| 词条 | Guayanilla, Puerto Rico |
| 释义 |
| name = Guayanilla | official_name = | native_name = Municipio de Guayanilla | native_name_lang = es | settlement_type = Town and Municipality | image_skyline = Guayanilla Sea.jpg | imagesize = 300px | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = Flag of Guayanilla.svg | flag_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nicknames ="Tierra de Agüeybaná", "Los Corre en Yegua", "Capital Taina" | motto = | anthem = "Guayanillenses, cantemos unidos" | image_map = Locator map Puerto Rico Guayanilla.png | mapsize = 300px | map_alt = | map_caption = Location of Guayanilla in Puerto Rico | coordinates = {{coord|18|01|09|N|66|47|31|W|region:US-PR|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = United States | subdivision_type1 = Territory | subdivision_name1 = Puerto Rico | established_title = Founded | established_date = February 27, 1833 | founder = | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = PPD | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Nelson Torres Yordán | leader_title1 = Senatorial dist. | leader_name1 = 5 - Ponce | leader_title2 = Representative dist. | leader_name2 = Precinct 58 | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = 1 E9 | area_total_km2 = 109.9 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 49 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 21581 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = Guayanillenses | population_note = | timezone1 = AST | utc_offset1 = −4 | postal_code_type = Zip code | postal_code = 00656 | area_code_type = Area code | area_code = | iso_code = | blank_name = FIPS code | blank_info = 72-32307[1] | blank1_name = GNIS feature ID | blank1_info = 1610861[2] | website = | footnotes = }} Guayanilla ({{IPA-es|ɡwaʝaˈniʎa}}) is a municipality of Puerto Rico (U.S.) located in southern coast of the island, bordering the Caribbean Sea, south of Adjuntas, east of Yauco; and west of Peñuelas and about {{Convert|12|mi}} west of Ponce. Guayanilla is spread over 16 wards and Guayanilla Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the Yauco Metropolitan Statistical Area. HistoryGuayanilla was founded by Puerto Rican criollos. The original name was Guadianilla in memory of a river of the same name in Spain. However, it was changed to Guayanilla to resemble a native word in the Taíno dialect. The name Guayanilla is derived from a combination of Guaynia and Santa Maria de Guadianilla. The first Europeans settled in this area in 1511. In 1756, Yauco was founded as a town. Then Guayanilla was a borough of Yauco. Due to the very fertile lands and access to the local port where most of the local commerce occurred, Guayanilla became an important agricultural center, grew quickly, and was established as a separate municipality on February 27, 1833 by Governor Miguel de la Torre. Roanoke Colonists{{Further|Roanoke Colony}}On April 27, 1584, Sir Walter Raleigh dispatched an expedition led by Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe to explore the Eastern coast of North America. They arrived on Roanoke Island on July 4,[3]{{rp|32}} and soon established relations with the local natives, the Secotans and Croatoans. Barlowe returned to England with two Croatans named Manteo and Wanchese, who were able to describe the politics and geography of the area to Raleigh.[3]{{rp|44–45}} Based on this information, Raleigh organized a second expedition, to be led by Sir Richard Grenville, Raleigh's distant cousin. Grenville's fleet departed Plymouth on April 9, 1585, with five main ships: the Tiger (Grenville's), the Roebuck, the Red Lion, the Elizabeth, and the Dorothy. Unfortunately, a severe storm off the coast of Portugal separated the Tiger from the rest of the fleet.[3]{{rp|57}} The captains had a contingency plan if they were separated, which was to meet up again in Puerto Rico, and the Tiger arrived in the "Baye of Muskito"[4] (Guayanilla Bay) on May 11. While waiting for the other ships, Grenville established relations with the Spanish there while simultaneously engaging in some privateering against them,[3]{{rp|62}} and also built a fort. The Elizabeth arrived soon after the fort's construction.[5]{{rp|91}} Eventually, Grenville tired of waiting for the remaining ships, and departed on June 7. The fort was abandoned, and its location remains unknown. GeographyGuayanilla[6] is located on the southern coast. The coastline forms the Guayanilla Bay, one of the best natural harbors in Puerto Rico, to the south, also. The nearest city is Ponce, which is {{Convert|12|miles}} to the east. The northern regions are bordered by mountains that reach {{Convert|3300|feet}}. In the central regions, the terrain descends where it does not exceed 1,410 feet (430 m). Finally in the coastal plain, the elevations do not exceed {{Convert|951|feet}}. The Yauco, Guayanilla, and Macaná rivers all run through the municipality. The Yauco River briefly runs through the Boca borough, where its exit into the Caribbean Sea and accompanying marshlands are located. Hurricane MariaHurricane Maria on September 20, 2017 triggered numerous landslides in Guayanilla with the significant amount of rain that fell.[7][8]BarriosLike all municipalities of Puerto Rico, Guayanilla is subdivided into barrios.[9][10] (The population of each is shown in parenthesis.) {{div col|colwidth=15em}}
Tourism
EconomyIndustryThe main industries in Guayanilla are the manufacturing of petrochemicals and the production of electricity by thermoelectrical plants. Guayanilla produces over half of Puerto Rico's electricity. The breakdown of occupations are as follows: {{div col}}
DemographicsAccording to the Census in 2000, 99.2% Hispanic of any race. 65.5% white, 11.1% black, 19.3% mixed, 5.1% other. There are 7,209 households out of which 40.9% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.3% are married couples living together, 21.7% have a female householder with no husband present, and 16.4% are non-families. 15.2% live alone, and 7.1% live alone and are over 65 years of age. The average household size is 3.19, and the average family size is 3.55. The age distribution of the population is 30.0% under the age of 18, 11.8% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% over 65. The median age is 31 years. The median income for a household is $11,361, and the median income for a family is $13,187. The per capita income for the city is $5,954. 57.0% of the population and 54.9% of the families are below the poverty line. Government{{See also|Mayoralty in Puerto Rico}}Like all municipalities in Puerto Rico, Guayanilla is administered by a mayor. The current mayor is Nelson Torres Yordán, from the Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico (PPD). The city belongs to the Puerto Rico Senatorial district V, which is represented by two Senators. In 2012, Ramón Ruiz and Martín Vargas Morales, from the Popular Democratic Party, were elected as District Senators.[11] TransportationThere are 35 bridges in Guayanilla.[12] SymbolsThe Nazario Collection, a set of inscribed stones discovered by Catholic priest and amateur archeologist José M. Nazario (and which popular culture links to taíno high chief Agüeybaná II), has become a cultural symbol for the municipality. The statuettes serve as the center piece of Guayanilla's Father Nazario Museum of Lithic Epigraphy. See also{{Portal|Puerto Rico|Geography}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=2013-09-11 |df= }} 2. ^{{cite web | url = {{gnis3|1610861}} | title = Guayanilla – Populated Place | work = Geographic Names Information System | publisher = USGS | accessdate = 2008-05-13 }} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last=Quinn|first=David B.|title=Set Fair for Roanoke: Voyages and Colonies, 1584–1606|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DvA0Az4owikC|accessdate=3 June 2011|date=February 1985|publisher=UNC Press Books|isbn=978-0-8078-4123-5}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/fora/forteachers/teacher-handbook-to-roanoke-revisited.htm|title=Teacher Handbook to Roanoke Revisited|work=Fort Raleigh National Historic Site|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=10 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111134625/http://www.nps.gov/fora/forteachers/teacher-handbook-to-roanoke-revisited.htm|archive-date=2012-01-11|dead-url=no|df=}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Milton|first=Giles|title=Big Chief Elizabeth: The Adventures and Fate of the First English Colonists in America|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2KOxKem5utIC&pg=PA91|accessdate=10 July 2011|date=2001-10-19|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-0-312-42018-5}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://enciclopediapr.org/en/encyclopedia/guayanilla-municipality/|title=Guayanilla Municipality - Municipalities - EnciclopediaPR|publisher=Fundación Puertorriqueña de las Humanidades (FPH) }} 7. ^{{cite web |title=Preliminary Locations of Landslide Impacts from Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico |url=https://landslides.usgs.gov/research/featured/2017/maria-pr/ |website=USGS Landslide Hazards Program |publisher=USGS}} 8. ^{{cite web |title=Preliminary Locations of Landslide Impacts from Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico |url=https://landslides.usgs.gov/research/featured/2017/maria-pr/images/PR_Maria_LS_density_map.pdf |website=USGS Landslide Hazards Program |publisher=USGS}} 9. ^{{cite book|author=Gwillim Law|title=Administrative Subdivisions of Countries: A Comprehensive World Reference, 1900 through 1998|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nXCeCQAAQBAJ|accessdate=25 December 2018|date=20 May 2015|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-0447-3|page=300}} 10. ^{{Cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324204920/http://welcome.topuertorico.org/maps/guayanilla.pdf |title=Map of Guayanilla at the Wayback Machine|access-date=2018-12-29 }} 11. ^Elecciones Generales 2012: Escrutinio General {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115040903/http://div1.ceepur.org/REYDI_Escrutinio/index.html |date=2013-01-15 }} on CEEPUR 12. ^{{cite web |title=Guayanilla Bridges|url=http://bridgereports.com/pr/guayanilla/ |website=National Bridge Inventory Data |publisher=US Dept. of Transportation|accessdate=20 February 2019}} External links
4 : Municipalities of Puerto Rico|Populated coastal places in Puerto Rico|Populated places established in 1833|Yauco metropolitan area |
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