| 词条 | 1990 Nicaraguan general election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = 1990 Nicaraguan presidential election | country = Nicaragua | type = presidential | ongoing = no | previous_election = 1984 Nicaraguan general election | previous_year = 1984 | election_date = 25 February 1990 | next_election = 1996 Nicaraguan general election | next_year = 1996 | turnout = | color1 =0000FF | image1 = | candidate1 = Violeta Chamorro | party1 = UNO | running_mate1 = | popular_vote1 = 777.552 | percentage1 = 54.74% | image2 = | candidate2 = Daniel Ortega | party2 = Sandinista National Liberation Front | running_mate2 = | popular_vote2 = 579.886 | percentage2 = 40.82% | map_image = | map_size = | map_alt = | map = | map_caption = | title = President | posttitle = President-elect | before_election = Daniel Ortega | before_party = Sandinista National Liberation Front | after_election = Violeta Chamorro | after_party = UNO }}General elections were held in Nicaragua on 25 February 1990.[1] The result was a victory for the National Opposition Union (UNO), whose presidential candidate Violeta Chamorro surprisingly defeated incumbent president Daniel Ortega of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN),[2] despite opinion polls leading up to the elections clearly indicating an FSLN victory.[3] Possible explanations include that the Nicaraguan people were disenchanted with the Ortega government as well as the fact that already in November 1989, the White House had announced that the economic embargo against Nicaragua would continue unless Violeta Chamorro won.[4] Also, there had been reports of intimidation from the side of the contras,[5] with a Canadian observer mission claiming that 42 people were killed by the contras in "election violence" in October 1989.[6] This led many commentators to assume that Nicaraguans voted against the Sandinistas out of fear of a continuation of the contra war and economic deprivation.[3] ResultsPresident
National Assembly
By region
References1. ^Dieter Nohlen (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I, p489 {{ISBN|978-0-19-928357-6}} {{Nicaraguan elections}}2. ^{{cite news|title = Turnover in Nicaragua; NICARAGUAN OPPOSITION ROUTS SANDINISTAS; U.S. PLEDGES AID, TIED TO ORDERLY TURNOVER|work = The New York Times|url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEFDF173DF934A15751C0A966958260|date = 27 February 1990|first = Mark A.|last = Uhlig|accessdate =30 April 2010}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|title = After the Poll Wars-Explaining the Upset|publisher = Envio|url = http://www.envio.org.ni/articulo/2591|date = March 1990}} 4. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20130117074255/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1222025.html "Bush Vows to End Embargo if Chamorro Wins"], The Washington Post, 9 November 1989 5. ^"The policy of keeping the contras alive ... also has placed in jeopardy the holding of elections by encouraging contra attacks on the electoral process. Thus, while the Bush administration proclaims its support for human rights and free and fair elections in Nicaragua, it persists in sabotaging both." As seen at: [https://www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1989/WR89/Nicaragu.htm "Nicaragua"] Human Rights Watch, 1990 6. ^[https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/thestar/access/471113751.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Oct+27%2C+1989&author=%28CP%29&pub=Toronto+Star&desc=U.S.+trying+to+disrupt+election+in+Nicaragua%2C+Canadians+report&pqatl=google "U.S. trying to disrupt election in Nicaragua, Canadians report"] The Toronto Star, 27 October 1989 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.electiondataarchive.org/|title=Constituency-Level Elections Archive (CLEA)|website=www.electiondataarchive.org|access-date=2019-03-09}} 6 : February 1990 events|Nicaraguan Revolution|Elections in Nicaragua|1990 elections in Central America|1990 in Nicaragua|Presidential elections in Nicaragua |
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