| 词条 | Floriana |
| 释义 |
| name = Floriana | native_name = Il-Furjana/Il-Floriana | native_name_lang = mt | official_name = | other_name = Borgo Vilhena | settlement_type = Local council | image_skyline = Floriana montage.jpg | image_caption = From top: Malta Memorial, St. Publius Parish Church, Porte des Bombes, Christ the King Monument, Valletta Waterfront | image_flag = Flag of Floriana, Malta.png | image_shield = Coat of arms of Floriana, Malta.JPG | etymology = Pietro Paolo Floriani | nickname = | motto = Flores mulcent aurae educat imber | image_map = Floriana in Malta.svg | map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|35|53|36|N|14|30|21|E|type:city_region:MT|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Malta}} | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = South Eastern Region | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Southern Harbour District | established_title = Established | established_date = 1724 | founder = António Manoel de Vilhena | parts_type = Borders | parts_style = para | p1 = Ħamrun, Marsa, Pietà, Valletta | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Davina Sammut Hili | leader_party = PL | unit_pref = Metric | area_total_km2 = 0.94 | area_note = | area_footnotes = | elevation_m = 38 | elevation_footnotes = | population_total = 2205 | population_as_of = March 2014 | population_footnotes = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | population_demonym = Furjaniż (m), Furjaniża (f), Furjaniżi (pl) | timezone1 = CET | utc_offset1 = +1 | timezone1_DST = CEST | utc_offset1_DST = +2 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = FRN | area_code_type = Dialing code | area_code = 356 | iso_code = MT-09 | blank_name_sec1 = Patron saint | blank_info_sec1 = St. Publius | blank1_name_sec1 = Day of festa | blank1_info_sec1 = 22 January | website = {{URL|www.florianalocalcouncil.com}} | footnotes = }} Floriana ({{lang-mt|Il-Furjana}} or Il-Floriana), also known by its title Borgo Vilhena, is a fortified town in the South Eastern Region area of Malta, just outside the capital city Valletta. It has a population of 2,205 as of March 2014.[1] Floriana is the birthplace of many famous Maltese, amongst which the composer of the national anthem, 'L-Innu Malti', Robert Samut; former Bishop of Malta Dun Mauro Caruana, the poets Oliver Friggieri & Maria Grech Ganado, the writer and politician Herbert Ganado and Swedish Idol winner Kevin Borg. EtymologyFloriana is named after Pietro Paolo Floriani, an Italian military engineer who designed the Floriana Lines, the line of fortifications surrounding the town.[2] In Maltese, the town is called Il-Floriana by the local council.[3] However, it is popularly known as Il-Furjana,[4] and the latter is regarded as the official name by the National Council for the Maltese Language.[5] Government sources use both variants.[1][6] The town's original official name was Borgo Vilhena (or Subborgo Vilhena) after Grand Master António Manoel de Vilhena,[2] but the name fell out of use in favour of Floriana or Furjana.[4] The name Borgo Vilhena is now used as a title, just like Valletta has the title Città Umilissima. HistoryThe origins of Floriana go back to 1636, when construction of the Floriana Lines commenced. The line of fortifications was built outside the fortifications of Valletta as an outer defensive line for the capital city. The lines were named after Pietro Paolo Floriani, the Italian military engineer who had designed them. The fortifications were partially defensible by 1640,[7] but construction and modifications continued throughout the 17th and 18th century, being fully completed in the 1720s.[8] The area between the Floriana Lines and the Valletta Land Front began to be built up in 1724, when Grand Master António Manoel de Vilhena founded the suburb Borgo Vilhena.[9] Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:455 height:303 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:6500 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:200 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo BarData= bar:1901 text:1901 bar:1911 text:1911 bar:1921 text:1921 bar:1931 text:1931 bar:1948 text:1948 bar:1957 text:1957 bar:1967 text:1967 bar:1985 text:1985 bar:1995 text:1995 bar:2005 text:2005 bar:2011 text:2011 PlotData= color:barra width:20 align:left bar:1901 from: 0 till:5687 bar:1911 from: 0 till:5811 bar:1921 from: 0 till:5907 bar:1931 from: 0 till:6241 bar:1948 from: 0 till:5074 bar:1957 from: 0 till:5811 bar:1967 from: 0 till:4944 bar:1985 from: 0 till:3327 bar:1995 from: 0 till:2701 bar:2005 from: 0 till:2240 bar:2011 from: 0 till:2014 PlotData= bar:1901 at:5687 fontsize:XS text: 5687 shift:(-8,5) bar:1911 at:5811 fontsize:XS text: 5811 shift:(-8,5) bar:1921 at:5907 fontsize:XS text: 5907 shift:(-8,5) bar:1931 at:6241 fontsize:XS text: 6241 shift:(-8,5) bar:1948 at:5074 fontsize:XS text: 5074 shift:(-8,5) bar:1957 at:5811 fontsize:XS text: 5811 shift:(-8,5) bar:1967 at:4944 fontsize:XS text: 4944 shift:(-8,5) bar:1985 at:3327 fontsize:XS text: 3327 shift:(-8,5) bar:1995 at:2701 fontsize:XS text: 2701 shift:(-8,5) bar:2005 at:2240 fontsize:XS text: 2240 shift:(-8,5) bar:2011 at:2014 fontsize:XS text: 2014 shift:(-8,5) TextData= fontsize:S pos:(20,20) text:Census data SportsThe Assoċjazzjoni Sport Floriana, or Floriana Sports Association, sponsors a number of sports in the town, as well as hosting the Floriana Supporters Club. Sporting clubs include:
The Vikings Sailing Club is also located in Floriana, though it is not associated with the Sports Association. Patron saintSaint Publius is one of the patron saints of Malta and also the patron saint of Floriana. The Archipresbyteral Church of Floriana is dedicated to Saint Publius, traditionally acclaimed as the first Bishop of Malta. According to Maltese folklore, Publius supposedly lived in Malta and at one point received the Apostle Paul after the shipwreck in 60 A.D. ({{bibleverse|Acts of the Apostles|28:1–10}}). Publius is considered as the first Maltese saint and thus the devotion he enjoys among locals. Pope John Paul II spoke at St. Publius Square during his two visits to Malta, and on his second visit he held the beatification of three Maltese:
Main sights
Village Core
GovernmentFloriana is a leading administrative centre, hosting the Ministry and Dept of Education, the Ministry for Resources and Rural Affairs, Police Headquarters and the Public Works Dept, The Licensing and Testing Office, and Land Transport Directorate of Transport Malta, as well as other financial and commercial companies spread around the former Colonial Administrative Area of Belt-is-Sebħ. The National Audit Office along with the Department of Contracts and the Malta Environment and Planning Authority, are located in two ravelins, Notre Dame and St. Francis, respectively. The Floriana Local Council was established in 1993 along with Malta's other local councils to administer the town. It is located at Emmanuel S. Tonna Square. The following people have served as mayor since the post was created in 1994:
Current Councillors that are serving from 2015–19:
Lodging and entertainmentFloriana is home to the Hotel Phoenicia, one of the oldest and most prestigious hotels on Malta, as well as the 5 star luxury Hotel; and the Grand Hotel Excelsior. The annual Isle of MTV music festival has been held in Floriana since 2007.[11] ClimateFloriana features a Mediterranean climate with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters. Floriana experiences a lack of precipitation during the summer months and heavier precipitation during the winter months. Winter temperatures are moderated by the city’s proximity to the sea. As a result, Floriana enjoys mild winters, however windy in some areas. The official climate recording station in Malta is at Luqa Airport, which is a few miles inland from Floriana. Average high temperatures range from around {{convert|16|°C|0|abbr=on}} in January to about {{convert|32|°C|0|abbr=on}} in August, while average low temperatures range from around {{convert|10|°C|0|abbr=on}} in January to {{convert|23|°C|0|abbr=on}} in August. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Csa" (Mediterranean Climate). {{Weather box|location = Luqa, Malta 1981-2010 (Records 1947-2010) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 22.2 |Feb record high C = 26.7 |Mar record high C = 33.5 |Apr record high C = 30.7 |May record high C = 35.3 |Jun record high C = 40.1 |Jul record high C = 42.7 |Aug record high C = 43.8 |Sep record high C = 37.4 |Oct record high C = 34.5 |Nov record high C = 28.2 |Dec record high C = 24.3 |year record high C = 43.8 |Jan high C = 15.6 |Feb high C = 15.6 |Mar high C = 17.3 |Apr high C = 19.8 |May high C = 24.1 |Jun high C = 28.6 |Jul high C = 31.5 |Aug high C = 31.8 |Sep high C = 28.5 |Oct high C = 25.0 |Nov high C = 20.7 |Dec high C = 17.1 |year high C = |Jan mean C = 12.8 |Feb mean C = 12.5 |Mar mean C = 13.9 |Apr mean C = 16.1 |May mean C = 19.8 |Jun mean C = 23.9 |Jul mean C = 26.6 |Aug mean C = 27.2 |Sep mean C = 24.7 |Oct mean C = 21.5 |Nov mean C = 17.7 |Dec mean C = 14.4 |year mean C = |Jan low C = 9.9 |Feb low C = 9.4 |Mar low C = 10.6 |Apr low C = 12.4 |May low C = 15.4 |Jun low C = 19.1 |Jul low C = 21.7 |Aug low C = 22.6 |Sep low C = 20.8 |Oct low C = 18.1 |Nov low C = 14.6 |Dec low C = 11.6 |year low C = |Jan record low C = 1.4 |Feb record low C = 1.7 |Mar record low C = 2.2 |Apr record low C = 4.4 |May record low C = 8.0 |Jun record low C = 12.6 |Jul record low C = 15.5 |Aug record low C = 15.9 |Sep record low C = 13.2 |Oct record low C = 8.0 |Nov record low C = 5.0 |Dec record low C = 3.6 |year record low C = 1.4 |Jan precipitation mm = 98.5 |Feb precipitation mm = 60.1 |Mar precipitation mm = 44.2 |Apr precipitation mm = 20.7 |May precipitation mm = 16.0 |Jun precipitation mm = 4.6 |Jul precipitation mm = 0.3 |Aug precipitation mm = 12.8 |Sep precipitation mm = 58.6 |Oct precipitation mm = 82.9 |Nov precipitation mm = 92.3 |Dec precipitation mm = 109.2 |year precipitation mm = |Jan humidity = 79 |Feb humidity = 79 |Mar humidity = 79 |Apr humidity = 77 |May humidity = 74 |Jun humidity = 71 |Jul humidity = 69 |Aug humidity = 73 |Sep humidity = 77 |Oct humidity = 78 |Nov humidity = 77 |Dec humidity = 79 |year humidity = 76 |Jan sun = 176.7 |Feb sun = 194.3 |Mar sun = 235.6 |Apr sun = 261.0 |May sun = 310.0 |Jun sun = 351.0 |Jul sun = 384.4 |Aug sun = 362.7 |Sep sun = 282.0 |Oct sun = 220.1 |Nov sun = 189.0 |Dec sun = 164.3 |year sun = |source 1 = Meteo Climate (1981-2010 Data),[12] climatetemp.info (Sun Data)[13] |date = July 2017 |source 2 = NSO Malta[14]}} Music
Floriana community services
Zones in Floriana
The Granaries (Pjazza San Publju - il-Fosos)Granaries are pits dug into the ground and covered by circular stone slabs. They were primarily used for the storage of Grain. Granaries can be found throughout Valletta and Floriana. The first granaries were built by the Knights to provide for storage within the fortifications in case of a siege. As the system of storage was reliable and efficient, the British authorities copied in all details the Knights’ granaries. The Granaries proved their worth as they continued to provide grain for the starving population during World War 2. The highest grouping of granaries (a total of 76) is found here. ‘Il-Fosos’ or The Granaries and now officially named Pjazza San Publju, is also one of the largest urban open spaces in Malta and is therefore use for mass gatherings. One important gathering was held in May 1990 during the Pope John Paul II visit to Malta. During the second Papal visit on 9 May 2001, the Pope beatified three Maltese in this square, one of whom was eventually canonised (St Gorg Preca). As Malta is a predominantly Catholic country, this is considered to be an important event in Malta’s history. A third papal visit took place on 18 April 2010 by Pope Benedict XVI. The Isle of MTV summer festival is among other major events held here. Notable people
References1. ^1 {{cite web|title=Estimated Population by Locality 31st March, 2014 |url=https://secure2.gov.mt/localgovernment/file.aspx?f=7810 |publisher=Government of Malta |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621211549/https://secure2.gov.mt/localgovernment/file.aspx?f=7810 |archivedate=21 June 2015 |date=16 May 2014 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 2. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Armstrong|first1=Gary|last2=Mitchell|first2=Jon P.|title=Global and Local Football: Politics and Europeanization on the Fringes of the EU|url=https://books.google.com.mt/books?id=zliK30npLlsC&pg=PA44&dq=false#v=onepage&q=false&f=false|publisher=Routledge|date=2008|page=44|isbn=9781134269198}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Floriana|url=http://lc.gov.mt/Page.aspx?catid=41&pid=184&lid=2|website=lc.gov.mt|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160716114922/http://lc.gov.mt/Page.aspx?catid=41&pid=184&lid=2|archivedate=16 July 2016|language=Maltese}} 4. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Cassar Pullicino|first1=Joseph|title=The Order of St. John in Maltese folk-memory|journal=Scientia|date=October–December 1949|volume=15|issue=4|page=163|url=http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/Scientia%20(Malta)/Scientia.%2015(1949)4(Oct.-Dec.)/01.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417173522/http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/Scientia%20%28Malta%29/Scientia.%2015%281949%294%28Oct.-Dec.%29/01.pdf|archivedate=17 April 2016|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Il-lokalitajiet Maltin|url=http://primarysocialstudies.skola.edu.mt/schoolnet/malti/ismijiet-bliet-u-rhula-decizjonijiet.pdf|website=National Council for the Maltese Language|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602025323/http://primarysocialstudies.skola.edu.mt/schoolnet/malti/ismijiet-bliet-u-rhula-decizjonijiet.pdf|archivedate=2 June 2016|page=2|language=Maltese}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Kumitat għar-Rijabilitazzjoni tal-Belt Valletta u l-Floriana|url=https://testgov.gov.mt/mt/Government/Government%20of%20Malta/Ministries%20and%20Entities/Officially%20Appointed%20Bodies/Pages/Committees/Valletta-and-Floriana-Rehabilitation-Committee.aspx|website=Government of Malta|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160716115218/https://testgov.gov.mt/mt/Government/Government%20of%20Malta/Ministries%20and%20Entities/Officially%20Appointed%20Bodies/Pages/Committees/Valletta-and-Floriana-Rehabilitation-Committee.aspx|archivedate=16 July 2016|language=Maltese}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last1=Adami|first1=Giuseppe|title=FLORIANI, Pietro Paolo|journal=Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani |volume=48|date=1997|url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/pietro-paolo-floriani_(Dizionario-Biografico)/|language=Italian|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305043955/http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/pietro-paolo-floriani_(Dizionario-Biografico)/|archivedate=5 March 2016}} 8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Spiteri|first1=Stephen C.|title=The Development of the Bastion of Provence, Floriana Lines|journal=Arx – Online Journal of Military Architecture and Fortification|date=2004–2007|issue=1–4|pages=24–32|url=http://www.militaryarchitecture.com/Arx/arx1_4_2008.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115113200/http://www.militaryarchitecture.com/Arx/arx1_4_2008.pdf|archivedate=15 November 2015}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Rix|first1=Juliet|title=Malta and Gozo|date=2013|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=9781841624525|page=148|url=https://books.google.com/?id=FzeTVgOkeRQC&pg=PA148#v=onepage&q&f=false}} 10. ^{{cite book|last1=Morana|first1=Martin|title=Bejn Kliem u Storja|date=2011|publisher=Books Distributors Limited|location=Malta|isbn=978-99957-0137-6|url=https://sites.google.com/site/kliemustorja/home/titlu/introduzzjoni/dwar-l-awtur/a/b/c/c/d/e/f|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020104814/https://sites.google.com/site/kliemustorja/home/titlu/introduzzjoni/dwar-l-awtur/a/b/c/c/d/e/f|archivedate=20 October 2016|language=Maltese}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Isle of MTV Malta Special|url=http://www.visitmalta.com/en/event-details/2015-07/isle-of-mtv-malta-special-6543|website=visitMALTA.com|accessdate=6 July 2015}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/listenormale-1981-2010-1-p138.php|title=Luqa Weather Averages 1981-2010|publisher=Meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org|accessdate=2017-07-17}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.malta.climatemps.com/sunlight.php |title=Sunshine & Daylight Hours in Luqa, Malta Sunlight, Cloud & Day length |publisher=Malta.climatemps.com |accessdate=1 June 2015}} 14. ^{{cite web|last1=Galdies|first1=Charles|title=The Climate of Malta: statistics, trends and analysis 1951-2010|url=http://www.nso.gov.mt/statdoc/document_file.aspx?id=3141|publisher=National Statistics Office|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113194812/http://www.nso.gov.mt/statdoc/document_file.aspx?id=3141|archivedate=13 November 2014|location=Floriana|date=2011}}
External links{{Commons category}}
6 : Floriana|Towns in Malta|Local councils of Malta|Mediterranean port cities and towns in Malta|Populated places established in 1724|1724 establishments in Malta |
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