| 词条 | George Edwards (naturalist) |
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|name = George Edwards |image = Edwards George 1693 1773.jpg |birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1694|04|03}} |birth_place =Stratford, Essex, England |death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1773|07|23|1694|04|03}} |death_place = Plaistow, Essex, Great Britain |nationality = English, British |known_for = Natural history writings and illustrations }}George Edwards (3 April 1694 – 23 July 1773) was an English naturalist and ornithologist, known as the "father of British ornithology".[1] Edwards was born at Stratford, Essex. In his early years he travelled extensively through mainland Europe, studying natural history, and gained some reputation for his coloured drawings of animals, especially birds. Librarian for the Royal College of PhysiciansIn 1733, on the recommendation of Hans Sloane, he was appointed librarian to the Royal College of Physicians in London. Sir Hans Sloane, founder of the British Museum, had employed George Edwards as a natural history painter for many years, and Edwards drew miniature figures of animals for him. Edwards visited Sloane once a week to share news and a coffee. Sloane kept track of Edwards's expenses and reimbursed him annually. Edwards served as College librarian for thirty-six years. He was chosen Fellow of the Royal Society and of the London Society of Antiquaries and was rewarded with the Copley Medal.[2] OrnithologyIn 1743 Edwards published the first volume of his A Natural History of Uncommon Birds, the fourth volume of which appeared in 1751; three supplementary volumes, under the title Gleanings of Natural History, were issued in 1758, 1760 and 1764. The two works contain engravings and descriptions of more than 600 subjects in natural history not before described or delineated. He likewise added a general index in French and English, which was afterwards supplied with Linnaean names by Linnaeus himself, with whom he frequently corresponded. About 1764 he retired to Plaistow, Essex, still a rural village, where he later died at the age of 77.[2] He also wrote Essays of Natural History (1770), Elements of Fossilogy (1776) Edwards's plates appeared in Johann Seligmann's Sammlung verschiedener ausländischer und seltener Vögel, 1749. Some of the colour plates in his Natural History of Birds were painted by Peter Paillou. The puffadder shyshark, first described by Edwards in 1760, is now named Haploblepharus edwardsii. EponymsDiadophis punctatus edwardsii, a subspecies of North American snake, is named in honor of George Edwards.[3]Works
References1. ^{{cite web | title = Hill Collection — 18th c. British authors & artists | work = Ornithology Collections in the Libraries at Cornell University: A Descriptive Guide | publisher = Cornell University Library | date = 1999 | url = http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/ornithology/guide/hillguide09.htm | accessdate = 2015-08-22}} {{EB1911|wstitle=Edwards, George| ref=none}}2. ^1 {{Cite journal | last1=Holl | first1=William | last2=Wood | first2=Neville | last3=Mammatt | first3=Edward, editor | title=Memoir of Sir Hans Sloane, founder of the British Museum | journal=The Analyst | volume=5| pages=3-20 [13-14] | publisher=Simpkin and Marshall | date=1836 | url=https://archive.org/stream/analystaquarter06mammgoog#page/n18 }} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Beolens|first1=Bo|last2=Watkins| first2=Michael|last3=Grayson|first3=Michael|year=2011|chapter=Edwards, G.|title=The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles|place=Baltimore|publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|page=81|isbn=978-1-4214-0135-5}} External links
10 : 1694 births|1773 deaths|People from Stratford, London|English ornithologists|English entomologists|Fellows of the Royal Society|Recipients of the Copley Medal|17th-century English people|18th-century English people|Natural history illustrators |
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