| 词条 | Fuller Warren |
| 释义 |
|name= Fuller Warren |image= 37_Warren.jpg |caption= |order1=30th |office1= Governor of Florida |term_start1= January 4, 1949 |term_end1= January 6, 1953 |lieutenant1= |predecessor1= Millard F. Caldwell |successor1= Daniel T. McCarty |office2 = Member of the Florida House of Representatives |term2 = 1939 |birth_date= October 3, 1905 |birth_place= Blountstown, Florida |death_date= September 23, 1973 (aged 67) |death_place= Miami, Florida |spouse= Sallie Mae Stegall Pat Pacetti Barbara Manning |profession= Lawyer |party= Democratic |religion=Baptist |footnotes= |allegiance={{flag|United States}} |branch={{flag|United States Navy}} |battles=World War II }} Fuller Warren (October 3, 1905{{spaced ndash}}September 23, 1973) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 30th Governor of Florida. Early life and educationBorn in Blountstown, Florida, he attended the University of Florida in Gainesville. While at the University he was one of the early members of Florida Blue Key, as well as the Tau Chapter of Theta Chi Fraternity. While still attending the university, he was elected in 1927 at the age of 21 to the Florida House of Representatives.[1] Legal career and early politicsFollowing graduation, he moved to Jacksonville, where he began practicing law. He served on the city council from 1931 until 1937; he was elected and returned to the Florida House in 1939. During World War II, he was a gunnery officer in the U.S. Navy. Term as governorWarren was nominated for governor by the Democratic Party in 1948; his platform included promises to fight racism in Florida. In addition to having to deal with racial segregation, most blacks were still disenfranchised and cut out of the official political system.[2]{{rp|108–9}} Warren won the election and assumed the office of governor on January 4, 1949. After his election, he spoke out against the Ku Klux Klan, stating after a rally in January 1949 that {{quote|The hooded hoodlums and sheeted jerks who paraded the streets of Tallahassee last night made a disgusting and alarming spectacle. These covered cowards who call themselves Klansmen quite obviously have set out to terrorize minority groups in Florida as they have in a near-by state.[3]}}In March 1949, reports were published that Warren had been a member of the Klan. He issued a statement saying that he had been a member before World War II, but during it he had "helped to fight a war to destroy the Nazis — first cousins to Klansmen."[4] During his term, Warren set the foundations for the state's turnpike system, began the Florida reforestation program, instituted quality control programs on Florida's citrus crops, and signed a law that forbade cattle from wandering freely (as they damaged crops). In 1951 Warren signed an anti-Klan law which, although not mentioning the Klan specifically, forbade the wearing of masks in public or on the private property of another person without the written permission of the owner.[5] The hearings of the United States Senate Special Committee to Investigate Crime in Interstate Commerce, chaired by Senator Estes Kefauver, brought to light the involvement of Florida public officials in gambling-related corruption involving numbers games and bolita. There were accusations that Warren's 1948 campaign had been funded by organized criminals.[2]{{rp|247–8}} Warren refused to cooperate with the committee, claiming that to do so would contradict the principle of States' rights.[7] In a letter to Senator Herbert O'Conor, in which Warren informed the committee that he would not appear before them, he stated: "I think state sovereignty as conceived by the founders of our Government is something more than a fading memory to rest in the nation's archives."[6] In 1951, a legislator in the Florida House of Representatives introduced a resolution to impeach Warren for "wilfully ignoring" his duty to eliminate illegal gambling in Florida and for falsifying papers related to his 1948 campaign.[2]{{rp|248}} The House voted on May 28, 1951 to reject the articles of impeachment.[7] Later yearsAfter Warren left office on January 6, 1953, he moved to Miami, where he practiced law. He ran for governor again in 1956, promising "to maintain segregation in Florida."[8] But, he lost the election to opponent LeRoy Collins. Warren died in Miami in 1973.[9] Legacy and honors
References1. ^{{cite book|author=James C. Clark|title=200 Quick Looks at Florida History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-vk3wM-6i3MC&pg=PA112|accessdate=8 July 2012|date=1 September 2000|publisher=Pineapple Press Inc|isbn=978-1-56164-200-7|page=112}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=Gilbert King|title=Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wLEMM_ifNzwC|accessdate=8 July 2012|date=6 March 2012|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-06-209771-2}} 3. ^{{cite news|date=29 January 1949|publisher=New York Times|page=7|title=Klan Fought in Florida: Gov. Warren Assails Marchers, Says He Will Ask Legal Ban|url=http://search.proquest.com/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/105786037/137B8956F9B183C4A80/22?}} 4. ^{{cite news|publisher=New York Times|page=30|title=Official Once In The Klan: Florida Governor Says He Does All in Power to Stop It Now|date=16 March 1949|url=http://search.proquest.com/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/105713110/137B8956F9B183C4A80/26?}} 5. ^{{cite news|publisher=Chicago Defender|page=11|date=19 May 1951|title=Fuller Warren Signs Florida Anti-Klan Law|url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/492934471/137B8D528572B7143B3/4?}} 6. ^{{cite news|publisher=New York Times|page=1|title=Florida Governor Defies Senators|date=3 July 1951|url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/112007238/137B8D528572B7143B3/8?}} 7. ^{{cite news|publisher=New York Times|page=17|title=Impeachment Step Beaten in Florida|url=http://search.proquest.com/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/111958836/137CE84A91C654D67A3/28?}} 8. ^{{cite news|publisher=New York Times|page=21|date=22 February 1956|title=Florida Ex-Governor to Run|url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/113516100/137B8D528572B7143B3/13?}} 9. ^1 {{cite news|publisher=New York Times|page=36|title=Fuller Warren of Florida Dies; Served Two Terms as Governor: Elected While a Student|date=24 September 1973|url=http://search.proquest.com/hnpnewyorktimes/docview/119793969/137B89387FFC43C291/1?}} External links{{commons category}}
11 : American people of Norman descent|Governors of Florida|Jacksonville, Florida City Council members|University of Florida alumni|Florida Democrats|American military personnel of World War II|1905 births|1973 deaths|Democratic Party state governors of the United States|20th-century American politicians|People from Blountstown, Florida |
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