| 词条 | Wojciech Gerson | ||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Wojciech Gerson | image = Wojciech Gerson.jpg | birth_date = July 1, 1831 | birth_place = Warsaw, Poland | death_date = {{Death date and age|1901|02|25|1831|07|1|mf=yes}} | death_place = Warsaw, Poland | field = Painting, art education | alma_mater = Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw {{Imperial Academy of Arts|Alumni|}}{{sfn|Directory of the Imperial Academy of Arts|1915|p=47}} | movement = Romanticism | influenced by = Léon Cogniet (Prix de Rome) | influenced = Józef Chełmoński Leon Wyczółkowski | education = {{Imperial Academy of Arts|Member|1873}} {{Imperial Academy of Arts|Professor|1878}}{{sfn|Directory of the Imperial Academy of Arts|1915|p=47}} | residence = Russian Empire }}Wojciech Gerson (July 1, 1831 – February 25, 1901) was a leading Polish painter of the mid-19th century, and one of the foremost representatives of the Polish school of Realism during the foreign Partitions of Poland. He served as long-time professor of the School of Fine Arts in Warsaw,[1] and taught future luminaries of Polish neo-romanticism including Józef Chełmoński, Leon Wyczółkowski, Władysław Podkowiński, Józef Pankiewicz and Anna Bilińska-Bohdanowiczowa among others. He also wrote art-reviews and published a book of anatomy for the artists.[2] A large number of his paintings were stolen by Nazi Germany in World War II, and never recovered.[3] BiographyGerson was born in Warsaw during the November Uprising against the Russians. He enrolled at the School of Fine Arts in Warsaw in 1844 and graduated with honors in 1850. In 1853 Gerson received a scholarship to the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, and spent two years studying historical painting with Alexey Markov. He graduated with a silver medal in St. Petersburg and returned to Warsaw in 1855. He left for Paris in 1856 and studied under Léon Cogniet and others.[1] Gerson came back to Poland in February 1858. He resided in Warsaw for the rest of his life, nevertheless continued to travel abroad, until the turn of the century.[2] Gerson was a co-founder of the Fine-Arts Society "Zachęta" established in 1860.[1] It was the first support-group of its kind in Warsaw under the foreign occupation. He began to teach art in his own workshop in 1865, and became professor at the School of Fine Arts (future Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw) in 1872. He trained a generation of future Polish artists there, until his retirement in 1896. Gerson introduced the outdoor landscape trips and genre studies to his students with considerable impact on the art of Józef Chełmoński, the monumental painter with gallery named after him at Sukiennice; Leon Wyczółkowski, the leading field painter of the Young Poland movement; Antoni Piotrowski revered as far as Bulgaria for his epic war-scenes,[4] as well as impressionist Władysław Podkowiński and his contemporaries.[2] Gerson was granted the title of academic by the St. Petersburg Fine Arts Academy in 1873 and named a professor in 1878.[5] Gerson also worked as an architect and art critic. He is revered in Poland for his historical paintings of patriotic nature, scenes of country life, and mountain landscapes. Gerson died in Warsaw, at the age of 70, and is buried in the Evangelical Cemetery of the Augsburg Confession in Warsaw. His paintings can be seen at the National Museum, Warsaw; Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom, and in other branches of the National Museum of Poland as well as in selected churches.[6] Selected historical paintingsArchival photographs of selected artwork looted by GermansReferences{{commons category}}1. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Gerson, Wojciech|url=http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/grove/art/T031777;jsessionid=021406D0D3D57E5EF13706F042151B91#031777.1|work=Grove Art Online|publisher=Oxford University Press|accessdate=November 6, 2012|author=Janina Zielińska|year=2012}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Wojciech Gerson|url=http://www.pinakoteka.zascianek.pl/Gerson/Gerson_bio.htm|work=Pinakoteka Zascianek.pl|publisher=Encyklopedia PWN, Warszawa 1974|language=Polish|accessdate=November 6, 2012|year=2012}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Gerson, Wojciech|url=http://sztuka.zaprasza.net/naz/gerso/default.htm|work=Obrazy zaginione podczas II wojny światowej|publisher=Sztuka zaprasza.net|accessdate=November 6, 2012}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.euro2001.net/issues/5_2002/5br31.html|title=Антони Пьотровски – свидетел и хроникьор на княжеското време|work=Antoni Piotrowski – witness and chronicler of the Imperial period – by Leonora Angelova|last=Ангелова|first=Леонора|year=2002|publisher=АРТ|language=Bulgarian|accessdate=November 15, 2012}} 5. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.culture.pl/baza-sztuki-pelna-tresc/-/eo_event_asset_publisher/eAN5/content/wojciech-gerson/ | title=Wojciech Gerson | publisher=Instytut Adama Mickiewicza Culture.pl | date=December 2004 | accessdate=November 15, 2012 | author=Irena Kossowska, Instytut Sztuki Polskiej Akademii Nauk | language=Polish}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Wojciech Gerson (July 1, 1831 - February 25, 1901)|url=http://artyzm.com/e_artysta.php?id=683&page=1|work=Obrazy malarza|publisher=Artyzm.com|accessdate=November 7, 2012}} Literature
6 : 1831 births|1901 deaths|Artists from Warsaw|19th-century Polish painters|Polish academics|Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw faculty |
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