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词条 Fokker 100
释义

  1. Design

  2. Development

     Potential revival 

  3. Operational history

  4. Operators

     Current operators  Airlines  Governments  Former operators 

  5. Accidents and incidents

  6. Specifications

  7. See also

  8. References

     Citations  Bibliography 

  9. External links

{{short description|Regional airliner developed from Fokker F28 produced 1986-1997}}
name =Fokker 100image = File:Alliance Airlines Fokker 100 Bundaberg Vabre-2.jpgcaption = Alliance Airlines Fokker 100

}}{{Infobox Aircraft Type

type =Narrow-body Regional jet airlinermanufacturer =Fokkernational origin = Netherlandsdesigner =first flight =30 November 1986introduced =3 April 1988 with Swissairretired =status = In serviceprimary user = Alliance Airlinesmore users = Virgin Australia Regional Airlines
QantasLink
Iran Aseman Airlines		produced = 1986–1997number built =283unit cost =developed from = Fokker F28variants with their own articles = Fokker 70
}}

The Fokker 100 is a medium-sized, twin-turbofan jet airliner from Fokker, the largest such aircraft built by the company before its bankruptcy in 1996. The type possessed low operational costs and initially had scant competition in the 100-seat short-range regional jet class, contributing to strong sales upon introduction in the late 1980s.

However, an increasing number of similar airliners were brought to market by competitors during the 1990s, leading to a substantial decline in both sales and long-term prospects for the 100. Fokker also encountered financial difficulties and was bought up by Deutsche Aerospace AG, which in turn had financial troubles of its own, restricting its ability to support multiple regional airliner programmes. Accordingly, in 1997, production of the Fokker 100 was terminated after 283 airframes had been delivered.

By July 2017, a total of 113 Fokker 100 aircraft remained in airline service with 25 airlines around the world.[1] Although airlines are currently retiring the aircraft, there are still large numbers in operation in both Australia and Iran.

Design

The F28 Mark 0100 “Fokker 100” is based on the Fokker F28 Mark 4000 re-engineed with two Rolls-Royce RB.183 Tay high by-pass ratio turbofans and a fuselage stretched by {{cvt|18.83|ft}}.

  • Air Niugini (7)
  • Air Panama (5)
  • Alliance Airlines (24)
  • Avanti Air (2)
  • Bek Air (6)
  • Carpatair (3)
  • Helvetic Airways (5)
  • Iran Air (3)
  • Iran Aseman Airlines (7)
  • IRS Airlines (2)
  • Karun Airlines (4)
  • Kish Air (3)
  • Montenegro Airlines (2)
  • QantasLink (Network Aviation) (17)
  • Qeshm Airlines (4)
  • Skippers Aviation (2)
  • Trade Air (2)
  • Transwisata Air (1)
  • Tus Airways (2)
  • Virgin Australia Regional Airlines (14)

Governments

  • Côte d'Ivoire Government (1)
  • French Government (1)
  • Slovak Government (2)
  • Myanmar Air Force (1)

Former operators

  • Aero Mongolia
  • Air Europe
  • Air Express Sweden
  • Air France
  • Air Gabon
  • Air Greece
  • Air Inter
  • Air Littoral
  • Air UK
  • AirQuarius Aviation
  • American Airlines
  • Albatros Airways
  • Austrian Airlines
  • Avianca
  • Avianca Brasil
  • Bangkok Airways
  • Blue Line
  • BMI
  • Brit Air
  • Canadian Airlines (as Canadian Régional)
  • China Eastern Airlines
  • CCM Airlines
  • Contact Air
  • Cosmic Air
  • Croatia Airlines
  • Deutsche BA, DBA
  • Dutch Antilles Express
  • EUjet
  • Flight West Airlines
  • Germania
  • Girjet
  • Intair
  • Inter Airlines
  • Jetsgo
  • KLM Cityhopper
  • KLMuk
  • Korean Air
  • Kostar Airlines
  • Mandarin Airlines
  • Merpati Nusantara Airlines
  • Mexicana
  • Midway Airlines
  • Moldavian Airlines
  • OLT Jetair
  • Palair Macedonian Airlines
  • PGA Portugália Airlines
  • Régional
  • Royal Brunei Airlines
  • Royal Swazi National Airlines
  • SAM
  • Sempati Air
  • Slovak Airlines
  • Sol del Paraguay
  • Swissair
  • TABA
  • TAM Airlines
  • TAM Airlines (Paraguay)
  • Transwede
  • TAT European AirlinesUair
  • Tyrolean Airways (operating under Austrian Arrows brand on behalf of Austrian)
  • US Airways (formerly USAir)
  • Yeongnam Air

Accidents and incidents

  • {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1993|03|05|df=y}}|event= Palair Macedonian Airlines Flight 301, a Fokker 100 (PH-KXL) crashed shortly after takeoff from Skopje Airport on its way to Zurich Airport, killing 83 of 97 passengers and crew on board.[29]}}
  • {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1996|10|31|df=y}}|event= a TAM Airlines Fokker 100 operating flight 402 crashed shortly after takeoff from São Paulo-Congonhas Airport in Brazil, killing 99 people, including everyone on board plus four people on the ground.[30]}}[31]
  • {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1997|07|09|df=y}}|event= a TAM Airlines Fokker 100 registration PT-WHK operating flight 283 en route from São José dos Campos to São Paulo-Congonhas was climbing after takeoff from São José dos Campos when a bomb exploded in the rear part of the passenger cabin. The uncontrolled decompression blew one passenger out of the aircraft. The aircraft made a successful emergency landing in São Paulo, despite the 2m X 1.5m (78" X 60") hole in the fuselage.[32]}}
  • {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|2001|09|15|df=y}}|event= a TAM Airlines Fokker 100 registration PT-MRN operating the charter flight 9755, flying from Recife to Campinas-Viracopos, following an uncontained engine failure en route to Campinas had three cabin windows shattered by fragments of the engine and made an emergency landing at Belo Horizonte-Confins. One passenger was sucked out partly and held by another passenger until the aircraft landed. The passenger did not survive.[33][34]}}
  • {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|2007|01|25|df=y}}|event= Air France Flight 7775 from Pau to Paris crashed shortly after takeoff. All 54 passengers and crew escaped from the aircraft, although one person on the ground was killed .[35] An investigation by the BEA revealed that the cause of the accident was ice on the wings of the aircraft involved.[36]}}
  • 29 June 2007: An Ivorian government Fokker 100 carrying Prime Minister Guillaume Soro, members of his delegation, and 20 journalists was taxiing on the runway at Bouaké Airport when it was targeted by rocket and Kalashnikov fire. One rocket struck and exploded in the cabin, another one missed, and a third bounced off the fuselage and did not detonate. Soro wasn't injured, but four people were killed and ten others wounded.[37] Those who died were Security Chief Drissa Ouattara, the Prime Minister's bodyguard Siaka Diomandé, and Protocole d’Etat members Sékou Doumbia and Souleymane Sérifou.[38] Arrests were subsequently reported.[39]
  • {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|2008|1|3|df=y}}|event= an Iran Air domestic flight from Tehran to Shiraz was heavily damaged when it veered off the runway during its takeoff run. The aircraft suffered substantial fire damage after part of its wing burst into flame, there were no injuries as a result.[40]}}
  • {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|2012|12|25|df=y}}|event= Air Bagan Flight 11 XY-AGC crash-landed through trees which removed the wings 3 km from Heho Airport, killing one on board and one on the ground, and injuring 11.[41]}}
  • {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|2013|2|18|df=y}}|event= Brussels Airport diamond heist A Fokker 100 operated by Helvetic Airways was targeted by eight gunmen who had entered the apron in vehicles disguised as police cars, stealing approximately 50 million US dollars of diamonds and money that was being loaded into the aircraft from an armoured car operated by Brink's before escaping. The heist was completed without a single bullet being fired.}}

Specifications

Fokker 100
Tay 620		 Fokker 100
Tay 650
Cockpit crewTwo
Seating capacity122 (1-class, maximum)
107 (1-class, typical)
97 (2-class, typical)
Seat pitch{{convert|29|in|cm|abbr=on}} (1-class, maximum)
{{convert|32|in|cm|abbr=on}} (1-class, typical)
{{convert|36|in|cm|abbr=on}} & {{convert|32|in|cm|abbr=on}} (2-class, typical)
Length{{convert|35.53|m|ftin}}
Wingspan{{convert|28.08|m|ftin}}
Wing area{{convert|93.5|sqm|sqft}}
Height{{convert|8.50|m|ftin}}
Fuselage diameter{{convert|3.30|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
Cabin width{{convert|3.10|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
Cabin height{{convert|2.01|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
Typical empty weight24375|kg|lb}}24541|kg|lb}}
Maximum take-off weight43090|kg|lb}}45810|kg|lb}}
Maximum payload weight11242|kg|lb}}11993|kg|lb}}
Max. cruising speed845 km/h (525 mph, 456 kn), Mach 0.77
Range fully loaded1323|NM}}1710|NM}}
Take off run at MTOW4988|ft|m}}5319|ft|m}}
Fuel capacity{{convert|13365|L|abbr=on}}
Service ceiling{{convert|35000|ft|abbr=on}}
Powerplants (2x) Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 620-15 Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 650-15
Engine thrust 13,850 lbf (61.6 kN) 15,100 lbf (67.2 kN)
  • Notes: Data are provided for reference only. Tay 620=Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 620-15 and Tay 650=Rolls-Royce Tay Mk 650-15
  • Sources: airliners.net,[42] aer.ita.br[43]

See also

{{aircontent
|see also=
|related=
  • Fokker 70

|similar aircraft=
  • Airbus A220
  • Airbus A318
  • British Aerospace 146
  • Boeing 717
  • Bombardier CRJ1000
  • Embraer E-190/195
  • Fairchild Dornier 728 family
  • Tupolev Tu-334

|lists=
  • List of jet airliners
  • List of civil aircraft

}}

References

Citations

1. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-787-stars-in-annual-airliner-census-439552/|title=World Airliner Census 2017 (Account needed for Download)|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=flightglobal.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=25 May 2018}}
2. ^1 2 -->Its wing is wider by {{cvt|9.8|ft}}, has new flaps and larger ailerons, and extended leading and trailing edges improve aerodynamics and increase the wing chord.The landing gear is strengthened and has new wheels and brakes, and the horizontal stabilizer is widened by {{cvt|4.6|ft}}.Maximum weights are increased while fuel capacity, max speed and ceiling remain the same, passenger capacity went from 85 to 109.The flight deck went digital with a flight management system, an autopilot/flight director including CAT III autoland, thrust management system, electronic flight instrument displays and full ARINC avionics.{{cite web |url= https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/TCDS_EASA.A.037_Fokker_F28_Iss_07_20180903%20FINAL.PDF |title= Type Certificate Data Sheet No. A.037 for Fokker F28 |publisher= EASA |date= 3 September 2018}}
3. ^[https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1992/1992%20-%201335.html "Decisions, Decisions."] Flight International, 2 June 1992. pp. 35, 38.
4. ^Jeziorski, Andrzej. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/dasa-dealt-double-blow-24457/ "DASA dealt double blow."] Flight International, 23 August 1995.
5. ^1 Jeziorski, Andrzej. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/dasa-folds-its-wings-19453/ "DASA folds its wings."] Flight International, 31 January 1996.
6. ^"Fairchild Dornier Gmbh Company Profile, Information, Business Description, History, Background Information on Fairchild Dornier Gmbh." Reference for Business, Retrieved: 5 May 2008.
7. ^1 [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/fokker-services-life-after-death-338835/ "Fokker Services - life after death."] Flight International, 26 February 2010.
8. ^1 "History of Fokker." undinguniverse.com. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
9. ^Sarsfield, Kate. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/back-to-life-nine-civil-types-revived-410656/ "Back to life: nine civil types revived."] Flight International, 27 March 2015.
10. ^1 Kingsley-Jones, Max. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/benelux-special-ng-aircraft-plans-fokker-100-reviva-340428/ "Benelux special: NG Aircraft plans Fokker 100 revival."] Flight International, 12 April 2010.
11. ^Kaminski-Morrow, David. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/fokker-resurrection-scheme-secures-loan-for-prototyp-339155/ "Fokker resurrection scheme secures loan for prototype."] Flight International, 6 March 2010.
12. ^Kaminski-Morrow, David. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/benelux-special-ng-aircraft-plans-fokker-100-reviva-340428/ "Fokker 100 revival team claims interest in retrofit."] Flight International, 10 March 2010.
13. ^Kaminski-Morrow, David. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/brazilian-state-to-partner-on-proposed-fokker-100ng-354445/ "Brazilian state to partner on proposed Fokker 100NG."] Flight International, 17 March 2011.
14. ^1 2 3 Pilling, Mark. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/farnborough-fokker-120-edges-closer-to-go-ahead-401444/ "FARNBOROUGH: Fokker 120 edges closer to go-ahead."] Flight International, 15 July 2014.
15. ^Kaminski-Morrow, David. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/combi-freighter-plan-emerges-for-fokker-100-352758/ "Combi freighter plan emerges for Fokker 100."] Flight International, 4 February 2011.
16. ^O'Keeffe, Niall. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ebace-ageing-regional-jets-tipped-for-important-fut-340957/ "EBACE: Ageing regional jets tipped for important future."] Flight International, 26 April 2011.
17. ^Sarsfield, Kate. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/regional-conversions-are-good-for-business-316592/ "Regional conversions are good for business."] Flight International, 29 September 2008.
18. ^Karnazov, Vladimir. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/russians-introduce-fokker-100-vip-conversion-215472/ "Russians introduce Fokker 100 VIP conversion."] Flight International, 16 July 2007.
19. ^Thisdell, Dan. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/fokker-legacy-lives-on-355353/ "Fokker legacy lives on."] Flight International, 12 April 2011.
20. ^Sobie, Brendan [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-confirms-lease-of-25-717s-to-mexicana-323571/ "Boeing confirms lease of 25 717s to Mexicana."] Flight International, 9 March 2009.
21. ^Francis, Leithen. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/aa09-mandarin-ends-links-with-fokker-331933/ "AA09: Mandarin ends links with Fokker."] Flight International, 7 September 2009.
22. ^[https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/australias-skywest-installs-navigation-system-on-fo-331338/ "Australia's Skywest installs navigation system on Fokker 100s."] Flight International, 21 August 2009.
23. ^1 Stephenson, Beth. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/dgas-new-rafale-testbed-to-be-delivered-by-year-end-413959/ "DGA's new Rafale testbed to be delivered by year-end."] Flight International, 23 June 2015.
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.aerobuzz.fr/spip.php?article4938 |title=DGA Essais en Vol : L'ABE-NG touche au but - AéroBuzz : Actualité et Information Aéronautique |date=30 March 2014 |publisher= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140406142510/http://www.aerobuzz.fr/spip.php?article4938 |archivedate=6 April 2014 |df= }}
25. ^Trimble, Stephen. [https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/austrian-airlines-approves-used-e195-purchase-413064/ "Austrian Airlines approves used E195 purchase."] Flight International, 3 June 2015.
26. ^{{cite web |url=http://australianaviation.com.au/2015/11/alliance-acquires-austrian-airlines-fokker-fleet/ |title=Alliance acquires Austrian Airlines' Fokker fleet - Australian Aviation |publisher=Australian Aviation |date = November 2015}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fokker-aircraft.info/fleetlist.htm|title=FOKKER 100 FLEET LIST.|author=|date=|website=www.fokker-aircraft.info|accessdate=1 April 2018}}
28. ^{{cite news |url= https://airinsight.com/fokker-100s-second-youth-australia/ |title= Fokker 100’s second youth in Australia |date= January 24, 2017 |work= AirInsight}}
29. ^"ASN Aircraft accident Fokker 100 PH-KXL Skopje." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 13 April 2008.
30. ^"Accident description PT-MRK." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
31. ^{{cite book | first=Carlos Ari César | last=Germano da Silva | title=O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928–1996 | chapter=Vinte e quatro segundos | publisher=EDIPUCRS | edition=2 | place=Porto Alegre | year=2008 | pages=376–381 | isbn=978-85-7430-760-2 | language=Portuguese}}
32. ^"Accident description PT-WHK." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
33. ^"Accident description PT-MRN." Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
34. ^{{cite web |first=Marra |last=Lívia |url=http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/cotidiano/ult95u37107.shtml |title=Avião da TAM acidentado em Minas havia sido revisado no mês passado |language=Portuguese |publisher=folha.uol.com.br |date= 16 September 2001 |accessdate= 23 May 2011}}
35. ^"Picture: Truck driver killed as Air France Régional Fokker 100 hits vehicle during overrun in Pau." Flight Global. Retrieved: 2 January 2009.
36. ^"Icing led to Air France Fokker takeoff crash: investigators." Flight Global. Retrieved: 2 January 2009.
37. ^"Rockets fired at Ivorian PM plane", BBC News, 29 June 2007.
38. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fratmat.info/1,,,1_fgfd10,,1.php?,__=eb,,0-0&el=FAPZW6&bv=GWFA1IH52D |title=Obsèques nationales pour les victimes |publisher=Centre d'informations et de communication gouvernementale (CICG) |date=10 July 2007 |accessdate=9 September 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070928135655/http://www.fratmat.info/1,,,1_fgfd10,,1.php?,__=eb,,0-0&el=FAPZW6&bv=GWFA1IH52D |archivedate = 28 September 2007|language=fr}}
39. ^"Côte d'Ivoire: arrestations après l'attentat contre le Premier ministre Soro" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930154910/http://www.jeuneafrique.com/fluxafp/fil_info.asp?reg_id=0&art_cle=37709 |date=30 September 2007 }}, Agence France-Presse, 30 June 2007 {{fr icon}}.
40. ^[https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-iran-air-fokker-100-suffers-fire-damage-du-220592/ "PICTURES: Iran Air Fokker 100 suffers fire damage during take-off accident at Tehran."] Flight International, 3 January 2008.
41. ^[https://news.yahoo.com/airliner-makes-emergency-landing-myanmar-060213867.html "Airliner makes emergency landing on Myanmar road"] AP. Retrieved: 25 December 2012.
42. ^"The Fokker 100." airliners.net. Retrieved: 17 August 2011.
43. ^Fokker 100 Specifications {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321232627/http://www.aer.ita.br/~bmattos/mundo/airliner/fo100.htm |date=2012-03-21 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120321232627/http://www.aer.ita.br/~bmattos/mundo/airliner/fo100.htm |date=2012-03-21 }} aer.ita.br. Retrieved: 29 January 2012.

Bibliography

{{refbegin}}
  • Taylor, Michael J. H. 'Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory. London: Brassey's, 1996. {{ISBN|1-85753-198-1}}.
{{refend}}

External links

{{commonscat-inline|Fokker 100}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20100405081233/http://www.flyfokker.com/Stork/18515/FF_F100.html Fokker 100 page on manufacturer's site]
  • Future100 Executive Jet and operators pages on FokkerServices.com
  • Rekkof Project
  • Rekkof : Fokker 100NG{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
  • Fokker 100 info
{{Fokker aircraft}}

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