| 词条 | 315th Air Division |
| 释义 |
|unit_name= 315th Air Division | image=463d Tactical Airlift Wing 29th TAS Lockheed C-130B-LM Hercules 61-0969 July 1969 at Cam Rahn Bay AB Souh Vietnam.jpg | image_size = 290 |caption=Division C-130 Hercules deployed to Cam Ranh AB, Vietnam[1] |dates= 1944–1950, 1951–1969 |country=United States |allegiance= |branch={{air force|USA}} |type= |role=Command of airlift forces |size= |command_structure=Pacific Air Forces |current_commander= |garrison= |ceremonial_chief= |colonel_of_the_regiment= |nickname= |patron= |motto= |colors= |march= |mascot= |battles=Pacific Theater of Operations Korean War |decorations=Air Force Outstanding Unit Award Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation |notable_commanders= |anniversaries= |identification_symbol= |identification_symbol_label=315th Air Division emblem (Approved 11 October 1954)[2] |identification_symbol_2= |identification_symbol_2_label=315th Bombardment Wing emblem (Approved 25 April 1947)[3] }} The 315th Air Division (315th AD) is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with Pacific Air Forces, based at Tachikawa Air Base, Japan. It was inactivated in April 1969. HistoryWorld War IIThe 315th Bombardment Wing was activated in July 1944 at Peterson Field, Colorado as a command and control organization for four very heavy B-29 Superfortress bombardment groups. Organization trained in Colorado while subordinate groups were trained in Kansas by Second Air Force.[2] When training was completed moved to Guam in the Mariana Islands of the Central Pacific Area in late March 1945 The 315th was the fifth and last B-29 Wing assigned to XXI Bomber Command. The Groups and Squadrons of the 315th Bomb Wing for the most part, flew the B-29B aircraft. The limited-production B-29B was designed to was to save weight by removing all of the guns and sighting equipment used on other B-29s, except the tail gun. The weight savings allowed the B-29B to fly a little higher and a little further. The B-29B aircraft also had two new radar units installed. One was the AN/APQ-7 Eagle Radar for bombing and navigation and the other was the AN/APG-15 used for aiming the tail gun. These two radar units gave the B-29B a distinctive shape as the APQ-7 antenna appeared as a small wing under the fuselage, between the two bomb bay doors and the APG-15 added a ball shaped antenna to the tail of the aircraft below the tail guns.[4] In the Marianas, the Wing provided command and control to the 16th, 331st, 501st 502d Bombardment Groups. The 16th and the 501st were the first to arrive in Mid April; the 331st and 502d arrived in mid-May 1945.[5] Its groups flew "shakedown" missions against Japanese targets on Moen Island, Truk, and other points in the Carolines and Marianas. The 16th and 501st began combat missions over Japan on 26 June with attacks on the Utsube Oil Refinery in Yokkaichi. The 315th and 502d did not engage in combat until 1 August with attacks on the Mitsubishi Havana Oil Refinery in Kawasaki. For all four groups, oil industry targets in Japan were its primary targets.[5] The wing flew its last combat missions on 14 August when hostilities ended. Afterwards, the wing's B 29s carried relief supplies to Allied prisoner of war camps in Japan and Manchuria. Due to their late arrival in the theater, the groups demobilized slowly, not returning to the United States until April/May 1946.[5] The Wing then moved to Ashiya Army Airbase, Japan at the end of May 1946 to become part of the Fifth Air Force Occupation forces. It was re-designated as the 315th Composite Wing in January 1946 and controlled a mixture of fighter and bomber units performing occupation duty and providing air defense over Japan during the occupation era (1945–1950). The division was relieved of occupation duty and inactivated in March 1950[2] Korean WarWith the outbreak of the Korean War, the division was again activated in January 1951 and reassigned to Far East Air Forces. It was re-designated as the 315th Air Division (Combat Cargo) and took over the resources of the Far East Air Forces Combat Cargo Command (Provisional), which was set up in June 1950 in the immediate aftermath of the North Korean invasion of the south.[2] It assumed command and control of the following units:[2]
During the Korean War, its components evacuated wounded from Korea, airdropped supplies and personnel, hauled emergency supplies, materiel, replacement troops, mail, rations and ammunition, participated in joint training exercises in Japan, took part in numerous combat missions, and operated regular transport schedules within the Far East area.[2] Cold WarBefore combat operations ceased in Korea, the division began supporting French forces engaged in a war in Indochina. From May 1953 – July 1954, it provided C-119s to the French, trained French air crews and maintenance personnel, performed additional airlift missions in support of the French, and finally evacuated wounded French troops from Indochina during operation Wounded Warrior.[2] In July 1954, the 315th resumed normal airlift operations in the Western Pacific Area and participated in training exercises in Japan. It continued peacetime readiness operations throughout the 1950s and early 1960s from its base at Ashiya. In 1962, it established airlift support for the expanding conflict in Southeast Asia. Meantime, the division continued its routine airlift in the Far East, flew humanitarian missions, and participated in training exercises when possible.[2] The crisis prompted by the North Korean seizure of the USS Pueblo in January 1968, found the 315th supporting an emergency airlift to the Republic of Korea.[2] The 315th AD was inactivated in April 1969 due to budget reductions. Its operational units (314th, 374th and 463d TAW) were reassigned.[2] Lineage315th Air Division
Activated on 17 July 1944 Redesignated 315th Composite Wing on 8 January 1946 Inactivated on 20 August 1948 Redesignated 315th Air Division (Combat Cargo) on 10 January 1951 Activated on 25 January 1951 Redesignated 315th Air Division on 1 August 1967 Inactivated on 15 April 1969
Table of Distribution 315th Bombardment Wing
Organized on 18 August 1948 Discontinued 1 March 1950 Inactivated on 20 August 1948
Assignments
ComponentsWorld War II
United States Air ForceWings
Stations{{Col-begin}}{{Col-break|width=50%}}
See also{{Portal|United States Air Force|Military of the United States|World War II}}
ReferencesNotes1. ^Aircraft is Lockheed C-130B-LM Hercules Serial 61-0969 of the 29th Tactical Airlift Squadron, 463d Tactical Airlift Wing in July 1969 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 {{cite web |url=http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=10131 |title=Factsheet 315 Air Division |publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030115737/http://www.afhra.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=10131 |date=12 October 2007|archivedate=30 October 2012 |accessdate=24 February 2014}} 3. ^Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 422–424 4. ^Marshall, {{page needed|date=February 2015}} 5. ^1 2 Birdsall, {{page needed|date=February 2015}} Bibliography{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}
|others=Greer, Don; Stern, Rob (illustrators)|series=Aircraft Specials|year= 1980|publisher=Squadron/Signal Publications|location=Carrolton, TX|isbn=0897471040}}
External links
6 : United States Air Force units and formations in the Korean War|Military units and formations established in 1944|Japanese home islands campaign|World War II strategic bombing units|World War II aerial operations and battles of the Pacific theatre|Air divisions of the United States Air Force |
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