| 词条 | Galician Soviet Socialist Republic |
| 释义 |
|conventional_long_name = Galician Soviet Socialist Republic |native_name = Galitskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika |common_name = Halychyna |status = Unrecognized state |p1 = West Ukrainian People's Republic |flag_p1 = Flag of the Ukranian State.svg |p2 = Second Polish Republic |flag_p2 = Flag of Poland.svg |s1 = Second Polish Republic |flag_s1 = Flag of Poland.svg |image_flag = Flag of the Galician SSR.svg |flag = Flag of Galicia and Lodomeria |era = Interwar period |year_start = 1920 |year_end = |date_start = 15 July |date_end = 21 September |capital = Ternopil |image_map = MapGSSR cr.png |government_type = Revolutionary Committee (provisional) |leader1 = Volodymyr Zatonsky |title_leader = Chairman |today={{flag|Ukraine}} }}{{History of Ukraine}}{{main|Polish-Soviet War}} The Galician Soviet Socialist Republic ({{lang-ru|Галицкая Социалистическая Советская Республика}}, Г.С.С.Р.) was a self-declared and short-lived political entity that existed from 15 July to 21 September 1920. The communist state was established during a successful counter-offensive of the Red Army in the summer of 1920 as part of the Polish-Soviet War and in the course of which the Polish-Ukrainian joint military force (Polish Ukrainian Front) was forced to retreat from its positions along the Dnieper that it secured earlier in 1920 all the way to the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains. DescriptionThe republic became a buffer zone of the ongoing conflict within the area of the South-Western front of the Red Army. Due to the successful offensive in July 1920, the Soviet government also created the Polrevkom and had intentions of creating the Polish Socialist Soviet Republic. A similar, but less elaborate activity, of the communist Polrevkom, was related to the North-Western front of the Red Army (the "government" was seated in Białystok). The Galician SSR was established on 15 July 1920 when the Galician Revolutionary Committee (Halrevkom), a provisional government headed by Volodymyr Zatonsky (Vladimir Zatonsky) and created on 8 July in Kiev under the auspices of the Communist Party of Ukraine, issued its declaration. The communist government moved to Tarnopol (today Ternopil) in East Galicia on 1 August 1920 upon occupation of the region by the Red Army. The same day the Halrevkom adopted a decree "About establishing of Soviet power in Galicia". The national languages (of equal status) were declared to be Polish, Ukrainian and Yiddish. With its decrees, the communist government abolished private ownership of the means of production, established an eight-hour workday, separated church from state and nationalised church estates, established a single labour school with seven-year education, and nationalised the land. By the end of August, the Halrevkom tried to conduct elections to establish a permanent Soviet government and convene the All-Galician congress of Soviets. With the Polish offensive on 15 September, those plans failed and the Halrevkom withdrew from Tarnopol. On 21 September 1920, the republic was officially abolished and its revolutionary committee was transformed into the Galician Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine. With the signing of the Peace of Riga in March 1921, the bureau was liquidated. Halrevkom did not control the most important area of East Galicia: the Lviv area with its oilfields of Boryslav and Drohobych. Government composition
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12 : Early Soviet republics|Polish–Soviet War|1920 in Poland|1920 in Ukraine|History of Eastern Galicia|Political history of Poland|Territorial disputes of the Soviet Union|1920 establishments in Poland|States and territories established in 1920|States and territories disestablished in 1920|Poland–Soviet Union relations|Former polities of the interwar period |
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