“Thunder Bay Transit”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Thunder Bay Transit is the public transit operator in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. It was formed in 1970, after the amalgamation of the cities of Port Arthur and Fort William and their respective transit agencies.^[8] Thunder Bay Transit is a member of the Canadian Urban Transit Association.

Thunder Bay Transit operates 17 transit routes in the urban area of Thunder Bay and neighbouring Fort William First Nation,^[1]^[2] an area of {{convert|256|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}}.^[9] Its fleet of 49 buses run on diesel and biodiesel fuels.^[7] Thunder Bay Transit carries 3,300,000 passengers annually, or approximately 9,000 passengers daily, and employs 140 people.^[6]^[10] The company maintains two transit terminals, one at 40 North Water Street in Port Arthur, and the other at City Hall at 500 Donald Street East in Fort William.

Thunder Bay Transit is the first transit agency in Ontario to be 100% handicapped accessible,^[10] and the first Canadian transit agency to use the NextBus system with passenger counters, fare box integrations and passenger

History

Public transit in Thunder Bay was first established in 1892. The silver boom had recently ended, destroying Port Arthur's primary economic raison d'être. Compounding the matter was the Canadian Pacific Railway's decision to build its grain elevators and rail yards in neighbouring Fort William, {{convert|6|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} away. With businesses and population vanishing, Port Arthur decided after much debate to build a street car line to connect the town with the rail yards in neighbouring Fort William, much to that town's chagrin.^[12]

In 1891, the town of Port Arthur was authorized to construct and operate the first municipally owned street railway in Canada. The Port Arthur Street Railway (PASRy) commenced operations in March 1892, and in that same year, McDonald and Company commenced operations of a private street railway in neighbouring Fort William, which connected the Port Arthur Street Railway's southern terminus at Fort William's northern town limits into the downtown core of Fort William.^[8] Although Fort William wanted nothing to do with Port Arthur's municipal railway, PASRy gained control of the McDonald and Company line on June 1, 1893, and extended its operations into the town.^[12]^[13]

In 1907, Port Arthur and Fort William became cities. The Ontario Railway and Municipal Board forced Port Arthur to sell its section of the railway in Fort William to that city on March 11, 1908, and to submit to operation by a joint commission until December 1, 1913, under the name Port Arthur and Fort William Railway. Thereafter, each city ran its own street railway—Port Arthur assumed the name Port Arthur Civic Railway in 1914, and Fort William assumed the name Fort William Street Railway.^[8] Port Arthur added two belt lines to its main line in 1913, with the first street cars running on the North Belt Line October 29, 1913.

The Port Arthur Public Utilities Commission which ran the street railway acquired its first 36-passenger bus (painted maroon and cream) in August 1946 manufactured at the Canadian Car and Foundry plant in Fort William. It immediately phased out the Arthur Street railway line, and renamed its system as Port Arthur Transit..^[14] Gasoline-powered buses were introduced in December 1946 to serve the intercity route. Electric trolley buses were introduced on December 15, 1947,^[15] the same year that the Fort William Street Railway was renamed the Fort William Transit Company. The trolley buses were manufactured by J. G. Brill and Company at the Canadian Car and Foundry plant in Fort William. The Intercity trolley coach line of each city's system opened in 1947 and was interlined, with operators' coaches serving the entire line in both cities until 1955.

Street railway operations ended in Thunder Bay in 1948. Port Arthur's last three antiquated cars made their final run over the North Belt Line on February 16, 1948 in a driving snowstorm, and Fort William's street cars ceased operations on October 16, 1948. Since January 1, 1970, when Port Arthur and Fort William were amalgamated into the City of Thunder Bay, the system has been known as Thunder Bay Transit.^[8] Electric trolley buses were discontinued on September 10, 1972,^[15] and the city has since used diesel buses.

Thunder Bay Transit purchased its first low floor buses in 1994,^[16] and by March 2007 became the first full-sized transit agency in Ontario to have a fleet that consisted entirely of accessible buses.^[10] Later that year, Thunder Bay Transit became the second Canadian transit agency to implement Grey Island Systems GPS/AVL and NextBus system with passenger counters, fare box integrations and passenger information systems.^[17]

Fares and passes

Thunder Bay Transit fares were last increased on May 1, 2009. Exact cash fare on Thunder Bay Transit is $2.50, and children under the age of eight ride free when accompanied by an adult. Bus tickets can be purchased in groups of 10 for $17.50, and twenty ride punch passes can be purchased for $31.00. Tickets and twenty ride passes are transferable—they can be shared by many people at one time—and twenty ride passes do not expire. A transfer pass can be obtained when boarding with cash, tickets or a twenty ride pass, and allows passengers to change buses up to two times for the price of one fare. Transfer passes have a one-hour time limit and are non-transferable—they can be used only by the person to whom they are issued.

Thunder Bay Transit offers monthly, semester and family/group passes. These passes allow unlimited rides within the time period specified on the face of the card, so that pass holders do not need to use transfers to change buses.

Monthly passes cost $75.00, and discount monthly passes can be purchased for $66.00 by high school students under 18, children between 9 and 12, seniors over 65 and persons with valid disabled ID cards. Family/Group passes can be purchased for $6.00, allow for unlimited trips for two adults and three children, one adult and four children, or two adults. Proof of age is required, and children must be under the age of 18.

Students at Lakehead University and Confederation College receive a U-Pass as part of their tuition, which allows for unlimited trips during the school year for the person to whom the pass is issued.^[18]^[19]

Routes

Thunder Bay Transit operates 17 regular transit routes covering approximately 350 kilometres (220 miles) of city streets.^[6]^[20] Most bus routes are anchored on one of the city's two main terminals, and several routes have buses travelling in only one direction, which can result in unnecessarily long trips between short distances.^[21] Thunder Bay Transit operates two extra routes during rush hour, serving Sir Winston Churchill and Dennis Franklin Cromarty high schools in the Northwood area, and employees of the Bombardier and Abitibi-Bowater plants in the city's southwest end.

Bus frequency

Peak routes run Monday to Friday between 6:00 am and 6:00 pm, and Saturday between 9:00 am and 6:00 pm. Most peak routes have a frequency of 30 minutes between stops. Some busy routes have a frequency of 15 minutes during rushhour. Non-peak routes run Monday to Saturday between 6:00 pm and 12:40 am, Saturday morning between 6:00 am and 9:00 am, all day Sunday and statutory holidays. Most non-peak routes have a frequency of 40 minutes between stops.^[22]

Rural bus service

Thunder Bay Transit resumed service to rural areas within city limits in spring 2008 as part of a pilot project funded by the city's share of provincial gas tax revenue. Ridership on both routes was well below the municipal guideline of 10 passengers per hour of service.^[23]

Service resumed in South Neebing on March 18, after being cancelled in 2004 due to low ridership.^[24] The route operated on Tuesday and Thursday, with two runs in the morning and two runs in the afternoon.^[25] The route averaged 1 passenger per hour of service, and cost $73 per passenger to operate. The trial cost $19,200, and brought in only $400 in revenue, resulting in a net cost of $18,800. Service to South Neebing ended on November 27.^[23]

Service resumed in McIntyre on June 4, after a telephone survey conducted by the city found some demand for transit service in the area, which had bus service in the 1980s and 1990s. The route operated on Wednesday and Saturday, with two runs in the morning and two in the afternoon.^[26] The route averaged 0.5 passengers per hour of service, and cost $148 per passenger to operate. The trial cost $15,600, and brought in only $200 in revenue, resulting in a net cost of $15,400. Service to McIntyre ended on November 29.^[23]

List of bus routes

Interlining

When buses on certain routes arrive at a transit terminal, they will resume travel on different routes. Interlining allows passengers to travel longer distances without having to change buses. Route 1 Mainline does not interline.^[27]

Fleet

Thunder Bay Transit owns a fleet of 49 buses, which consists of 30 Nova Bus LFSs, 8 Orion Bus Industries Orion VIs, 7 New Flyer D40LFs, and 4 Orion Bus Industries Orion VIIs. Three of the buses run on biodiesel,^[7] and all are handicapped accessible low floor models.^[28] Thunder Bay Transit is the first full-sized transit system in Ontario to have a fleet entirely of low floor buses.^[10]

Technology

Since September 2007, Thunder Bay Transit buses have been using the Grey Island Systems GPS/AVL and NextBus real-time passenger information systems, which uses GPS sensors and electronic maps to track bus movement and devices to measure passenger numbers.^[29] The system uses TBayTel's CDMA wireless network to relay information to the transit office and to electronic signs located at major transit stops to let riders know when their bus will arrive.^[30] These electronic signs are located at the Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre, Lakehead University, Confederation College, Intercity Shopping Centre, and Thunder Bay Transit's two downtown transit terminals, with a seventh sign planned for the Westfort neighbourhood in the city's south end.^[17] A test of the system was released on March 17, 2008 and allowed passengers to view arrival times for routes 2 Crosstown, 3 Northwood, 8 James and 9 Junot.^[31]

Accessibility

To accommodate disabled passengers, Thunder Bay Transit buses are wheelchair accessible low-floor models.^[28] Low-floor buses are capable of kneeling to street level and have extending ramps which allow wheelchairs to board safely. Thunder Bay Transit buses had 19,175 rides by persons in wheelchairs in 2006, the most per capita in Ontario.^[10]" Thunder Bay Transit offers a Night Stop service, where buses will allow passengers to disembark at locations between bus stops during night hours due to safety or security concerns.^[32]

Facilities

Thunder Bay Transit operates two bus terminals in the north and south cores of the city. Thunder Bay Transit's head office and bus garage is located at Thunder Bay Transit and Central Maintenance, located at 570 Fort William Road.

City Hall Terminal

Water Street Terminal

Transit Garage

Greyhound Bus Depot

Other transfer points

Other terminals, serving two or more routes, are located at Intercity Shopping Centre, Lakehead University and Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Centre, Confederation College. The intersection of Brown Street and Frederica Street in Westfort is a transfer point for routes 1 Mainline, 2 Crosstown Westfort, 4 Neebing, and 6 Mission.^[34]

See also

References

1. ^¹Statistics Canada. Thunder Bay Urban Area [map], Canada 2006 Census. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
2. ^¹Thunder Bay Transit 4 Neebing–6 Mission Route Schedule [map], 2006. The portion of the route highlighted in yellow serves the Fort William First Nation. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
3. ^[https://www.ucalgary.ca/~wjandrea/msctransit/ Mid-sized City Transit in Canada], Field visits: Case study transit systems - Key facts. Retrieved on October 30, 2007.
4. ^The Canadian Urban Transit Association lists Thunder Bay Transit as a member. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
5. ^1 Mainline; 2 Crosstown; 2 Crosstown-Westfort; 3 Memorial; 3 Airport; 3 County Park; 3 Jumbo Gardens; 3 Northwood; 4 Neebing; 6 Mission Road; 7 Hudson; 8 James; 9 Junot; 11 John; 11 John-Jumbo Gardens; 12 East End; 18 Chippewa Park. 15 AM Extra and 17 PM Extra are rush hour routes.
6. ^¹²The City of Thunder Bay, Fourth Annual Accessibility Plan, (2005–2006) pp. 30–31. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
7. ^¹²"Green Fleet Visits City Hall for Clean Air Day", City of Thunder Bay, June 6, 2007. Retrieved on September 5, 2007.
8. ^¹²³Wyatt, David A. (2005). Transit History of Thunder Bay, Ontario. Retrieved on March 8, 2007.
9. ^[https://www.ucalgary.ca/~wjandrea/msctransit/ Mid-sized City Transit in Canada], Field visits: Case study transit systems - Key facts. Retrieved on October 30, 2007.
10. ^¹²³⁴Transit celebrates anniversary and accessibility milestones", City of Thunder Bay, 28 February 2007. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
11. ^"Another First for Thunder Bay Transit", Netnewsledger, September 13, 2007. Retrieved on September 13, 2007.
12. ^¹Thunder Bay Museum - Electric Street Railway, 1892. Retrieved on October 30, 2007.
13. ^Scollie, F. Brent (1990). The Creation of the Port Arthur Street Railway 1890-95: Canada's First Municipally-owned Street Railway. Thunder Bay Historical Museum Society {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207031852/http://www.thunderbaymuseum.com/publications.htm |date=2012-02-07 }}, Papers and Records, XVIII, pp. 40–58, map.
14. ^Port Arthur News-Chronicle 1 & 13 Aug 1946.
15. ^¹Trolleybuses.net - Port Arthur and Fort William. Retrieved on October 30, 2007.
16. ^Thunder Bay Transit bus roster 2001. The New Flyer Industries D40LF was the first low floor bus model purchased by Thunder Bay Transit, in 1994. Retrieved October 30, 2007.
17. ^¹NextBus Gives Transit Arrival Times to the Minute. yourCity, June–July 2008 edition. Retrieved on June 29, 2007.
18. ^Lakehead University Student Union - U-Pass. Retrieved on October 22, 2007.
19. ^Confederation College U-Pass. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
20. ^Thunder Bay Transit - Main Page. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
21. ^Lee, Damien. "Letter to Thunder Bay Transit (Frederica St Arthur St connection)", Indymedia Thunder Bay, October 2, 2006. Retrieved on July 3, 2007.
22. ^Thunder Bay Transit - Bus schedule and route maps. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
23. ^¹²"City recommends scrapping McIntyre, South Neebing bus routes", TBSource, November 3, 2008. Retrieved on November 4, 2008
24. ^"Slow start for ridership on South Neebing bus route", TBSource, March 18, 2008. Retrieved on March 18, 2008.
25. ^"Council revives transit service to South Neebing", TBSource, March 11, 2008. Retrieved on March 12, 2008.
26. ^"McIntyre area gets trial transit bus service", TBSource, May 13, 2008. Retrieved on May 13, 2008.
27. ^Thunder Bay Transit Route Map {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006001326/http://www.thunderbay.ca/docs/transit/4030.pdf |date=2007-10-06 }} [map], 2006. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
28. ^¹Thunder Bay Transit - Accessibility. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
29. ^"High tech system for city buses", TBSource, September 13, 2007. Retrieved on September 13, 2007.
30. ^"Transit keeps track of buses", The Chronicle-Journal, September 14, 2007. Retrieved on September 14, 2007.
31. ^"New transit arrival boards will keep riders informed", TBSource, April 21, 2008. Retrieved on April 21, 2008.
32. ^The City of Thunder Bay, Fourth Annual Accessibility Plan, (2005–2006) pp. 65. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.
33. ^Greyhound.ca - Thunder Bay bus depot information
34. ^Thunder Bay Transit Route Map {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006001326/http://www.thunderbay.ca/docs/transit/4030.pdf |date=2007-10-06 }} [map], 2006. Retrieved on June 17, 2007.