“30th Chess Olympiad”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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30th Chess Olympiad

释义

Open event
Individual medals Best game
Women's results
Individual medals
References
External links

The 30th Chess Olympiad, organized by FIDE and comprising an open^[1] and a women's tournament, as well as several other events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between June 7 and June 25, 1992, at the Philippine International Convention Center in Manila, Philippines.

Following the fall of the Iron Curtain, the field of competitors was quite different from previous Olympiads. Twelve of the 15 former Soviet republics now competed as independent nations, and they all finished in the top half. Meanwhile, an all-German team was present for the first time since World War II. Of the former Yugoslav republics, Croatia, Bosnia, and Slovenia appeared independently; Serbia-Montenegro and Macedonia did not. This Olympiad also marked the final appearance of Czechoslovakia and the re-appearance of South Africa.

With the Soviet team a thing of the past, all three medal ranks were now occupied by different ex-Soviet teams. Russia, captained by world champion Kasparov, took up the illustrious legacy of their predecessor and won by four points. Uzbekistan's silver was a small surprise; the Armenian bronze less so.

Open event

One-hundred-two teams from 100 different nations played a 14-round Swiss system tournament. One-hundred-four teams were signed up, but Yemen and Kenya never showed up, both forfeited their first two matches and were subsequently eliminated. Once again, the host nation had the right to field two additional teams.

In the event of a draw, the tie-break was decided by 1. The Buchholz system; 2. Match points; and 3. The Sonneborn-Berger system.

Open event
#	Country	Players	Average rating	Points
1	{{flag>Russia\|1991}}	Kasparov, Khalifman, Dolmatov, Dreev, Kramnik, Vyzmanavin	2648	39
2	{{UZB}}	Loginov, Serper, Nenashev, Zagrebelny, Saltaev, Iuldachev	2514	35
3	{{ARM}}	Vaganian, Akopian, Lputian, Minasian, Petrosian, Anastasian	2575	34½

#	Country	Average rating	Points	Buchholz	MP
4	{{USA}}	2611	34
5	{{LAT}}	2566	33½	450.0
6	{{ISL}}	2544	33½	443.0
7	{{CRO}}	2523	33½	440.0
8	GEO\|1990}}	2560	33	450.0
9	{{UKR}}	2629	33	449.5
10	{{ENG}}	2638	33	444.5
11	{{ISR}}	2544	32½	450.0
12	BIH\|1992}}	2599	32½	443.5
13	{{GER}}	2580	32½	433.5
14	{{CSK}}	2536	32½	432.0
15	{{SUI}}	2488	32½	425.5
16	{{CHN}}	2523	32½	408.5
17	{{HUN}}	2588	32	447.0
18	{{SWE}}	2551	32	440.0
19	{{BUL}}	2541	32	430.5
20	{{COL}}	2448	32	420.5
21	{{SLO}}	2439	32	409.5
22	{{IND}}	2531	31½
23	{{NED}}	2584	31	457.5
24	Lithuania\|1988}}	2530	31	439.0
25	{{EST}}	2525	31	426.5
26	{{PER}}	2584	31	422.5
27	{{FRA}}	2521	31	419.0
28	{{BRA}}	2476	31	414.0
29	{{ITA}}	2430	30½	423.5
30	Turkmenistan\|1992}}	2284	30½	405.5
31	PHI\|1986}}	2478	30½	404.5
32	{{POL}}	2480	30	425.5	16
33	{{NOR}}	2429	30	425.5	14
34	{{ARG}}	2483	30	423.0
35	{{MDA}}	2490	30	421.5
36	{{ROM}}	2485	30	414.5
37	{{TUR}}	2363	30	396.5
38	{{KGZ}}	2429	29½	428.0
39	{{GRE}}	2490	29½	420.5
40	{{INA}}	2424	29½	414.5
41	{{ESP}}	2483	29½	411.0
42	PHI\|1986}} "C"	2355	29½	407.5
43	{{POR}}	2440	29½	404.5
44	PHI\|1986}} "B"	2399	29½	401.0
45	{{KAZ}}	2376	29	416.5
46	{{AUS}}	2473	29	416.0
47	{{AUT}}	2355	29	407.0
48	{{DEN}}	2436	28½	411.0
49	{{FIN}}	2440	28½	410.5
50	{{BEL}}	2454	28½	401.0
51	{{MEX}}	2465	28½	395.5
52	{{SIN}}	2391	28½	395.0
53	{{VIE}}	2243	28½	390.5
54	{{CAN}}	2435	28½	385.0
55	{{SCO}}	2424	28	404.0
56	Tunisia\|1959}}	2331	28	387.0
57	{{CHI}}	2399	27½	402.5
58	{{MGL}}	2316	27½	398.0
59	{{AND}}	2260	27½	363.0
60	{{BAN}}	2183	27½	350.0
61	{{NZL}}	2341	27	390.5
62	PUR\|1952}}	2249	27	369.0
63	RSA\|1982}}	2064	27	349.0
64	{{EGY}}	2388	26½	397.5
65	{{FRO}}	2266	26½	384.5
66	{{ALG}}	2304	26½	374.0
67	{{UAE}}	2060	26½	373.0
68	{{SRI}}	2136	26½	359.0
69	{{LIB}}	2111	26½	355.5
70	{{PAK}}	2106	26	388.0
71	{{LUX}}	2263	26	379.5
72	JPN\|1947}}	2121	26	366.0	15
73	{{THA}}	2136	26	366.0	12
74	{{ANG}}	2263	26	361.0
75	{{WAL}}	2298	25½	384.5
76	{{NGR}}	2051	25½	372.0
77	{{MAR}}	2285	25½	366.5	13
78	{{MYS}}	2171	25½	366.5	11
79	{{QAT}}	2073	25½	358.0
80	{{NCA}}	2065	25½	349.0
81	SMR\|1862}}	2103	25½	334.5
82	{{IRL}}	2311	25	381.5
83	{{UGA}}	2280	25	346.0
84	MRT\|1959}}	2051	25	318.5
85	HKG\|1959}}	2274	24½	365.0
86	{{BOT}}	2161	24½	349.5
87	{{AHO}}	2000	24½	310.0
88	CYP\|1960}}	2104	24
89	{{ZIM}}	2051	23½	371.0
90	{{LIE}}	2053	23½	311.5
91	{{PNG}}	2103	23	335.0
92	{{MLT}}	2000	23	327.0
93	{{JAM}}	2110	22½	367.0
94	{{GGY}} and {{JEY}}	2000	22½	317.5
95	{{MLI}}	2051	22	317.0
96	{{BRN}}	2000	22	306.5
97	{{VIR}}	2054	21½
98	PLE}}	2000	21
99	{{FIJ}}	2051	20½
100	{{BMU}}	2138	18
101	{{ESA}}	2123	16
102	SYC\|1977}}	2000	14

Individual medals

Performance rating: {{flagicon|RUS|1991}} Vladimir Kramnik 2958
Board 1: {{flagicon|RUS|1991}} Garry Kasparov 8½ / 10 = 85.0%
Board 2: {{flagicon|BRA}} Jaime Sunye Neto 8 / 10 = 80.0%
Board 3: {{flagicon|UZB}} Alexander Nenashev 9½ / 12 = 79.2%
Board 4: {{flagicon|ESA}} Gustavo Zelaya 9 / 10 = 90.0%
1st reserve: {{flagicon|RUS|1991}} Vladimir Kramnik 8½ / 9 = 94.4%
2nd reserve: {{flagicon|CRO}} Ognjen Cvitan 8 / 10 = 80.0%

Best game

The 'Best game' prize (along with 4,000 DM) went to Garry Kasparov (Russia) - Predrag Nikolić (Bosnia and Herzegovina) from round 13.

Women's results

Sixty-two teams from 61 different nations (including Philippines "B") played a 14-round Swiss system tournament. Morocco and Zimbabwe were signed up, but didn't show up for their first round matches and were disqualified. Their first three matches were listed as forfeit, after which they were officially withdrawn.

In the event of a draw, the tie-break was decided by 1. The Buchholz system; 2. Match points; and 3. The Sonneborn-Berger system.

Like the open event, the first women's tournament after the dissolution of the Soviet Union was dominated by the former Soviet republics. The Georgian team with two former world champions, Chiburdanidze and Gaprindashvili, took the gold, ahead of Ukraine and China, the latter led by reigning world champion Xie Jun. Defending champions Hungary, once again without any of the famous Polgar sisters, had to settle for fourth place.

#	Country	Players	Average rating	Points
1	{{flagcountry>GEO\|1990}}	Chiburdanidze, Gaprindashvili, Ioseliani, Gurieli	2460	30½
2	{{UKR}}	Galliamova-Ivanchuk, Litinskaya, Chelushkina, Semenova	2373	29
3	{{CHN}}	Xie Jun, Peng Zhaoqin, Wang Pin, Qin Kanying	2398	28½

#	Country	Average rating	Points	Buchholz
4	{{HUN}}	2343	26½
5	Russia\|1991}}	2347	26
6	{{ROM}}	2317	25	350.0
7	{{AZE}}	2293	25	342.0
8	{{KAZ}}	2277	24½	347.0
9	{{USA}}	2353	24½	346.5
10	{{CSK}}	2247	24	338.0
11	{{EST}}	2232	24	324.5
12	{{LAT}}	2220	24	304.0
13	{{POL}}	2308	23½	322.5
14	{{BUL}}	2280	23½	313.5
15	{{KGZ}}	2215	23	328.5
16	Lithuania\|1988}}	2187	23	312.0
17	{{MDA}}	2158	23	310.5
18	{{INA}}	2047	22½	310.0
19	{{SUI}}	2245	22½	309.0
20	{{GRE}}	2285	22½	303.5
21	Turkmenistan\|1992}}	2000	22½	295.5
22	{{ENG}}	2263	22	312.5
23	{{MGL}}	2078	22	305.5
24	{{IND}}	2148	22	302.5
25	{{ISR}}	2175	22	302.0
26	{{SLO}}	2065	22	299.5
27	{{BAN}}	2002	22	264.0
28	{{NED}}	2208	21½	320.0
29	{{ARG}}	2240	21½	306.0
30	{{CRO}}	2223	21½	301.0
31	BIH\|1992}}	2135	21½	294.5
32	{{SWE}}	2102	21½	292.5
33	{{ARM}}	2175	21½	292.0
34	{{VIE}}	2082	21½	288.5
35	{{BRA}}	2088	21½	277.0
36	{{GER}}	2252	21	326.5
37	{{NOR}}	2083	21	298.0
38	{{AUS}}	2050	21	289.5
39	PHI\|1986}}	2012	21	262.5
40	{{AUT}}	2062	20	302.5
41	{{ESP}}	2225	20	294.5
42	{{SCO}}	2013	20	289.0
43	Venezuela\|1930}}	2018	20	274.0
44	{{FIN}}	2095	19½	302.0
45	{{CAN}}	2072	19½	286.0
46	{{FRA}}	2112	19½	284.5
47	{{MYS}}	2008	19½	279.0
48	{{TUR}}	2048	19½	267.5
49	{{POR}}	2012	19½	250.0
50	{{ITA}}	2000	19½	241.0
51	PHI\|1986}} "B"	2000	19½	238.5
52	{{MEX}}	2033	19	275.0
53	{{WAL}}	2060	19	246.5
54	{{ALG}}	2002	18½	250.5
55	{{SIN}}	2000	18½	237.5
56	{{SRI}}	2000	17½	249.0
57	{{IRL}}	2033	17½	233.5
58	{{NGR}}	2000	14½
59	{{ANG}}	2002	11½	237.0
60	{{UAE}}	2000	11½	235.5
61	{{NZL}}	2012	11
62	SYC\|1977}}	2000	5

Individual medals

Performance rating: {{flagicon|GEO|1990}} Maia Chiburdanidze 2692
Board 1: {{flagicon|GEO|1990}} Maia Chiburdanidze 11½ / 13 = 88.5%
Board 2: {{flagicon|RUS|1991}} Svetlana Prudnikova 8½ / 11 = 77.3%
Board 3: {{flagicon|GEO|1990}} Nana Ioseliani 10 / 12 = 83.3%
Reserve: {{flagicon|SRI}} Suneetha Wijesuriya 6½ / 8 = 81.3%

References

1. ^Although commonly referred to as the men's division, this section is open to both male and female players.

External links

30th Chess Olympiad: Manila 1992 OlimpBase

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