| 词条 | Gare Montparnasse |
| 释义 |
| name=Paris-Montparnasse | symbol_location=fr | symbol=rail | symbol2=tgv | symbol3=ter | symbol_location4=paris | symbol4=i | type= | image= Gare de Paris-Montparnasse, Paris 2007.jpg | image_size= | image_caption= Montparnasse exterior | address= Place Raoul-Dautry, 75015 Montparnasse, Paris | country= France | coordinates={{Coord|48|50|24|N|2|19|07|E|region:FR-J_type:railwaystation|display=inline,title}} | elevation= {{convert|63|m|ft|abbr=on}} | line=Paris–Brest railway | other= | structure= | platform= | depth= | levels= | tracks= | parking= | bicycle= | baggage_check= | opened= 10 September 1840 | closed= | rebuilt= | electrified= | ADA= | code= 8739100 | owned= RFF / SNCF | operator= SNCF | zone=1 (Public transport fares in the Île-de-France) | former= | passengers= 50 million | pass_year= 2002 | pass_percent= | pass_system= | mpassengers= | services={{s-rail|title=SNCF}}{{s-line|system=TGV|line=|previous=|next=Massy TGV|type=Montparnasse|type2=WSW}}{{s-line|system=Intercités|line=Norm|previous=|next=Dreux|type=Montparnasse|type2=Granville}}{{s-line|system=TER Normandie|line=PG|previous=|next=Versailles-Chantiers}}{{s-line|system=TER Centre-Val de Loire|line=3.2|previous=Versailles-Chantiers|next=}}{{s-line|system=Transilien|line=N|previous=|next=Vanves-Malakoff|type2=all}} | map_locator= }} The Gare Montparnasse ({{IPA-fr|ɡaʁ mɔ̃paʁnas}}) (Montparnasse Station), officially Paris-Montparnasse, is one of the six large Paris railway termini, and is located in the 14th and 15th arrondissements of Paris. The station opened in 1840, was rebuilt in 1852 and was relocated in 1969 to a new station just south of the original location — where subsequently the prominent Montparnasse Tower was constructed. The original station is noted for the Montparnasse derailment, where a steam train crashed through the station in 1895, an event captured in widely known photographs — and reproduced in full scale in several locations.[1] The station serves intercity TGV trains to the west and south-west of France including Tours, Bordeaux, Rennes and Nantes, and suburban and regional services on the Transilien Paris – Montparnasse routes. There is also a metro station. HistoryThe station opened in 1840 as Gare de l'Ouest,[2] later being renamed. A second station was built between 1848 and 1852. On 25 August 1944, the German military governor of Paris, General von Choltitz, surrendered his garrison to the French General Philippe Leclerc at the old station, after disobeying Adolf Hitler's direct order to destroy the city (see Liberation of Paris). During the 1960s, a newer station integrated into a complex of office buildings was built. In 1969, the old station was torn down and the Tour Montparnasse built on its site. An extension was built in 1990 to host the TGV Atlantique. 1895 derailment{{main|Montparnasse derailment}}The Gare Montparnasse became famous for the derailment on 22 October 1895, of the Granville–Paris Express, which overran the buffer stop. The engine careered across almost {{convert|30|m|ft|-1}} of the station concourse, crashed through a {{convert|60|cm|ft|0|adj=on}} thick wall, shot across a terrace and smashed out of the station, plummeting onto the Place de Rennes {{convert|10|m|ft|0}} below, where it stood on its nose. Two of the 131 passengers sustained injuries, along with the fireman and two conductors. The only fatality was a woman on the street below, Marie-Augustine Aguilard, who was temporarily taking over her husband's work duty while he went out to get the newspapers. She was killed by falling masonry.[3] The railway company later paid for her funeral and provided a pension to look after her two children. The accident was caused by a faulty Westinghouse brake and the engine driver, who was trying to make up lost time.[4] A conductor was given a 25-franc fine and the engine driver a 50-franc fine. Replicas of the train crash are recreated outside the Mundo a Vapor ("Steam World") museum chain buildings in Brazil, in the southernmost state, Rio Grande do Sul, in the city of Canela.[5] {{-}}Train servicesFrom Paris Montparnasse train services depart to major French cities such as: Le Mans, Rennes, Saint-Brieuc, Brest, Saint-Malo, Vannes, Lorient, Quimper, Angers, Nantes, Saint-Nazaire, Tours, Poitiers, La Rochelle, Angoulême, Bordeaux, Toulouse, Bayonne and Granville. The station is also served by suburban trains heading to the west and south-west of Paris.
Lines serving this stationAdjacent metro station:
Nearby station:
See also{{Portal|Paris}}
References1. ^Train Wreck Replica, retrieved 4 March 2009 2. ^Musee Orsay, retrieved 9 July 2009 3. ^Danger Ahead, retrieved 4 March 2009 4. ^Let's pause for a station break on Failure Magazine 5. ^The Trainwreck Industry {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309023749/http://james.lab6.com/2006/10/29/the-trainwreck-industry |date=9 March 2009 }}, retrieved 4 March 2009 External links{{Commons category|Gare de Paris-Montparnasse}}
5 : Railway termini in Paris|SNCF|Railway stations opened in 1840|Buildings and structures in the 15th arrondissement of Paris|1840 establishments in France |
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