| 词条 | Vice President of Brazil | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|post = Vice President |body = the Federative Republic of Brazil |native_name ={{small|Vice Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil}} |insignia = Coat of arms of Brazil.svg |insigniasize = 100px |insigniacaption = Coat of arms of Brazil |style = Mr. Vice President (Informal) His Excellency (Formal) |status = 2nd highest in executive branch |nominator = President of Brazil,Political party |abbreviation = VPOB |appointer = National Congress of Brazil |termlength = Four years, renewable once |seat = Brasilia |member_of = Cabinet National Defense Council |residence = Palácio do Jaburu |image = Mourão no Senado em Posse presidencial - 2019.jpg |incumbent = Hamilton Mourão |incumbentsince = 1 January 2019 |department = Federal government of Brazil |succession = First |formation = February 26, 1891 |constituting_instrument = Constitution of Brazil |inaugural = Marshal Floriano Peixoto |website = Vice Presidency |flag=Flag of the Vice President of Brazil.svg|flagcaption=Vice Presidential Standard|flagsize=150px}}{{Politics of Brazil}} The Vice President of Brazil ({{lang-pt|Vice-Presidente do Brasil}}), officially the Vice President of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Vice-Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil), or simply the Vice President of the Republic (Vice-Presidente da República) is the second-highest ranking government official in the executive branch of the Government of Brazil, preceded only by the president. The Vice President's primary role is to replace the president on the event of his or her death, resignation, or impeachment, and to temporarily take over the presidential powers and duties while the President is abroad, or otherwise temporarily unable to carry out his or her duties. The Vice President is elected jointly with the president as his or her running mate. The office has existed since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, although it was only officially instituted as of the 1891 Constitution. It has been in place throughout all of Brazil's republican history, save for the fifteen years of the Vargas Era, when it was abolished. RequirementsThe requirements to run for the office of Vice President are exactly those of the Presidency itself. In addition to the ordinary requirements to run for political office in Brazil, under the terms of article 14 of the Constitution, a candidate for the Vice Presidency must be a natural born citizen of Brazil (which under certain circumstances may include the offspring of one or two Brazilian parents living abroad) and be at least 35 years of age. Election and tenureThe President and Vice President are elected on a single ticket for a four-year term and are inaugurated on 1 January of the year following that of the election. Both may be re-elected for a subsequent term. If the Vice President succeeds a sitting President, he or she may be reelected for an additional term. However, he or she is not eligible to run for a second full term, as under Brazilian law any partial term counts toward the limit of two consecutive terms. This limit applies whenever the Vice President serves as Acting President when the President is either abroad or suspended from office as a result of impeachment. Workplace and official residenceThe Vice President works in an annex building of the Palácio do Planalto. The official residence of the Vice President is the Palácio do Jaburu, inaugurated in 1977. Ascension to the PresidencySince the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, eight Vice Presidents have been called upon to replace former Presidents: four due to death of the incumbent (Nilo Peçanha, Delfim Moreira, Café Filho, and José Sarney), two due to resignation (Floriano Peixoto and João Goulart), and two due to impeachment conviction[1] (Itamar Franco and Michel Temer). List of Vice Presidents
See also
References1. ^President Fernando Collor de Mello was impeached by the Chamber of Deputies, but resigned before being convicted in the Senate, resulting in Itamar Franco becoming President while the trial of Collor continued (eventually resulting in a conviction and his disqualification from public office for eight years). External links
3 : Vice Presidents of Brazil|Vice presidents|Executive branch of Brazil |
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