| 1876 | 1 September | Accession of Abdul Hamid II. | | 23 December | Promulgation of Ottoman constitution Kanûn-ı Esâsî. |
| 1877 | 19 March | Opening of first Ottoman parliament. |
| 24 April | Russian troops enter Ottoman territory. |
| 1878 | 14 February | Ottoman parliament dissolved. |
| 3 March | Russian victory confirmed by Treaty of San Stefano (Ayastefanos). |
| 13 July | Treaty of Berlin replaces Treaty of San Stefano. |
| 1881 | | Mustafa (Kemal Atatürk) born in Salonica (Selanik). |
| 24 May | New border with Greece. Thessaly ceded to Greece. |
| 1888 | | Ali Rıza, Mustafa’s father, dies. |
| 1893 | | Mustafa enters military preparatory school in Salonica. |
| 1897 | Greco-Ottoman War. |
| 1899 | 13 March | Mustafa Kemal enters infantry class of War College in Istanbul. |
| 1902 | 10 February | Commissioned Second Lieutenant, and enters Staff College. |
| 1903 | | Promoted First Lieutenant. |
| 1905 | 11 January | Passes out as Staff Captain and is posted for Fifth Army in Syria; revives a secret opposition group in Damascus. |
| 1906 | | Makes clandestine trip to Salonica. |
| 1907 | 20 June | Promoted Adjutant-Major. |
| 13 October | Posted to Third Army headquarters in Salonica. |
| 1908 | 22 June | Appointed to Inspectorate of Eastern Railways in Rumelia. |
| 24 July | Young Turk Revolution. |
| September | Mustafa Kemal travels to Tripoli and Benghazi to re-establish CUP. |
| 1909 | 13 January | Appointed chief of staff of i7th reserve division in Salonica. |
| 13 April | Travels with his division to the outskirts of Istanbul; 31 March Incident. |
| 27 April | Abdul Hamid II deposed and succeeded by Mehmet V; 31 March Incident. |
| 1910 | September | Visits French army manoeuvres in Picardy. |
| September | Takes part in suppress of Albanian revolt. |
| 1911 | 15 January | Appointed to 5th army corps headquarters. |
| January | Commander 38th infantry regiment. |
| 13 September | Posted to general staff in Istanbul. |
| September | Volunteers for service against the Italians in Cyrenaica. |
| 27 November | Promoted Major. |
| 1912 | 11 March | Appointed commander of Derne sector in Cyrenaica; Italo-Turkish War. |
| 8 October | First Balkan War. |
| 8 October | Salonica falls to the Greeks. |
| 24 October | Mustafa Kemal leaves Cyrenaica and returns to Istanbul. |
| 25 November | Appointed director of operations of Straits Composite Force. |
| 1913 | 23 January | CUP seizes power (1913 Ottoman coup d'état). |
| 24 March | Edirne falls to the Bulgarians. |
| 29 June | Second Balkan War. |
| 21 July | Ottomans reoccupy Edirne. |
| 29 September | Treaty of Istanbul fixes Turkish-Bulgarian frontier. |
| 27 October | Mustafa Kemal appointed military attaché in Sofia. |
| 1914 | 1 March | Mustafa Kemal promoted Lieutenant-Colonel. |
| 28 July | Austria declares war on Serbia; beginning of First World War. |
| 2 August | Ottoman Empire signs Ottoman–German alliance. |
| 29 October | After Pursuit of Goeben and Breslau Ottoman navy under German command shells Russian targets. |
| 2 November | Russia declares war on Ottoman Empire. |
| 5 November | Britain declares war on Ottoman Empire. |
| 5 November | France declares war on Ottoman Empire. |
| 1915 | 20 January | Mustafa Kemal leaves Sofia to take up appointment as commander of 19th division for service in Battle of Gallipoli. |
| 21 March | Allied navy fails to force the straits at Naval operations in the Dardanelles Campaign. |
| 27 April | Allied troops Landing at Anzac Cove faced with Kemal. |
| 6 August | Final attempts made by the British at Battle of Sari Bair faced with Kemal. |
| 1919 | 30 April | Appointed the Inspector of the Ninth Army Troops. |
| 19 May | Kemal lands in Samsun. |
| 8 July | Mustafa Kemal resigns from the post of Inspector of Third Army and from the army. |
| 23 July | Kemal elected Chairman of Erzurum Congress. |
| 1920 | 23 April | Kemal opens the Grand National Assembly (BMM) in Ankara. |
| 11 May | Kemal is condemned to death by the government in Istanbul. |
| 1921 | 5 August | Appointed Commander - in - Chief by the Grand National Assembly. |
| 23 August | The battle of Sakarya begins with Turkish troops led by Mustafa Kemal. |
| 19 September | Kemal receives the rank of Marshal and the title Gazi (veteran, victorious warrior). |
| 1922 | 26 August | Gazi Mustafa Kemal begins to lead Great Offensive from the hill of Kocatepe. |
| 30 August | Mustafa Kemal at the Battle of Dumlupınar. |
| 10 September | Enters Izmir. |
| 1 November | The Grand National Assembly abolish the Sultanate. |
| 1923 | 14 January | Zübeyde Hanım dies in Izmir. |
| 29 January | Mustafa Kemal and Latife Uşşakizade marry in Izmir. |
| 29 October | Proclamation of the Republic of Turkey. |
| 29 October | Elected first president. |
| 1928 | 9 August | Speaks at Sarayburnu about the new Turkish alphabet. |
| 1932 | 12 July | Founds the Turkish Linguistic Society (now the Turkish Language Association). |
| 1934 | 16 June | The Grand National Assembly of Turkey passes a law granting him the surname "ATATÜRK". |
| 1938 | 10 November | Passes away. |