“Greville Janner”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Greville Ewan Janner, Baron Janner of Braunstone, QC (11 July 1928 – 19 December 2015) was a British politician, barrister and writer who was alleged to have abused vulnerable children^[2]—he died before court proceedings could formally establish the facts. He became a Leicester Labour MP in the 1970 general election as a last-minute candidate, succeeding his father. He was an MP until 1997, and then elevated to the House of Lords. Never a frontbencher, Janner was particularly known for his work on Select Committees; he chaired the Select Committee on Employment for a time.^[3] He was associated with a number of Jewish organisations including the Board of Deputies of British Jews, of which he was chairman from 1978 to 1984, and was later prominent in the field of education about the Holocaust.

Allegations that he had sexually abused children first emerged publicly in 1991, but Janner denied them and no action was taken. The accusations re-emerged shortly before Janner's death, and although the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) considered that there was enough evidence to merit prosecution,^[4] they decided that it would not be in the public interest as Janner had been diagnosed as suffering from dementia.^[5] This decision was overturned on review,^[6] although Janner was ruled unfit to plead. At the time of his death a trial of the facts had been scheduled for 11 April 2016,^[7] but was shelved following his death;^[8]^[9] six complainants intended to sue his estate.^[10] In a statement issued after the CPS decision in April 2015, his family said that Janner was innocent.^[11]

Early life

Janner was born in Cardiff, Wales, to Lithuanian Jewish (Litvak) parents, the son of Barnett Janner and Elsie Sybil, née Cohen.^[12] Janner and Ruth, his sister (later Lady Morris of Kenwood), were evacuated to Canada at the age of 11, because their parents anticipated a Nazi invasion of Britain.^[13]^[14] While in Canada, living with family friends, he attended Bishop's College School, Lennoxville, Quebec. Janner returned to Britain in 1942 and attended St Paul's School, London.^[14]

At the age of 18, he served in occupied Germany working for the War Crimes Investigation Unit of the British Army of the Rhine for 18 months. Janner investigated cases of British airmen who were shot at Stalag Luft III, the prisoner of war camp.^[15] At weekends, he worked with Holocaust survivors at Bergen-Belsen.^[16] The army unit was closed in 1948 to Janner's dismay.^[17]

Later, Janner read Law at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where he was President of the Cambridge Union Society, in 1952, and chairman of the university Labour Club. He became the international secretary of the National Association of Labour Students and president of Trinity Hall Athletic Club.^[18] Janner was able to attend Harvard Law School through both the Fulbright and Smith-Mundt Act awards.^[19]

After training, via a Harmsworth Scholarship at Middle Temple,^[14] he became a barrister in 1954 and was appointed a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1971.^[19]

Public career

House of Commons and Jewish causes

Having unsuccessfully fought Wimbledon in the 1955 General Election, Janner represented Leicester North West from the 1970 general election until February 1974, succeeding his father, Sir Barnett Janner, a former Chairman of the Zionist Federation of Great Britain. His father announced his retirement from the Commons two days before candidate nominations closed in 1970, and his son was quickly chosen in his place. Posters imploring electors to "Vote Janner" had already been printed, and thus did not need to be scrapped.^[14]

The younger Janner retained the reformed Leicester West from 1974 until his retirement at the 1997 general election.^[19]^[20] Janner chaired the Select Committee on Employment from 1994 to 1996.^[26] He lost this position because Conservative members of the committee acted against him. A potential conflict of interest existed as he was an advisor to firms the committee might investigate.^[3] He was succeeded in Leicester West by Patricia Hewitt.

Janner was president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews, the main representative body of the British Jewish community, from 1978 to 1984,^[20] and was a prominent campaigner in the efforts to gain reparations for victims of the Holocaust.^[19] In parliament, and outside, he was involved in campaigning for the War Crimes Act 1991, lobbying the Thatcher government to allow legislation to bring those responsible for Nazi atrocities (and now resident in Britain) to justice.^[18] He was also a vice-president of the World Jewish Congress^[19] until 2009 and of the Jewish Leadership Council until 2015.^[21]^[22] He was president of the National Council for Soviet Jewry (1979–85) and the Commonwealth Jewish Council.^[14]^[21]

In 1988 he co-founded the Holocaust Educational Trust with Merlyn Rees, a body which successfully persuaded the British government to add teaching about the Holocaust to the National Curriculum in 1988.^[23] Janner stood down from the role in 2012. The Lord Janner Scholarship provides funding for ten schools to take part in the Trust's educational programmes each year.^[24]

Janner sought to foster good relations between different faiths and religions and wrote about this issue in his book One Hand Alone Cannot Clap. He co-founded (along with Prince Hassan of Jordan) the Coexistence Trust, a charity to combat Islamophobia and antisemitism.

House of Lords

Janner was created a life peer as Baron Janner of Braunstone, of Leicester in the County of Leicestershire in 1997.^[25] He was President and an Officer of the All-Party Parliamentary Group against Anti-Semitism.^[26]^[27] Janner was associated with the Labour Friends of Israel and in 2002 backed Stephen Byers to be chairman.^[28]

In 2006, Janner was struck by Lord Bramall, a former head of the Armed Forces, during a heated row over the Middle East.^[29] In the incident, which occurred during the 2006 Lebanon War, the two men had disagreed in the House of Lords chamber after Bramall had made comments Janner considered too critical of Israel.^[13] Janner was hit in one of the rooms close to the chamber. Janner later sought the advice of fellow peers about how and whether to make a formal complaint against Lord Bramall, before deciding to accept an apology.^[30]

Janner continued to attend the House of Lords until December 2013. He was on leave of absence from the House of Lords from 13 October 2014.^[31]^[11]

Other

Janner wrote a number of books on public speaking and business communication, including On Presentation. In addition, he wrote extensively under the pen-name Ewan Mitchell. He was a former member of The Magic Circle and the International Brotherhood of Magicians.^[32]

Personal life

In 1955, Janner married Myra Louise Sheink, who was originally from Australia and the niece of Sir Israel Brodie, the former Chief Rabbi of Great Britain and the Commonwealth. The couple had three children: two daughters and a son.^[14]^[33]^[34] Myra Sheink died in 1996.^[20]

Lord Janner's younger daughter is Rabbi Laura Janner-Klausner, who was appointed Senior Rabbi to Reform Judaism in 2011.^[33]^[34]^[35] She is married to a brother of the Israeli writer Amos Oz.^[36] Marion Janner, his other daughter, was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to mental health in 2010.^[37] Daniel, his son, is a barrister and QC.^[38]^[39]

Illness and death

In 2009, Janner was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Its advancing severity meant that by 2015 he required round-the-clock care for his dementia.^[1]^[5] At a court hearing in August 2015, a medical specialist acting as a witness for the defence said that Janner was experiencing the early stages of Parkinson's disease.^[40] Janner died on 19 December 2015 from complications of Alzheimer's disease, aged 87.^[41]

Child sexual abuse allegations

Over the years, starting in 1991, specific allegations of sex abuse of children by Janner in the past—dating ultimately from at least 1955^[42]—were made to authorities. This did not lead to any official action, beyond Janner being questioned once, from the first allegations until 2015. After it was decided in 2015 that he should have been prosecuted earlier, the accusations were to be investigated in a "trial of the facts" in April 2016—Janner was deemed to be too ill for a criminal trial—but he died before this could happen, though his actions were included in a large inquiry into historical sex abuse.

Statements to Parliament in December 1991

In 1991, the director of a children's home in Leicestershire, Frank Beck, was convicted of child abuse over 13 years to 1986 and sentenced to five life terms. During the trial, Beck accused Janner of having abused a child, and a witness said that while he was in care Janner had abused him.^[43]^[44] Janner could not say that Beck was lying until after the trial, because it would have been in contempt of court.^[45]^[46]

Janner received cross-party support in the House of Commons after Beck's conviction. In a Commons statement, delivered on 2 December, he said there was "not a shred of truth" in the claims which had been made against him.^[43]^[47] In a debate on 3 December on the issue of contempt of court and third-parties being potentially defamed in court cases—essentially, according to another MP, dealing with the accusations against "an honoured colleague in the House"—Janner said he had received a letter from a former cellmate of Beck's, who had written that Beck was intent on implicating Janner as being responsible for criminal acts to "take the light off him [Beck]". Janner said that he had previously refused to provide Beck with references, and that Beck had "enlisted" the witness, Paul Winston, in an attempt to "frame" Janner.^[46]

Earlier police investigations and CPS decisions

Janner was interviewed by the police in 1991, when the prosecution case against Beck was being prepared. In the first of three previous investigations which did not lead to a prosecution, no charges were brought against the MP because of "insufficient evidence", although the CPS said in 2015 that Janner should have been tried.^[5] The 1991 interview was the only time Janner was interviewed by the police. Accompanied by his solicitor, Janner has been reported as having replied "no comment" to the questions put to him.^[48] Janner and his solicitor, Sir David Napley, were in contact with the barrister George Carman QC in anticipation of a defence brief needing to be prepared if Janner was put on trial.^[49] Carman and Napley were surprised no charges were brought against him because of the weight of evidence, according to Dominic Carman, the barrister's son.^[50]^[51]

Further police investigations took place in 2002 and 2006; documents relating to Janner were not passed to the Crown Prosecution Service after the 2002 investigation.^[5] The former Director of Public Prosecutions, Lord Macdonald, told The Guardian in April 2015 that the penultimate CPS decision not to prosecute Janner in 2007 was actually made by officials in Leicestershire who did not contact head office in London about the case.^[52]

In September 2014, The Times reported that Mike Creedon, currently the Chief Constable of Derbyshire Constabulary, claimed that in 1989, whilst he was serving as a Detective Sergeant, senior police chiefs severely limited his enquiries into paedophilia allegations against Janner, despite "credible evidence" that warranted further investigation.^[53]

Fourth investigation and original CPS decision

In 2013 and early 2014, Leicestershire Police searched Janner's home in north London and his offices in the House of Lords in connection with an enquiry linked to historical child abuse allegations. Janner insisted on his innocence.^[29]^[43]^[54] A file of evidence against Janner was sent to the Crown Prosecution Service, but he was not interviewed by the police.^[5]^[55]

On 16 April 2015, the Crown Prosecution Service issued a statement indicating that they would not charge Janner owing to his poor health.^[1] During Leicestershire Police's Operation Enamel more than 20 men were interviewed who claimed Janner had abused them before they were adults.^[56] The Crown Prosecution Service stated that the case met their evidential test for prosecution and they would have otherwise have prosecuted on 22 counts of indecent assaults and buggery, against nine persons which are alleged to have occurred between 1969 and 1988.^[5]

They decided that it failed the public interest test, as Janner was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2009 and the associated dementia had progressed to a point where he could not engage with the court process, and his evidence could not be relied upon. This meant that a court case could not proceed.^[1]^[5] Four specialist medical practitioners, two acting for the prosecution and police and two for the defence, have confirmed the severity of Janner's dementia.^[57] Just over a week later, it emerged that although the four doctors agreed Janner had severe dementia they were not unanimous on the six points listed in the CPS statement. Only one was asked if Janner could be faking the condition, a suggestion which was categorically dismissed.^[58]

Saunders told the London Evening Standard a week later: "My job is not to be populist. It’s not to make decisions on the basis of what people want. It’s about making the right decisions."^[61] On 16 April 2015, a few hours after the CPS decision, the Labour Party suspended Janner from membership of the party.^[1]

"Lord Janner is a man of great integrity and high repute with a long and unblemished record of public service", his family said in a statement issued at the time of the CPS decision in April 2015. "He is entirely innocent of any wrongdoing. As the Crown Prosecution Service indicated today, this decision [not to prosecute] does not mean or imply that any of the allegations that have been made are established or that Lord Janner is guilty of any offence."^[11]

Initial responses

After the announcement, Leicestershire Police, blamed in the CPS statement for past failures in the investigations into Janner's activities, said it was considering a request for a judicial review into the CPS decision. Solicitors representing alleged victims said that actions for damages against the peer were likely.^[48]

Lord Macdonald, the former DPP, told the Today programme on BBC Radio 4 on 18 April that a decision over whether to prosecute Janner should have been taken in court by a judge, rather than by the CPS, to remove any doubt that the most recent investigation had been carried out properly.^[62] The Exaro website revealed on the same day that Janner was being investigated as part of Operation Midland, the Metropolitan Police's investigation into the Westminster paedophile ring.^[63]

It emerged that during April, Janner had written to the House of Lords clerks indicating that he did not wish to cease being an active peer. John Mann, who was then campaigning to retain his Bassetlaw seat for Labour during the 2015 general election, told The Daily Telegraph that all the documents relating to the upper chamber's contact with Janner should be made public. "I don't see how you can sign a document relating to membership of the House of Lords if you have dementia", he said.^[64]

A cross-party letter co-ordinated by Simon Danczuk, a Labour politician, signed by 11 politicians from 7 parties, was published in The Times on 22 April. The signatories asserted: "As long as justice is not seen to be done and the greater public interest is not served, the public will see attempts to investigate establishment figures involved in historic child abuse as a whitewash."^[65]^[66] The legal commentator Joshua Rozenberg, writing for The Guardian, accused the politicians of not understanding the legal system. Critical of other decisions Saunders has made as DPP, he nevertheless agreed with her judgement in the Janner case and said she should "be commended for defending her Janner decision in unprecedented detail".^[57]

Subsequent developments

On 29 April 2015, Lowell Goddard, the New Zealand judge appointed to head the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse, announced that she would also investigate the Janner case.^[67] Goddard will have access to CPS files and the ability to interview Janner's alleged victims. Goddard was to review the medical evidence concerning Janner's fitness to stand trial, with the possibility that she might commission her own assessment, and question Janner if he had been declared medically fit.^[68]^[69]

In the new parliament elected on 7 May 2015, 78 MPs supported a call by the Exaro website for a reversal of the DPP's (Alison Saunders) decision and for the case to go to court in a 'trial of the facts'.^[70] This was the eventual ruling at the Old Bailey in December 2015, but Janner died soon afterwards, several months before the trial of the facts was scheduled to take place.

It emerged on 15 May 2015 that the CPS decision not to charge Lord Janner was being reviewed under the CPS Victims' Right to Review scheme by an external senior QC previously uninvolved in the case.^[71]^[72]

Overturning of the CPS decision

On 29 June 2015, it was reported the decision of the Director of Public Prosecutions not to prosecute Janner had been overturned by David Perry, the QC appointed to make a review of the CPS decision in April. A judge was now to decide if Janner was fit to stand a criminal trial.^[73] The case was considered at Westminster Magistrates' Court on 7 August; the court ruled that Janner must attend the preliminary hearing, if only briefly.^[74] Janner was in court for less than a minute on 14 August to identify himself.^[75] The next hearing was at the Old Bailey on 1 September; Janner was not required to appear.^[6]^[76]^[77]

On 7 December 2015, it was ruled at the Old Bailey that Janner was unfit to stand trial.^[7] The presiding judge, Mr Justice Openshaw, summarised his decision based on the evidence from four medical experts: "The defendant has advanced and disabling dementia that has deteriorated and is irreversible, and accordingly I find that he is unfit to plead." A trial of the facts was scheduled to take place in April 2016, at which a jury would have heard the evidence and come to a conclusion about Janner's alleged abuse, but would not have been able to decide Janner's innocence or guilt.^[78]

Posthumous developments

Janner died on 19 December 2015, and criminal proceedings against him ended with his death.^[9]^[8]^[121] Old Bailey judge Mr Justice Openshaw said in January 2016: "There is nothing more to be said. That's the end of the proceedings, that the defendant is dead". Liz Dux, a solicitor for six of Janner's alleged abuse victims, said that claims against the estate would be made in the civil courts.^[10] However, in March 2017 three of the claimants dropped their civil suits followed by six more in May, signalling an end to all civil actions against his estate.^[79]^[80] In an interview with The Times the Janner family declared “Our father’s reputation as a man who devoted his life to good has been restored.” His son Daniel Janner stated “These false accusers, having dropped their claim because they risk being cross-examined, can no longer form the basis of this strand. Accordingly, the existence of this strand undermines the integrity of the important work of the inquiry.”^[81]

On 15 January 2016, further allegations of abuse were made by twelve former residents of children's homes; Janner had regularly visited homes in Leicestershire in the 1970s and 1980s.^[82] The BBC had traced and interviewed dozens of men and women who lived at Leicestershire children's homes in that period. It had also "spoken to council officials, social workers, police officers and journalists involved" in the Frank Beck investigation. Solicitors were representing at least 20 men and one woman, including the 12 residents of children's homes, who say Janner had abused them.^[82] Police have said they have information from 25 alleged victims.^[82]

The report of the retired High Court judge Sir Richard Henriques concerning the earlier investigations of allegations made against Janner was published in January 2016.^[83] The CPS and Leicestershire police were again criticised in his independent report, and he concluded that there had been sufficient evidence to make probable a successful prosecution of Janner in 1991, 2002 and 2007.^[84]

In 1991, the police had not checked if Janner had shared a hotel room with a 14-year-old boy (known as "Complainant 1"), and had only made "extremely limited" checks at the children's home where he lived.^[83] It was found two decades later that the child had attended a wedding with the Janner family, and that film footage existed of his presence.^[85] The 2002 investigation was connected with allegations of historic abuse at a children's home, in which a former resident made accusations against Janner: "The failure to forward Complainant 2’s statement to the CPS for charging advice is remarkable", Henriques wrote.^[85] Leicestershire police should have passed the file about the 2002 investigation on to the CPS (as the CPS had admitted), and Henriquez advocated this inaction be investigated by the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC).^[60]

The Independent Inquiry Into Child Sexual Abuse announced on 16 November 2016 that it was delaying its hearings into Janner due to a "significant overlap" between its investigation and the criminal proceedings, which could cause prejudice in court.^[86]

Books

The books up to 1968 are listed in Who's Who 1974, London: A. & C. Black, 1974, p. 1708

Arms

References

1. ^¹²³⁴[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leicestershire-32329924 "Lord Janner will not face child sex abuse charges, CPS says"], BBC News, 16 April 2015
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35321257|title=Janner criminal abuse case ends|date=15 January 2016|via=www.bbc.com}}
3. ^¹{{cite news|last=Bates|first=Stephen|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/dec/19/greville-janner-obituary|title=Greville Janner obituary|work=The Guardian|date=19 December 2015|accessdate=20 December 2015}}
4. ^Rajeev Syal [https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/apr/16/lord-janner-no-trial-abuse-claims "Lord Janner will not face trial over abuse claims"], The Guardian (London), 16 April 2015
5. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸{{cite web|title=The decision not to prosecute Lord Janner – statement from the DPP|url=http://blog.cps.gov.uk/2015/04/the-decision-not-to-prosecute-lord-janner-statement-from-the-dpp.html|website=Crown Prosecution Service|publisher=Crown Prosecution Service|accessdate=16 April 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416145609/http://blog.cps.gov.uk/2015/04/the-decision-not-to-prosecute-lord-janner-statement-from-the-dpp.html|archivedate=16 April 2015|df=dmy-all}}
6. ^¹{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34118718|title=Date fixed for Lord Janner hearing|publisher=BBC News|date=1 September 2015|accessdate=3 September 2015}}
7. ^¹{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/dec/07/lord-janner-found-unfit-stand-trial-alleged-sex-offences|title=Lord Janner found unfit to stand trial for alleged sex offences|publisher=The Guardian|date=7 December 2015|accessdate=7 December 2015}}
8. ^¹{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jan/05/lord-janner-case-cps-crown-prosecution-service-confusion |title=The Lord Janner case is dogged by the CPS's confusion |newspaper=The Guardian |date=5 January 2016 |author= Joshua Rozenberg|accessdate= 5 January 2016}} Citing Blackstone’s Criminal Practice: "evidence of a defendant's death ... renders the indictment of no legal effect."
9. ^¹{{Cite web|title = Lord Janner: Criminal proceedings over abuse claims end|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35321257|website = BBC News|date=15 January 2016|access-date = 15 January 2016}}
10. ^¹{{cite news |url=http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/Politics/article1647492.ece |title=Lord Janner, 87, dies but victims’ claims live on |last=Gillespie |first=James |last2=Griffiths |first2=Sian |publisher=The Sunday Times |date=20 December 2015 |page=15}} {{subscription required}}
11. ^¹²{{cite news|last=O’Neill|first=Sean|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/uk/crime/article4414193.ece|title=Janner was pillar of the Jewish community, say family|work=The Times|location=London|date=17 April 2015|accessdate=20 December 2015}} {{subscription required}}
12. ^Michael Freedland [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-elsie-janner-1415240.html "Obituary: Elsie Janner"], The Independent, 21 July 1994.
13. ^¹{{cite news|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/obituaries/article4646091.ece|title=Lord Janner of Braunstone|work=The Times|location=London|date=20 December 2015|accessdate=20 December 2015}} {{subscription required}}
14. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite news|last=Dalyell|first=Tam|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/lord-janner-of-braunstone-politician-who-fought-for-good-causes-but-whose-career-was-overshadowed-by-a6782201.html|title=Lord Janner of Braunstone: Politician who fought for good causes but whose career was overshadowed by allegations of child abuse|work=The Independent|date=21 December 2015|accessdate=22 December 2015}}
15. ^Greville Janner [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/nov/09/secondworldwar.comment "A message to war criminals"], The Guardian', 9 November 2005.
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://hmd.org.uk/resources/stories/greville-janner|title=Podcasts – Greville Janner|author=Greville Janner|year=2013|publisher=Holocaust Memorial Day Trust|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209192544/http://hmd.org.uk/resources/stories/greville-janner|archivedate=9 February 2014}} (mp3)
17. ^Greville Janner [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/6701603/John-Demjanjuk-trial-we-mustnt-draw-a-line-under-crimes-of-the-Holocaust.html "John Demjanjuk trial: we mustn't draw a line under crimes of the Holocaust"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 1 December 2009
18. ^¹{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/12060572/Lord-Janner-of-Braunstone-obituary.html|title=Lord Janner of Braunstone - obituary|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=20 December 2015|accessdate=20 December 2015}}
19. ^¹²³⁴Lord Janner of Braunstone QC; Honorary Vice-Presidents, World Jewish Congress, World Jewish Congress. Retrieved 26 July 2009
20. ^¹²{{cite news|last=Walton|first=Gregory|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews%20/crime/11542289/Lord-Greville-Janner-Profile.html|title=Lord Greville Janner: Profile|work=The Daily Telegraph|location=London|date=16 April 2015}}
21. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://www.thejlc.org/author/gjanner/ |title=Lord Janner QC |publisher=Jewish Leadership Council |accessdate=8 July 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416113022/http://www.thejlc.org/author/gjanner/ |archivedate=16 April 2015 |dead-url=no}}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thejlc.org/about-us/the-jlcs-structure/vice-presidents/ |title=Vice Presidents |publisher=Jewish Leadership Council |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326111109/http://www.thejlc.org/about-us/the-jlcs-structure/vice-presidents/ |archivedate=26 March 2015}}
23. ^Jennifer Lipman "Britain is full of people fighting hatred. We are lucky to live here", The Jewish Chronicle, 7 September 2012
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.het.org.uk/index.php/news-general?id=222|title=Holocaust Educational Trust honours champions of Holocaust Education|work=Holocaust Educational Trust|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925023159/http://www.het.org.uk/index.php/news-general?id=222|archivedate=25 September 2014|df=dmy-all}}
25. ^{{London Gazette |issue=54933 |date=29 October 1997 |page=1}}
26. ^Never Again | PCAA Foundationhttp://www.antisemitism.org.uk/never-again/
27. ^http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN04409.pdf
28. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/byers-tipped-for-jewish-lobby-job-172119.html|title=Byers tipped for Jewish lobby job|publisher=Independent|date=4 August 2002}}
29. ^¹{{cite news |title=Lord Greville Janner's home searched as part of child sex investigations, say police |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/10529864/Lord-Greville-Janners-home-searched-as-part-of-child-sex-investigations-say-police.html |accessdate=15 December 2014 |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=20 December 2013}}
30. ^{{cite news |title=War hero, 82, hits fellow peer in Lords |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/war-hero-82-hits-fellow-peer-in-lords-7086753.html |accessdate=15 December 2014 |work=London Evening Standard |date=27 August 2006}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/biographies/lords/lord-janner-of-braunstone/880|title=Lord Janner of Braunstone|work=UK Parliament}}
32. ^Biography – Greville Janner – Lord Janner of Braunstone QC {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205002003/http://www.grevillejanner.org.uk/biography.html |date=5 February 2012 }} GrevilleJanner.org.uk
33. ^¹Doreen Wachman "Profile: Reform greeting for the new Chief Rabbi", Jewish Telegraph, 2012
34. ^¹Jessica Elgot "How Britain's Only Female Head Of Faith Took On The Religious Establishment, And Won", The Huffington Post, 17 November 2014
35. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thejc.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-features/52328/laura-janner-klausner-why-im-not-reform-rival-chief-rabbi|title=Laura Janner-Klausner: Why I'm not the Reform rival to the Chief Rabbi|author= Rocker, Simon|work=The Jewish Chronicle|date=28 July 2011|accessdate= 1 November 2012}}
36. ^{{cite web|title=Rabbi Laura Janner-Klausner in the Times|url=http://news.reformjudaism.org.uk/from-the-movement-rabbi/rabbi-laura-janner-klausner-in-the-times.html|publisher=Movement for Reform Judaism|accessdate=2 June 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310232101/http://news.reformjudaism.org.uk/from-the-movement-rabbi/rabbi-laura-janner-klausner-in-the-times.html|archivedate=10 March 2014|df=dmy-all}}
37. ^Robyn Rosen "Marion Janner (and Buddy) collect OBE", The Jewish Chronicle, 12 February 2010
38. ^Frances Gibb [https://blogs.thetimes.co.uk/section/law-central/31226/tax-barrister-stands-for-bnp/ "Tax barrister stands for BNP"], The Times (Law Central blog), 23 March 2010
39. ^{{cite web|title=Daniel Janner QC|url=http://www.23es.com/people/daniel-janner/|publisher=23 Essex Street|accessdate=14 August 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222092158/http://www.23es.com/people/daniel-janner/|archivedate=22 December 2015|df=dmy-all}}
40. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/main-topics/general-news/janner-ordered-to-face-court-next-week-on-child-sex-charges-1-7398192|title=Janner ordered to face court next week on child sex charges|work=Yorkshire Post|date=7 August 2015|accessdate=7 August 2015}}
41. ^{{cite news|title=Lord Janner dies, aged 87, after long illness|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-35142675|accessdate=19 December 2015|work=BBC News|date=19 December 2015}}
42. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35765395 |title=Janner sexually abused children for 33 years, public inquiry hears|newspaper=BBC News|date=9 March 2016 |author= |accessdate= 9 March 2016}}
43. ^¹²Peachey, Paul [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/police-investigating-child-abuse-search-peer-greville-janners-home-9019061.html "Police investigating child abuse search peer Greville Janner's home"], The Independent (London), 20 December 2013
44. ^Marcus Dysch "Lord Janner ‘unfit’ to stand trial over child abuse allegations", The Jewish Chronicle, 16 April 2015
45. ^Andy McSmith [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/greville-janner-how-mps-rallied-to-defence-of-a-man-unfairly-put-through-hell-by-a-wicked-slur-10183177.html "Greville Janner: How MPs rallied to defence of Labour peer 'unfairly put through hell by a wicked slur'"], The Independent (London), 16 April 2015.
46. ^¹This issue was raised in a House of Commons debate about contempt of court and third parties (those not involved in court cases) on 3 December 1991. See "Contempt of Court", Hansard, HC Deb 3 December 1991 vol 200 cc223-42
47. ^This quote is from "Child Abuse (Leicestershire)", Hansard, HC Deb, 2 December 1991, vol 200 cc23-9,.24–25
48. ^¹Rajeev Syal and Sandra Laville [https://www.theguardian.com/law/2015/apr/16/lord-janner-will-not-be-charged-despite-evidence-of-child-abuse "Police consider challenge to CPS ruling not to charge Janner over abuse allegations"], The Guardian (London), 16 April 2015
49. ^Rayner, Jay [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/apr/19/establishment-stopped-me-exposing-greville-janner-25-years-ago "I saw up close how an establishment closed ranks over the Janner affair"], The Observer (London), 18 April 2015
50. ^Joe Mills "Judge who reviewed Lord Janner child sex abuse case was friend of peer's barrister", IB Times, 25 April 2015
51. ^"Lord Janner's lawyer 'thought peer would face child abuse charges'", ITV News, 27 April 2015
52. ^Rajeev Syal, Sandra Laville and Josh Halliday [https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/17/lord-janner-child-abuse-allegations-were-not-passed-to-me-former-dpp-says "Lord Janner child abuse allegations were not passed to me, former DPP says"], The Guardian (London), 17 April 2015
53. ^{{cite news|last=O'Neill|first=Sean|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/politics/article4217138.ece|title=Child sex inquiry into MP 'blocked by senior police'|work=The Times|location=London|date=25 September 2014}} {{subscription required}}
54. ^{{cite news |title=Office at Lords is searched by police |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/uk/office-at-lords-is-searched-by-police-30375402.html |work=The Belfast Telegraph |date=22 June 2014}}
55. ^[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leicestershire-27225553 "Lord Janner evidence considered in child abuse probe"], BBC News, 30 April 2014
56. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11540872/Child-abuse-case-dropped-against-Labour-peer-for-second-time.html "Child abuse case dropped against Labour peer for second time"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 15 April 2015
57. ^¹Joshua Rozenberg [https://www.theguardian.com/law/2015/apr/22/critics-of-lord-janner-decision-misunderstand-justice-system "Critics of Lord Janner decision misunderstand justice system"], The Guardian (London), 22 April 2015
58. ^Tim Wood and Mark Conrad Lord Janner: DPP faces fresh doubts about medical evidence", Exaro, 25 April 2015
59. ^Sandra Laville [https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/16/lord-janner-not-prosecute-anger-campaigners "Lord Janner: CPS fails to take chance to atone for failures of the past"], The Guardian (London), 16 April 2015
60. ^¹{{cite news|last=Syal|first=Rajeev|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/jan/19/lord-janner-escaped-prosecution-due-to-cps-and-police-failings-report-finds|title=Lord Janner escaped prosecution due to CPS and police failings, report finds|work=The Guardian|date=19 January 2016|accessdate=19 January 2016}}
61. ^Martin Bentham [https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/exclusive-first-full-interview-with-dpp-alison-saunders-on-her-decision-not-to-charge-lord-janner-over-child-sex-10197890.html "EXCLUSIVE: First full interview with DPP Alison Saunders on her decision not to charge Lord Janner over child sex"], London Evening Standard, 23 April 2015
62. ^Damien Gayle [https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/18/lord-janner-trial-decision-court-director-public-prosecution-former-dpp "Lord Janner child abuse claims: 'trial was decision for court'"], The Guardian (London), 18 April 2015
63. ^Mark Conrad "Lord Janner: Met probes ex-MP over 'VIP paedophile network'" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419012158/http://www.exaronews.com/articles/5544/lord-janner-met-probes-ex-mp-over-vip-paedophile-network |date=19 April 2015 }}, Exaro, 18 April 2015
64. ^David Barrett [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/child-protection/11548510/Lord-Greville-Janner-CPS-could-face-legal-challenge.html "Lord Greville Janner: CPS could face legal challenge"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 19 April 2015
65. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/11553894/Decision-not-to-prosecute-Lord-Janner-will-be-seen-as-a-whitewash-politicians-warn.html "Decision not to prosecute Lord Janner will be seen as a 'whitewash', politicians warn"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 22 April 2015
66. ^"Letter Urges Prosecution Against Lord Janner", Sky News, 22 April 2015
67. ^Barrett, David [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11570712/Child-abuse-inquiry-to-investigate-Lord-Greville-Janner-allegations.html "Child abuse inquiry to investigate Lord Greville Janner allegations"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 29 April 2015
68. ^Halliday, Josh [https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/29/child-abuse-inquiry-judge-lowell-goddard-investigate-lord-janner-allegations "Child abuse inquiry judge to investigate Lord Janner allegations"], The Guardian (London), 29 April 2015
69. ^[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-32515196 "Goddard abuse inquiry to review Lord Janner case"], BBC News, 29 April 2015
70. ^Mark Watts, Mark Conrad and Alex Varley-Winter ""New Parliament: DPP has it wrong on Lord Janner, say 78 MPs"", Exaro News, 9 May 2015
71. ^Rajeev Syal [https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/may/15/cps-decision-not-prosecute-lord-janner-under-review "CPS decision not to prosecute Lord Janner under review"], The Guardian, 15 May 2015
72. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11609845/CPS-grants-Lord-Janner-review.html "CPS grants Lord Janner review"], The Telegraph, 15 May 2015
73. ^{{cite news|title=Lord Janner faces historical sex abuse prosecution|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-33310095|accessdate=29 June 2015|publisher=BBC News|date=29 June 2015}}
74. ^{{cite news|last=Syal|first=Rajeev|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/aug/07/lord-janner-fails-to-appear-in-court-for-hearing-on-child-abuse-charges|title=Lord Janner ordered to attend court on child abuse charges despite dementia|work=The Guardian|date=7 August 2015|accessdate=7 August 2015}}
75. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-33931860|title=Lord Janner appears at London court on child sex abuse charges|publisher=BBC News|date=14 August 2015|accessdate=14 August 2015}}
76. ^{{cite news|last=Grierson|first=Jamie|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/aug/28/lord-janner-old-bailey-child-abuse-charges|title=Lord Janner will not be forced to attend court to face child abuse charges|work=The Guardian|date=28 August 2015|accessdate=29 August 2015}}
77. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11837285/Lord-Janner-to-face-trial-over-historic-sex-abuse-charges-in-new-year.html|title=Lord Janner to face trial over historic sex abuse charges in new year|work=Daily Telegraph|date=1 September 2015|accessdate=3 September 2015}}
78. ^{{cite news|title=Lord Janner unfit to stand trial, judge rules|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35027705|accessdate=7 December 2015|publisher=BBC News|date=7 December 2015}}
79. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/~/article-4549698/index.html|title=Lord Janner legal case collapses after six men drop claims|date=28 May 2017|website=Mail Online}}
80. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/28/lord-janner-sex-abuse-case-collapses-six-claimants-abandon-legal/|title=Lord Janner sex abuse case 'collapses' as six more claimants abandon legal action|first=Henry|last=Bodkin|date=28 May 2017|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}}
81. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/janner-accusers-drop-all-claims-of-historical-abuse-dnw70b6nm|title=Lord Janner accusers drop all claims of historical abuse|first=George|last=Sandeman|date=29 May 2017|via=www.thetimes.co.uk}}
82. ^¹²³{{cite news|last1=Symonds|first1=Tom|last2=Simone|first2=Daniel De|last3=Titheradge|first3=Noel|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35304528|title=Lord Janner 'abused 12 at children's homes'|publisher=BBC News|date=15 January 2016|accessdate=10 January 2016}}
83. ^¹{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35352809|title=Lord Janner: Chances missed to prosecute, says inquiry|publisher=BBC News|date=19 January 2016|accessdate=19 January 2016}}
84. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1625568/three-missed-chances-to-prosecute-janner|title=Three 'Missed Chances' To Prosecute Janner|publisher=Sky News|date=19 January 2016|accessdate=19 January 2016}}
85. ^¹{{cite news|last=Barrett|first=David|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/12107660/Lord-Janner-CPS-and-police-were-wrong-not-to-prosecute-earlier-says-official-report.html|title=Lord Janner: CPS and police were 'wrong' not to prosecute earlier, says official report|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=19 January 2016|accessdate=19 January 2016}}
86. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-38000909|title=Child sex abuse inquiry: Late Lord Janner hearings delayed|date=16 November 2016|publisher=BBC News|access-date=17 November 2016}}
87. ^http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/online/content/lp1958%20j.htm

词条	Greville Janner
释义	Early life Public career House of Commons and Jewish causes House of Lords Other Personal life Illness and death Child sexual abuse allegations Statements to Parliament in December 1991 Earlier police investigations and CPS decisions Fourth investigation and original CPS decision Initial responses Subsequent developments Overturning of the CPS decision Posthumous developments Books Arms References External links {{EngvarB\|date=April 2015}}{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2016}}{{Infobox MP \| image = Lord janner.jpg \| caption = Janner in 2009 \| honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable \| name = The Lord Janner of Braunstone \| honorific-suffix = QC \|office = Member of the House of Lords \| term_start = 25 October 1997 \| term_end = 19 December 2015 \| office1 = Member of Parliament for Leicester West \| parliament = \| majority = \| predecessor1 = Constituency recreated Barnett Janner (1950) \| successor1 = Patricia Hewitt \| term_start1 = 28 February 1974 \| term_end1 = 1 May 1997 \| office2 = Member of Parliament for Leicester North West \| parliament1 = \| majority1 = \| predecessor2 = Barnett Janner \| successor2 = Constituency abolished \| term_start2 = 18 June 1970 \| term_end2 = 28 February 1974 \|birth_name=Greville Ewan Janner \| birth_date = {{Birth date\|df=yes\|1928\|07\|11}} \| birth_place = Cardiff, Wales \| death_date = {{death date and age \|df=yes\|2015\|12\|19\|1928\|07\|11}} \| death_place = London, England \| nationality = British \| spouse = Myra Sheink (m. 1955–1996) \| children = 3 \| party = Labour (suspended April 2015)^[1] \| relations = \| education = St Paul's School, London \| alma_mater = Trinity Hall, Cambridge Harvard Law School \| occupation = \| profession = Barrister \| religion = Reform Judaism \| signature = \| website = \| footnotes = }} Greville Ewan Janner, Baron Janner of Braunstone, QC (11 July 1928 – 19 December 2015) was a British politician, barrister and writer who was alleged to have abused vulnerable children^[2]—he died before court proceedings could formally establish the facts. He became a Leicester Labour MP in the 1970 general election as a last-minute candidate, succeeding his father. He was an MP until 1997, and then elevated to the House of Lords. Never a frontbencher, Janner was particularly known for his work on Select Committees; he chaired the Select Committee on Employment for a time.^[3] He was associated with a number of Jewish organisations including the Board of Deputies of British Jews, of which he was chairman from 1978 to 1984, and was later prominent in the field of education about the Holocaust. Allegations that he had sexually abused children first emerged publicly in 1991, but Janner denied them and no action was taken. The accusations re-emerged shortly before Janner's death, and although the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) considered that there was enough evidence to merit prosecution,^[4] they decided that it would not be in the public interest as Janner had been diagnosed as suffering from dementia.^[5] This decision was overturned on review,^[6] although Janner was ruled unfit to plead. At the time of his death a trial of the facts had been scheduled for 11 April 2016,^[7] but was shelved following his death;^[8]^[9] six complainants intended to sue his estate.^[10] In a statement issued after the CPS decision in April 2015, his family said that Janner was innocent.^[11] Early life Janner was born in Cardiff, Wales, to Lithuanian Jewish (Litvak) parents, the son of Barnett Janner and Elsie Sybil, née Cohen.^[12] Janner and Ruth, his sister (later Lady Morris of Kenwood), were evacuated to Canada at the age of 11, because their parents anticipated a Nazi invasion of Britain.^[13]^[14] While in Canada, living with family friends, he attended Bishop's College School, Lennoxville, Quebec. Janner returned to Britain in 1942 and attended St Paul's School, London.^[14] At the age of 18, he served in occupied Germany working for the War Crimes Investigation Unit of the British Army of the Rhine for 18 months. Janner investigated cases of British airmen who were shot at Stalag Luft III, the prisoner of war camp.^[15] At weekends, he worked with Holocaust survivors at Bergen-Belsen.^[16] The army unit was closed in 1948 to Janner's dismay.^[17] Later, Janner read Law at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where he was President of the Cambridge Union Society, in 1952, and chairman of the university Labour Club. He became the international secretary of the National Association of Labour Students and president of Trinity Hall Athletic Club.^[18] Janner was able to attend Harvard Law School through both the Fulbright and Smith-Mundt Act awards.^[19] After training, via a Harmsworth Scholarship at Middle Temple,^[14] he became a barrister in 1954 and was appointed a Queen's Counsel (QC) in 1971.^[19] Public career House of Commons and Jewish causes Having unsuccessfully fought Wimbledon in the 1955 General Election, Janner represented Leicester North West from the 1970 general election until February 1974, succeeding his father, Sir Barnett Janner, a former Chairman of the Zionist Federation of Great Britain. His father announced his retirement from the Commons two days before candidate nominations closed in 1970, and his son was quickly chosen in his place. Posters imploring electors to "Vote Janner" had already been printed, and thus did not need to be scrapped.^[14] The younger Janner retained the reformed Leicester West from 1974 until his retirement at the 1997 general election.^[19]^[20] Janner chaired the Select Committee on Employment from 1994 to 1996.^[26] He lost this position because Conservative members of the committee acted against him. A potential conflict of interest existed as he was an advisor to firms the committee might investigate.^[3] He was succeeded in Leicester West by Patricia Hewitt. Janner was president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews, the main representative body of the British Jewish community, from 1978 to 1984,^[20] and was a prominent campaigner in the efforts to gain reparations for victims of the Holocaust.^[19] In parliament, and outside, he was involved in campaigning for the War Crimes Act 1991, lobbying the Thatcher government to allow legislation to bring those responsible for Nazi atrocities (and now resident in Britain) to justice.^[18] He was also a vice-president of the World Jewish Congress^[19] until 2009 and of the Jewish Leadership Council until 2015.^[21]^[22] He was president of the National Council for Soviet Jewry (1979–85) and the Commonwealth Jewish Council.^[14]^[21] In 1988 he co-founded the Holocaust Educational Trust with Merlyn Rees, a body which successfully persuaded the British government to add teaching about the Holocaust to the National Curriculum in 1988.^[23] Janner stood down from the role in 2012. The Lord Janner Scholarship provides funding for ten schools to take part in the Trust's educational programmes each year.^[24] Janner sought to foster good relations between different faiths and religions and wrote about this issue in his book One Hand Alone Cannot Clap. He co-founded (along with Prince Hassan of Jordan) the Coexistence Trust, a charity to combat Islamophobia and antisemitism. House of Lords Janner was created a life peer as Baron Janner of Braunstone, of Leicester in the County of Leicestershire in 1997.^[25] He was President and an Officer of the All-Party Parliamentary Group against Anti-Semitism.^[26]^[27] Janner was associated with the Labour Friends of Israel and in 2002 backed Stephen Byers to be chairman.^[28] In 2006, Janner was struck by Lord Bramall, a former head of the Armed Forces, during a heated row over the Middle East.^[29] In the incident, which occurred during the 2006 Lebanon War, the two men had disagreed in the House of Lords chamber after Bramall had made comments Janner considered too critical of Israel.^[13] Janner was hit in one of the rooms close to the chamber. Janner later sought the advice of fellow peers about how and whether to make a formal complaint against Lord Bramall, before deciding to accept an apology.^[30] Janner continued to attend the House of Lords until December 2013. He was on leave of absence from the House of Lords from 13 October 2014.^[31]^[11] Other Janner wrote a number of books on public speaking and business communication, including On Presentation. In addition, he wrote extensively under the pen-name Ewan Mitchell. He was a former member of The Magic Circle and the International Brotherhood of Magicians.^[32] Personal life In 1955, Janner married Myra Louise Sheink, who was originally from Australia and the niece of Sir Israel Brodie, the former Chief Rabbi of Great Britain and the Commonwealth. The couple had three children: two daughters and a son.^[14]^[33]^[34] Myra Sheink died in 1996.^[20] Lord Janner's younger daughter is Rabbi Laura Janner-Klausner, who was appointed Senior Rabbi to Reform Judaism in 2011.^[33]^[34]^[35] She is married to a brother of the Israeli writer Amos Oz.^[36] Marion Janner, his other daughter, was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to mental health in 2010.^[37] Daniel, his son, is a barrister and QC.^[38]^[39] Illness and death In 2009, Janner was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Its advancing severity meant that by 2015 he required round-the-clock care for his dementia.^[1]^[5] At a court hearing in August 2015, a medical specialist acting as a witness for the defence said that Janner was experiencing the early stages of Parkinson's disease.^[40] Janner died on 19 December 2015 from complications of Alzheimer's disease, aged 87.^[41] Child sexual abuse allegations Over the years, starting in 1991, specific allegations of sex abuse of children by Janner in the past—dating ultimately from at least 1955^[42]—were made to authorities. This did not lead to any official action, beyond Janner being questioned once, from the first allegations until 2015. After it was decided in 2015 that he should have been prosecuted earlier, the accusations were to be investigated in a "trial of the facts" in April 2016—Janner was deemed to be too ill for a criminal trial—but he died before this could happen, though his actions were included in a large inquiry into historical sex abuse. Statements to Parliament in December 1991 In 1991, the director of a children's home in Leicestershire, Frank Beck, was convicted of child abuse over 13 years to 1986 and sentenced to five life terms. During the trial, Beck accused Janner of having abused a child, and a witness said that while he was in care Janner had abused him.^[43]^[44] Janner could not say that Beck was lying until after the trial, because it would have been in contempt of court.^[45]^[46] Janner received cross-party support in the House of Commons after Beck's conviction. In a Commons statement, delivered on 2 December, he said there was "not a shred of truth" in the claims which had been made against him.^[43]^[47] In a debate on 3 December on the issue of contempt of court and third-parties being potentially defamed in court cases—essentially, according to another MP, dealing with the accusations against "an honoured colleague in the House"—Janner said he had received a letter from a former cellmate of Beck's, who had written that Beck was intent on implicating Janner as being responsible for criminal acts to "take the light off him [Beck]". Janner said that he had previously refused to provide Beck with references, and that Beck had "enlisted" the witness, Paul Winston, in an attempt to "frame" Janner.^[46] Earlier police investigations and CPS decisions Janner was interviewed by the police in 1991, when the prosecution case against Beck was being prepared. In the first of three previous investigations which did not lead to a prosecution, no charges were brought against the MP because of "insufficient evidence", although the CPS said in 2015 that Janner should have been tried.^[5] The 1991 interview was the only time Janner was interviewed by the police. Accompanied by his solicitor, Janner has been reported as having replied "no comment" to the questions put to him.^[48] Janner and his solicitor, Sir David Napley, were in contact with the barrister George Carman QC in anticipation of a defence brief needing to be prepared if Janner was put on trial.^[49] Carman and Napley were surprised no charges were brought against him because of the weight of evidence, according to Dominic Carman, the barrister's son.^[50]^[51] Further police investigations took place in 2002 and 2006; documents relating to Janner were not passed to the Crown Prosecution Service after the 2002 investigation.^[5] The former Director of Public Prosecutions, Lord Macdonald, told The Guardian in April 2015 that the penultimate CPS decision not to prosecute Janner in 2007 was actually made by officials in Leicestershire who did not contact head office in London about the case.^[52] In September 2014, The Times reported that Mike Creedon, currently the Chief Constable of Derbyshire Constabulary, claimed that in 1989, whilst he was serving as a Detective Sergeant, senior police chiefs severely limited his enquiries into paedophilia allegations against Janner, despite "credible evidence" that warranted further investigation.^[53] Fourth investigation and original CPS decision In 2013 and early 2014, Leicestershire Police searched Janner's home in north London and his offices in the House of Lords in connection with an enquiry linked to historical child abuse allegations. Janner insisted on his innocence.^[29]^[43]^[54] A file of evidence against Janner was sent to the Crown Prosecution Service, but he was not interviewed by the police.^[5]^[55] On 16 April 2015, the Crown Prosecution Service issued a statement indicating that they would not charge Janner owing to his poor health.^[1] During Leicestershire Police's Operation Enamel more than 20 men were interviewed who claimed Janner had abused them before they were adults.^[56] The Crown Prosecution Service stated that the case met their evidential test for prosecution and they would have otherwise have prosecuted on 22 counts of indecent assaults and buggery, against nine persons which are alleged to have occurred between 1969 and 1988.^[5] They decided that it failed the public interest test, as Janner was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2009 and the associated dementia had progressed to a point where he could not engage with the court process, and his evidence could not be relied upon. This meant that a court case could not proceed.^[1]^[5] Four specialist medical practitioners, two acting for the prosecution and police and two for the defence, have confirmed the severity of Janner's dementia.^[57] Just over a week later, it emerged that although the four doctors agreed Janner had severe dementia they were not unanimous on the six points listed in the CPS statement. Only one was asked if Janner could be faking the condition, a suggestion which was categorically dismissed.^[58] Alison Saunders, the Director of Public Prosecutions, stated that the earlier decisions made by police and the CPS not to prosecute were wrong.^[5]^[59] A retired High Court judge, Sir Richard Henriques, was appointed to carry out an independent investigation of all matters involving the CPS which related to the case.^[5] Henriques report was published in January 2016 (see below).^[60] Saunders told the London Evening Standard a week later: "My job is not to be populist. It’s not to make decisions on the basis of what people want. It’s about making the right decisions."^[61] On 16 April 2015, a few hours after the CPS decision, the Labour Party suspended Janner from membership of the party.^[1] "Lord Janner is a man of great integrity and high repute with a long and unblemished record of public service", his family said in a statement issued at the time of the CPS decision in April 2015. "He is entirely innocent of any wrongdoing. As the Crown Prosecution Service indicated today, this decision [not to prosecute] does not mean or imply that any of the allegations that have been made are established or that Lord Janner is guilty of any offence."^[11] Initial responses After the announcement, Leicestershire Police, blamed in the CPS statement for past failures in the investigations into Janner's activities, said it was considering a request for a judicial review into the CPS decision. Solicitors representing alleged victims said that actions for damages against the peer were likely.^[48] Lord Macdonald, the former DPP, told the Today programme on BBC Radio 4 on 18 April that a decision over whether to prosecute Janner should have been taken in court by a judge, rather than by the CPS, to remove any doubt that the most recent investigation had been carried out properly.^[62] The Exaro website revealed on the same day that Janner was being investigated as part of Operation Midland, the Metropolitan Police's investigation into the Westminster paedophile ring.^[63] It emerged that during April, Janner had written to the House of Lords clerks indicating that he did not wish to cease being an active peer. John Mann, who was then campaigning to retain his Bassetlaw seat for Labour during the 2015 general election, told The Daily Telegraph that all the documents relating to the upper chamber's contact with Janner should be made public. "I don't see how you can sign a document relating to membership of the House of Lords if you have dementia", he said.^[64] A cross-party letter co-ordinated by Simon Danczuk, a Labour politician, signed by 11 politicians from 7 parties, was published in The Times on 22 April. The signatories asserted: "As long as justice is not seen to be done and the greater public interest is not served, the public will see attempts to investigate establishment figures involved in historic child abuse as a whitewash."^[65]^[66] The legal commentator Joshua Rozenberg, writing for The Guardian, accused the politicians of not understanding the legal system. Critical of other decisions Saunders has made as DPP, he nevertheless agreed with her judgement in the Janner case and said she should "be commended for defending her Janner decision in unprecedented detail".^[57] Subsequent developments On 29 April 2015, Lowell Goddard, the New Zealand judge appointed to head the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse, announced that she would also investigate the Janner case.^[67] Goddard will have access to CPS files and the ability to interview Janner's alleged victims. Goddard was to review the medical evidence concerning Janner's fitness to stand trial, with the possibility that she might commission her own assessment, and question Janner if he had been declared medically fit.^[68]^[69] In the new parliament elected on 7 May 2015, 78 MPs supported a call by the Exaro website for a reversal of the DPP's (Alison Saunders) decision and for the case to go to court in a 'trial of the facts'.^[70] This was the eventual ruling at the Old Bailey in December 2015, but Janner died soon afterwards, several months before the trial of the facts was scheduled to take place. It emerged on 15 May 2015 that the CPS decision not to charge Lord Janner was being reviewed under the CPS Victims' Right to Review scheme by an external senior QC previously uninvolved in the case.^[71]^[72] Overturning of the CPS decision On 29 June 2015, it was reported the decision of the Director of Public Prosecutions not to prosecute Janner had been overturned by David Perry, the QC appointed to make a review of the CPS decision in April. A judge was now to decide if Janner was fit to stand a criminal trial.^[73] The case was considered at Westminster Magistrates' Court on 7 August; the court ruled that Janner must attend the preliminary hearing, if only briefly.^[74] Janner was in court for less than a minute on 14 August to identify himself.^[75] The next hearing was at the Old Bailey on 1 September; Janner was not required to appear.^[6]^[76]^[77] On 7 December 2015, it was ruled at the Old Bailey that Janner was unfit to stand trial.^[7] The presiding judge, Mr Justice Openshaw, summarised his decision based on the evidence from four medical experts: "The defendant has advanced and disabling dementia that has deteriorated and is irreversible, and accordingly I find that he is unfit to plead." A trial of the facts was scheduled to take place in April 2016, at which a jury would have heard the evidence and come to a conclusion about Janner's alleged abuse, but would not have been able to decide Janner's innocence or guilt.^[78] Posthumous developments Janner died on 19 December 2015, and criminal proceedings against him ended with his death.^[9]^[8]^[121] Old Bailey judge Mr Justice Openshaw said in January 2016: "There is nothing more to be said. That's the end of the proceedings, that the defendant is dead". Liz Dux, a solicitor for six of Janner's alleged abuse victims, said that claims against the estate would be made in the civil courts.^[10] However, in March 2017 three of the claimants dropped their civil suits followed by six more in May, signalling an end to all civil actions against his estate.^[79]^[80] In an interview with The Times the Janner family declared “Our father’s reputation as a man who devoted his life to good has been restored.” His son Daniel Janner stated “These false accusers, having dropped their claim because they risk being cross-examined, can no longer form the basis of this strand. Accordingly, the existence of this strand undermines the integrity of the important work of the inquiry.”^[81] On 15 January 2016, further allegations of abuse were made by twelve former residents of children's homes; Janner had regularly visited homes in Leicestershire in the 1970s and 1980s.^[82] The BBC had traced and interviewed dozens of men and women who lived at Leicestershire children's homes in that period. It had also "spoken to council officials, social workers, police officers and journalists involved" in the Frank Beck investigation. Solicitors were representing at least 20 men and one woman, including the 12 residents of children's homes, who say Janner had abused them.^[82] Police have said they have information from 25 alleged victims.^[82] The report of the retired High Court judge Sir Richard Henriques concerning the earlier investigations of allegations made against Janner was published in January 2016.^[83] The CPS and Leicestershire police were again criticised in his independent report, and he concluded that there had been sufficient evidence to make probable a successful prosecution of Janner in 1991, 2002 and 2007.^[84] In 1991, the police had not checked if Janner had shared a hotel room with a 14-year-old boy (known as "Complainant 1"), and had only made "extremely limited" checks at the children's home where he lived.^[83] It was found two decades later that the child had attended a wedding with the Janner family, and that film footage existed of his presence.^[85] The 2002 investigation was connected with allegations of historic abuse at a children's home, in which a former resident made accusations against Janner: "The failure to forward Complainant 2’s statement to the CPS for charging advice is remarkable", Henriques wrote.^[85] Leicestershire police should have passed the file about the 2002 investigation on to the CPS (as the CPS had admitted), and Henriquez advocated this inaction be investigated by the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC).^[60] The Independent Inquiry Into Child Sexual Abuse announced on 16 November 2016 that it was delaying its hearings into Janner due to a "significant overlap" between its investigation and the criminal proceedings, which could cause prejudice in court.^[86] Books The books up to 1968 are listed in Who's Who 1974, London: A. & C. Black, 1974, p. 1708 (1962) Farming and the Law, Business Books (1962) The Lawyer and his World', Business Books (1962) The Businessman's Lawyer and Legal Lexicon (1963) The Retailer's Lawyer, Business Books (1963) All You Need To Know about the Law, Business Books (1964) Motorists : Know Your Law, Business Books (1964) You and the Law, Business Books (1964) The Personnel Manager's Lawyer and Employer's Guide to the Law, Business Books (1965) Your Factory and the Law, Business Books (1966) The Sales Executive's Lawyer, Business Books (1966) Your Property and the Law, Business Books (1968) The Director's Lawyer, Business Books (1978) The Motorist's Lawyer, Royal Automobile Club (1979) Product Liability, Random House Business Books (1985) Janner's Complete Letterwriter (1986) On Meetings, Gower Publishing (1989) On Chairing, Gower Publishing (1989) On Presentation, Random House Business Books (1991) How to Win Meetings, Gower Publishing (1998) One Hand Alone Cannot Clap: Arab Israeli Universe, Robson Books (2003) Janner's Speechmaker, Thorogood (2003) To Life! The Memoirs of Greville Janner, Sutton Publishing (foreword by Tony Blair) (2008) Jewish Parliamentarians (with Derek Taylor) Arms {{Infobox COA wide \|image = \|escutcheon = Paly of four Vert and Gules a Pile terminating in a Triangle interlaced with a Triangle reversed between two Piles each terminating in a Fleur-de-lys Argent \|crest = A Hippopotamus statant Gules in the mouth an Orchid Argent \|supporters = On either side a Rabbit sejant erect Argent that on the dexter gorged with a Plain Collar and holding in the interior paw a Top Hat Gules and that on the sinister gorged with a Plain Collar Vert and holding in the exterior paw a Sword point upwards Argent Hilt Pommel and Quillons Vert \|motto = A Triangle the point flory Gules interlaced with a Triangle reversed the points flory Vert ^[87]}} References 1. ^¹²³⁴[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leicestershire-32329924 "Lord Janner will not face child sex abuse charges, CPS says"], BBC News, 16 April 2015 2. ^{{cite web\|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-35321257\|title=Janner criminal abuse case ends\|date=15 January 2016\|via=www.bbc.com}} 3. ^¹{{cite news\|last=Bates\|first=Stephen\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/dec/19/greville-janner-obituary\|title=Greville Janner obituary\|work=The Guardian\|date=19 December 2015\|accessdate=20 December 2015}} 4. ^Rajeev Syal [https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/apr/16/lord-janner-no-trial-abuse-claims "Lord Janner will not face trial over abuse claims"], The Guardian (London), 16 April 2015 5. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷⁸{{cite web\|title=The decision not to prosecute Lord Janner – statement from the DPP\|url=http://blog.cps.gov.uk/2015/04/the-decision-not-to-prosecute-lord-janner-statement-from-the-dpp.html\|website=Crown Prosecution Service\|publisher=Crown Prosecution Service\|accessdate=16 April 2015\|deadurl=yes\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416145609/http://blog.cps.gov.uk/2015/04/the-decision-not-to-prosecute-lord-janner-statement-from-the-dpp.html\|archivedate=16 April 2015\|df=dmy-all}} 6. ^¹{{cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-34118718\|title=Date fixed for Lord Janner hearing\|publisher=BBC News\|date=1 September 2015\|accessdate=3 September 2015}} 7. ^¹{{cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/dec/07/lord-janner-found-unfit-stand-trial-alleged-sex-offences\|title=Lord Janner found unfit to stand trial for alleged sex offences\|publisher=The Guardian\|date=7 December 2015\|accessdate=7 December 2015}} 8. ^¹{{cite web \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jan/05/lord-janner-case-cps-crown-prosecution-service-confusion \|title=The Lord Janner case is dogged by the CPS's confusion \|newspaper=The Guardian \|date=5 January 2016 \|author= Joshua Rozenberg\|accessdate= 5 January 2016}} Citing Blackstone’s Criminal Practice: "evidence of a defendant's death ... renders the indictment of no legal effect." 9. ^¹{{Cite web\|title = Lord Janner: Criminal proceedings over abuse claims end\|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35321257\|website = BBC News\|date=15 January 2016\|access-date = 15 January 2016}} 10. ^¹{{cite news \|url=http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/Politics/article1647492.ece \|title=Lord Janner, 87, dies but victims’ claims live on \|last=Gillespie \|first=James \|last2=Griffiths \|first2=Sian \|publisher=The Sunday Times \|date=20 December 2015 \|page=15}} {{subscription required}} 11. ^¹²{{cite news\|last=O’Neill\|first=Sean\|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/uk/crime/article4414193.ece\|title=Janner was pillar of the Jewish community, say family\|work=The Times\|location=London\|date=17 April 2015\|accessdate=20 December 2015}} {{subscription required}} 12. ^Michael Freedland [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-elsie-janner-1415240.html "Obituary: Elsie Janner"], The Independent, 21 July 1994. 13. ^¹{{cite news\|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/obituaries/article4646091.ece\|title=Lord Janner of Braunstone\|work=The Times\|location=London\|date=20 December 2015\|accessdate=20 December 2015}} {{subscription required}} 14. ^¹²³⁴⁵{{cite news\|last=Dalyell\|first=Tam\|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/lord-janner-of-braunstone-politician-who-fought-for-good-causes-but-whose-career-was-overshadowed-by-a6782201.html\|title=Lord Janner of Braunstone: Politician who fought for good causes but whose career was overshadowed by allegations of child abuse\|work=The Independent\|date=21 December 2015\|accessdate=22 December 2015}} 15. ^Greville Janner [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/nov/09/secondworldwar.comment "A message to war criminals"], The Guardian', 9 November 2005. 16. ^{{cite web\|url=http://hmd.org.uk/resources/stories/greville-janner\|title=Podcasts – Greville Janner\|author=Greville Janner\|year=2013\|publisher=Holocaust Memorial Day Trust\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209192544/http://hmd.org.uk/resources/stories/greville-janner\|archivedate=9 February 2014}} (mp3) 17. ^Greville Janner [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/6701603/John-Demjanjuk-trial-we-mustnt-draw-a-line-under-crimes-of-the-Holocaust.html "John Demjanjuk trial: we mustn't draw a line under crimes of the Holocaust"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 1 December 2009 18. ^¹{{cite news\|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/12060572/Lord-Janner-of-Braunstone-obituary.html\|title=Lord Janner of Braunstone - obituary\|work=The Daily Telegraph\|date=20 December 2015\|accessdate=20 December 2015}} 19. ^¹²³⁴Lord Janner of Braunstone QC; Honorary Vice-Presidents, World Jewish Congress, World Jewish Congress. Retrieved 26 July 2009 20. ^¹²{{cite news\|last=Walton\|first=Gregory\|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews%20/crime/11542289/Lord-Greville-Janner-Profile.html\|title=Lord Greville Janner: Profile\|work=The Daily Telegraph\|location=London\|date=16 April 2015}} 21. ^¹²{{cite web \|url=http://www.thejlc.org/author/gjanner/ \|title=Lord Janner QC \|publisher=Jewish Leadership Council \|accessdate=8 July 2015 \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150416113022/http://www.thejlc.org/author/gjanner/ \|archivedate=16 April 2015 \|dead-url=no}} 22. ^{{cite web \|url=http://www.thejlc.org/about-us/the-jlcs-structure/vice-presidents/ \|title=Vice Presidents \|publisher=Jewish Leadership Council \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326111109/http://www.thejlc.org/about-us/the-jlcs-structure/vice-presidents/ \|archivedate=26 March 2015}} 23. ^Jennifer Lipman "Britain is full of people fighting hatred. We are lucky to live here", The Jewish Chronicle, 7 September 2012 24. ^{{cite web\|url=http://www.het.org.uk/index.php/news-general?id=222\|title=Holocaust Educational Trust honours champions of Holocaust Education\|work=Holocaust Educational Trust\|deadurl=yes\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925023159/http://www.het.org.uk/index.php/news-general?id=222\|archivedate=25 September 2014\|df=dmy-all}} 25. ^{{London Gazette \|issue=54933 \|date=29 October 1997 \|page=1}} 26. ^Never Again \| PCAA Foundationhttp://www.antisemitism.org.uk/never-again/ 27. ^http://www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/SN04409.pdf 28. ^{{cite web\|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/byers-tipped-for-jewish-lobby-job-172119.html\|title=Byers tipped for Jewish lobby job\|publisher=Independent\|date=4 August 2002}} 29. ^¹{{cite news \|title=Lord Greville Janner's home searched as part of child sex investigations, say police \|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/10529864/Lord-Greville-Janners-home-searched-as-part-of-child-sex-investigations-say-police.html \|accessdate=15 December 2014 \|work=The Daily Telegraph \|location=London \|date=20 December 2013}} 30. ^{{cite news \|title=War hero, 82, hits fellow peer in Lords \|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/war-hero-82-hits-fellow-peer-in-lords-7086753.html \|accessdate=15 December 2014 \|work=London Evening Standard \|date=27 August 2006}} 31. ^{{cite web\|url=http://www.parliament.uk/biographies/lords/lord-janner-of-braunstone/880\|title=Lord Janner of Braunstone\|work=UK Parliament}} 32. ^Biography – Greville Janner – Lord Janner of Braunstone QC {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205002003/http://www.grevillejanner.org.uk/biography.html \|date=5 February 2012 }} GrevilleJanner.org.uk 33. ^¹Doreen Wachman "Profile: Reform greeting for the new Chief Rabbi", Jewish Telegraph, 2012 34. ^¹Jessica Elgot "How Britain's Only Female Head Of Faith Took On The Religious Establishment, And Won", The Huffington Post, 17 November 2014 35. ^{{cite news\|url=http://www.thejc.com/lifestyle/lifestyle-features/52328/laura-janner-klausner-why-im-not-reform-rival-chief-rabbi\|title=Laura Janner-Klausner: Why I'm not the Reform rival to the Chief Rabbi\|author= Rocker, Simon\|work=The Jewish Chronicle\|date=28 July 2011\|accessdate= 1 November 2012}} 36. ^{{cite web\|title=Rabbi Laura Janner-Klausner in the Times\|url=http://news.reformjudaism.org.uk/from-the-movement-rabbi/rabbi-laura-janner-klausner-in-the-times.html\|publisher=Movement for Reform Judaism\|accessdate=2 June 2014\|deadurl=yes\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310232101/http://news.reformjudaism.org.uk/from-the-movement-rabbi/rabbi-laura-janner-klausner-in-the-times.html\|archivedate=10 March 2014\|df=dmy-all}} 37. ^Robyn Rosen "Marion Janner (and Buddy) collect OBE", The Jewish Chronicle, 12 February 2010 38. ^Frances Gibb [https://blogs.thetimes.co.uk/section/law-central/31226/tax-barrister-stands-for-bnp/ "Tax barrister stands for BNP"], The Times (Law Central blog), 23 March 2010 39. ^{{cite web\|title=Daniel Janner QC\|url=http://www.23es.com/people/daniel-janner/\|publisher=23 Essex Street\|accessdate=14 August 2015\|deadurl=yes\|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222092158/http://www.23es.com/people/daniel-janner/\|archivedate=22 December 2015\|df=dmy-all}} 40. ^{{cite news\|url=http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/main-topics/general-news/janner-ordered-to-face-court-next-week-on-child-sex-charges-1-7398192\|title=Janner ordered to face court next week on child sex charges\|work=Yorkshire Post\|date=7 August 2015\|accessdate=7 August 2015}} 41. ^{{cite news\|title=Lord Janner dies, aged 87, after long illness\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-35142675\|accessdate=19 December 2015\|work=BBC News\|date=19 December 2015}} 42. ^{{cite web \|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35765395 \|title=Janner sexually abused children for 33 years, public inquiry hears\|newspaper=BBC News\|date=9 March 2016 \|author= \|accessdate= 9 March 2016}} 43. ^¹²Peachey, Paul [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/police-investigating-child-abuse-search-peer-greville-janners-home-9019061.html "Police investigating child abuse search peer Greville Janner's home"], The Independent (London), 20 December 2013 44. ^Marcus Dysch "Lord Janner ‘unfit’ to stand trial over child abuse allegations", The Jewish Chronicle, 16 April 2015 45. ^Andy McSmith [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/greville-janner-how-mps-rallied-to-defence-of-a-man-unfairly-put-through-hell-by-a-wicked-slur-10183177.html "Greville Janner: How MPs rallied to defence of Labour peer 'unfairly put through hell by a wicked slur'"], The Independent (London), 16 April 2015. 46. ^¹This issue was raised in a House of Commons debate about contempt of court and third parties (those not involved in court cases) on 3 December 1991. See "Contempt of Court", Hansard, HC Deb 3 December 1991 vol 200 cc223-42 47. ^This quote is from "Child Abuse (Leicestershire)", Hansard, HC Deb, 2 December 1991, vol 200 cc23-9,.24–25 48. ^¹Rajeev Syal and Sandra Laville [https://www.theguardian.com/law/2015/apr/16/lord-janner-will-not-be-charged-despite-evidence-of-child-abuse "Police consider challenge to CPS ruling not to charge Janner over abuse allegations"], The Guardian (London), 16 April 2015 49. ^Rayner, Jay [https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/apr/19/establishment-stopped-me-exposing-greville-janner-25-years-ago "I saw up close how an establishment closed ranks over the Janner affair"], The Observer (London), 18 April 2015 50. ^Joe Mills "Judge who reviewed Lord Janner child sex abuse case was friend of peer's barrister", IB Times, 25 April 2015 51. ^"Lord Janner's lawyer 'thought peer would face child abuse charges'", ITV News, 27 April 2015 52. ^Rajeev Syal, Sandra Laville and Josh Halliday [https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/17/lord-janner-child-abuse-allegations-were-not-passed-to-me-former-dpp-says "Lord Janner child abuse allegations were not passed to me, former DPP says"], The Guardian (London), 17 April 2015 53. ^{{cite news\|last=O'Neill\|first=Sean\|url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/politics/article4217138.ece\|title=Child sex inquiry into MP 'blocked by senior police'\|work=The Times\|location=London\|date=25 September 2014}} {{subscription required}} 54. ^{{cite news \|title=Office at Lords is searched by police \|url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/uk/office-at-lords-is-searched-by-police-30375402.html \|work=The Belfast Telegraph \|date=22 June 2014}} 55. ^[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-leicestershire-27225553 "Lord Janner evidence considered in child abuse probe"], BBC News, 30 April 2014 56. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11540872/Child-abuse-case-dropped-against-Labour-peer-for-second-time.html "Child abuse case dropped against Labour peer for second time"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 15 April 2015 57. ^¹Joshua Rozenberg [https://www.theguardian.com/law/2015/apr/22/critics-of-lord-janner-decision-misunderstand-justice-system "Critics of Lord Janner decision misunderstand justice system"], The Guardian (London), 22 April 2015 58. ^Tim Wood and Mark Conrad Lord Janner: DPP faces fresh doubts about medical evidence", Exaro, 25 April 2015 59. ^Sandra Laville [https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/16/lord-janner-not-prosecute-anger-campaigners "Lord Janner: CPS fails to take chance to atone for failures of the past"], The Guardian (London), 16 April 2015 60. ^¹{{cite news\|last=Syal\|first=Rajeev\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/jan/19/lord-janner-escaped-prosecution-due-to-cps-and-police-failings-report-finds\|title=Lord Janner escaped prosecution due to CPS and police failings, report finds\|work=The Guardian\|date=19 January 2016\|accessdate=19 January 2016}} 61. ^Martin Bentham [https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/exclusive-first-full-interview-with-dpp-alison-saunders-on-her-decision-not-to-charge-lord-janner-over-child-sex-10197890.html "EXCLUSIVE: First full interview with DPP Alison Saunders on her decision not to charge Lord Janner over child sex"], London Evening Standard, 23 April 2015 62. ^Damien Gayle [https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/18/lord-janner-trial-decision-court-director-public-prosecution-former-dpp "Lord Janner child abuse claims: 'trial was decision for court'"], The Guardian (London), 18 April 2015 63. ^Mark Conrad "Lord Janner: Met probes ex-MP over 'VIP paedophile network'" {{webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419012158/http://www.exaronews.com/articles/5544/lord-janner-met-probes-ex-mp-over-vip-paedophile-network \|date=19 April 2015 }}, Exaro, 18 April 2015 64. ^David Barrett [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/child-protection/11548510/Lord-Greville-Janner-CPS-could-face-legal-challenge.html "Lord Greville Janner: CPS could face legal challenge"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 19 April 2015 65. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/11553894/Decision-not-to-prosecute-Lord-Janner-will-be-seen-as-a-whitewash-politicians-warn.html "Decision not to prosecute Lord Janner will be seen as a 'whitewash', politicians warn"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 22 April 2015 66. ^"Letter Urges Prosecution Against Lord Janner", Sky News, 22 April 2015 67. ^Barrett, David [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11570712/Child-abuse-inquiry-to-investigate-Lord-Greville-Janner-allegations.html "Child abuse inquiry to investigate Lord Greville Janner allegations"], The Daily Telegraph (London), 29 April 2015 68. ^Halliday, Josh [https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/29/child-abuse-inquiry-judge-lowell-goddard-investigate-lord-janner-allegations "Child abuse inquiry judge to investigate Lord Janner allegations"], The Guardian (London), 29 April 2015 69. ^[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-32515196 "Goddard abuse inquiry to review Lord Janner case"], BBC News, 29 April 2015 70. ^Mark Watts, Mark Conrad and Alex Varley-Winter ""New Parliament: DPP has it wrong on Lord Janner, say 78 MPs"", Exaro News, 9 May 2015 71. ^Rajeev Syal [https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/may/15/cps-decision-not-prosecute-lord-janner-under-review "CPS decision not to prosecute Lord Janner under review"], The Guardian, 15 May 2015 72. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11609845/CPS-grants-Lord-Janner-review.html "CPS grants Lord Janner review"], The Telegraph, 15 May 2015 73. ^{{cite news\|title=Lord Janner faces historical sex abuse prosecution\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-33310095\|accessdate=29 June 2015\|publisher=BBC News\|date=29 June 2015}} 74. ^{{cite news\|last=Syal\|first=Rajeev\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/aug/07/lord-janner-fails-to-appear-in-court-for-hearing-on-child-abuse-charges\|title=Lord Janner ordered to attend court on child abuse charges despite dementia\|work=The Guardian\|date=7 August 2015\|accessdate=7 August 2015}} 75. ^{{cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-33931860\|title=Lord Janner appears at London court on child sex abuse charges\|publisher=BBC News\|date=14 August 2015\|accessdate=14 August 2015}} 76. ^{{cite news\|last=Grierson\|first=Jamie\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/aug/28/lord-janner-old-bailey-child-abuse-charges\|title=Lord Janner will not be forced to attend court to face child abuse charges\|work=The Guardian\|date=28 August 2015\|accessdate=29 August 2015}} 77. ^{{cite news\|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/11837285/Lord-Janner-to-face-trial-over-historic-sex-abuse-charges-in-new-year.html\|title=Lord Janner to face trial over historic sex abuse charges in new year\|work=Daily Telegraph\|date=1 September 2015\|accessdate=3 September 2015}} 78. ^{{cite news\|title=Lord Janner unfit to stand trial, judge rules\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35027705\|accessdate=7 December 2015\|publisher=BBC News\|date=7 December 2015}} 79. ^{{cite web\|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/~/article-4549698/index.html\|title=Lord Janner legal case collapses after six men drop claims\|date=28 May 2017\|website=Mail Online}} 80. ^{{cite web\|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/28/lord-janner-sex-abuse-case-collapses-six-claimants-abandon-legal/\|title=Lord Janner sex abuse case 'collapses' as six more claimants abandon legal action\|first=Henry\|last=Bodkin\|date=28 May 2017\|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}} 81. ^{{cite web\|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/janner-accusers-drop-all-claims-of-historical-abuse-dnw70b6nm\|title=Lord Janner accusers drop all claims of historical abuse\|first=George\|last=Sandeman\|date=29 May 2017\|via=www.thetimes.co.uk}} 82. ^¹²³{{cite news\|last1=Symonds\|first1=Tom\|last2=Simone\|first2=Daniel De\|last3=Titheradge\|first3=Noel\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35304528\|title=Lord Janner 'abused 12 at children's homes'\|publisher=BBC News\|date=15 January 2016\|accessdate=10 January 2016}} 83. ^¹{{cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-35352809\|title=Lord Janner: Chances missed to prosecute, says inquiry\|publisher=BBC News\|date=19 January 2016\|accessdate=19 January 2016}} 84. ^{{cite news\|url=http://news.sky.com/story/1625568/three-missed-chances-to-prosecute-janner\|title=Three 'Missed Chances' To Prosecute Janner\|publisher=Sky News\|date=19 January 2016\|accessdate=19 January 2016}} 85. ^¹{{cite news\|last=Barrett\|first=David\|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/law-and-order/12107660/Lord-Janner-CPS-and-police-were-wrong-not-to-prosecute-earlier-says-official-report.html\|title=Lord Janner: CPS and police were 'wrong' not to prosecute earlier, says official report\|work=The Daily Telegraph\|date=19 January 2016\|accessdate=19 January 2016}} 86. ^{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-38000909\|title=Child sex abuse inquiry: Late Lord Janner hearings delayed\|date=16 November 2016\|publisher=BBC News\|access-date=17 November 2016}} 87. ^http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/online/content/lp1958%20j.htm External links {{s-start}}{{s-par\|uk}}{{s-bef \| before=Sir Barnett Janner }}{{s-ttl \| years=1970–1974 \| title=Member of Parliament for Leicester North West }}{{s-non \| reason = Constituency abolished }}{{s-new \| constituency}}{{s-ttl \| title=Member of Parliament for Leicester West \| years=1974–1997 }}{{s-aft \| after=Patricia Hewitt}}{{s-end}}{{BDBJ}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Janner, Greville}} 31 : 1928 births\|2015 deaths\|Alumni of Trinity Hall, Cambridge\|Ashkenazi Jews\|British people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent\|Child sexual abuse in England\|Deaths from Alzheimer's disease\|Disease-related deaths in England\|English Queen's Counsel\|Harvard Law School alumni\|Janner family\|Jewish British politicians\|Labour Friends of Israel\|Labour Party (UK) life peers\|Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies\|People educated at St Paul's School, London\|Political sex scandals in the United Kingdom\|Politicians from Cardiff\|Politicians from Leicester\|Presidents of the Board of Deputies of British Jews\|Presidents of The Cambridge Union\|UK MPs 1970–74\|UK MPs 1974\|UK MPs 1974–79\|UK MPs 1979–83\|UK MPs 1983–87\|UK MPs 1987–92\|UK MPs 1992–97\|Welsh barristers\|Welsh Jews\|Welsh people of Lithuanian descent
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