?ID=803 A World Out of Time]
5. ^ Worlds Without End, [https://www.worldswithoutend.com/novel.asp?ID=211 The Integral Trees]
6. ^ Worlds Without End, [https://www.worldswithoutend.com/novel.asp?id=1698 The Smoke Ring]
7. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_year_index.asp?year=1977 | title = 1977 Award Winners & Nominees| work = Worlds Without End| accessdate=2009-07-20}}
8. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.worldswithoutend.com/books_year_index.asp?year=1985 | title = 1985 Award Winners & Nominees| work = Worlds Without End| accessdate=2009-07-20}}