| 词条 | Fushimi Castle |
| 释义 |
|name=Fushimi Castle 伏見城 |partof= |location=Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Japan |image=Fushimimomoyamajo 03.jpg |image_size=300px |caption= |type=Azuchi-Momoyama castle |built=1592–1594, rebuilt late 1590s, again in 1964 |builder=Toyotomi Hideyoshi (original) |materials=stone, wood, plaster, gold |height= |used=1592–1623 |demolished=1596 by an earthquake; dismantled 1623 |condition=Reconstruction closed to public |ownership= |controlledby=Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1592–1598) Torii Mototada (1598–1600) Tokugawa shogunate (1600–1623) Japan (1964–present) |garrison= |commanders= |occupants= |battles= |events= }}{{nihongo|Fushimi Castle|伏見城|Fushimi-jō}}, also known as {{nihongo|Momoyama Castle|桃山城|Momoyama-jō}} or Fushimi-Momoyama Castle, is a castle in Kyoto's Fushimi Ward. The current structure is a 1964 replica of the original built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.[1] HistoryThe construction of the original castle was begun in 1592, the year after Hideyoshi's retirement from the regency, and completed in 1594. Twenty provinces provided workers for the construction, which numbered between 20,000 and 30,000.[2][3] Though bearing the external martial appearance of a castle, the structure was intended as a retirement palace for Hideyoshi, and was furnished and decorated as such. It is particularly famous for its Golden Tea Room in which both the walls and the implements were covered in gold leaf. The castle was intended to be the site for Hideyoshi's peace talks with Chinese diplomats seeking an end to the Seven-Year War in Korea, but an earthquake destroyed the castle entirely only two years after its completion. It was rebuilt soon afterwards, and came to be controlled by Torii Mototada, a vassal of Tokugawa Ieyasu. In 1600, the castle fell in a famous and significant siege by Ishida Mitsunari. Torii Mototada, in a celebrated act of honor and bravery, defended the castle for eleven days, delaying Ishida's forces and allowing his lord Tokugawa time to build his own army. This had a profound effect on the Battle of Sekigahara, which came soon afterwards, and which marked the final victory of Tokugawa Ieyasu over all his rivals. In 1623, the castle was dismantled, and many of its rooms and buildings were incorporated into castles and temples across Japan. Several temples in Kyoto, such as Yōgen-in (養源院), Genkō-an (源光庵), and Hōsen-in (宝泉院), have a blood-stained ceiling that had been the floor of a corridor at Fushimi Castle where Torii Mototada and company had committed suicide.[4] In 1912, the tomb of Emperor Meiji was built on the original site of the castle. The castle was not rebuilt until 1964, when a replica was created very nearby and primarily in concrete. The new structure served as a museum of the life and campaigns of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and the main attraction of a small theme park called "Castle Land", but was closed to the public in 2003.[5] See also
References1. ^http://www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/25-Fushimi-Castle 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://asianhistory.about.com/od/japan/ig/Japanese-Castles/Fushimi-Castle.htm|title=Castles of Japan|publisher=}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Sansom|first1=George|title=A History of Japan, 1334-1615|date=1961|publisher=Stanford University Press|location=Stanford|isbn=0804705259|page=383-384}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.samuelhawley.com/imjinarticle4.html|title=The Blood Ceilings of Kyoto, memories of Hideyoshi, Fushimi Castle, Tokugawa Ieyasu|website=www.samuelhawley.com}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.japanese-castle-explorer.com/castle_profile.html?name=Fushimi|title=Japanese Castle Explorer – Fushimi Castle - 伏見城|first=Daniel|last=O'Grady|website=www.japanese-castle-explorer.com}} Further reading
External links
6 : Azuchi–Momoyama period|Buildings and structures in Kyoto|Castles in Kyoto Prefecture|Houses completed in 1594|Tourist attractions in Kyoto|Rebuilt buildings and structures in Japan |
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