词条 | Gustav Metzger |
释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Gustav Metzger | honorific_suffix = | image = Gustav Metzger, Manchester International Festival 2009 (3693540702).jpg | image_size = | alt = | caption = Gustav Metzger in 2009. | native_name = | native_name_lang = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1926|4|10|df=y}} | birth_place = Nuremberg, Weimar Republic | death_date = {{Death date and age|2017|3|1|1926|4|10|df=y}} | death_place = London, England, UK | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | nationality = | education = Royal Academy of Fine Arts | alma_mater = | known_for = Auto-Destructive Art | notable_works = | style = | movement = Fluxus, Art Strike | spouse = | awards = | elected = | patrons = | memorials = | website = | module = }} Gustav Metzger (10 April 1926, Nuremberg – 1 March 2017, London) was an artist and political activist who developed the concept of Auto-Destructive Art and the Art Strike. Together with John Sharkey, he initiated the Destruction in Art Symposium in 1966. Metzger was recognised for his protests in the political and artistic realms.{{TOC limit|2}} Early life and educationMetzger was born to Polish Jewish parents in Nuremberg, Germany, in 1926 and came to Britain in 1939[1] as a refugee under the auspices of the Refugee Children Movement.[1] He lost his Polish citizenship and was stateless since the late 1940s.[2][3] He received a grant from the UK Jewish community to study at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Antwerp between 1948 and 1949.[5] It is with an experience of twentieth century society's destructive capabilities that led Metzger to a concentrated 'formulation of what destruction is and what it might be in relation to art.'[4] CareerHis experience of twentieth century society's destructive capabilities led Metzger to a concentrated 'formulation of what destruction is and what it might be in relation to art.'[4] He was known as a leading exponent of the Auto-Destructive Art[5] and the Art Strike movements. He was also active in the Committee of 100 - a 'named' member[6][7] In 1959, Metzger published the first auto-destructive manifesto Auto-Destructive Art.[8] This was given as a lecture to the Architectural Association School of Architecture (AA) in 1964, which was taken over by students as an artistic 'Happening'. The Architectural Association published, in 2015, a facsimile edition of Metzger's lecture transcript.[9] In 1962 he participated in the Festival of Misfits organised by members of the Fluxus group, at Gallery One, London.[10] Guitarist Pete Townshend from The Who studied with Metzger, and during the 1960s, Metzger's work was projected on screens at The Who concerts.[11] In 2005, he selected EASTinternational which he proclaimed to be "The art exhibition without the art."[12] Throughout the 60 years that Metzger produced politically engaged works, he incorporated materials ranging from trash to old newspapers, liquid crystals to industrial materials, and even acid."[13] From 29 September to 8 November 2009, the Serpentine Gallery featured the most extensive exhibition in the UK of his work.[10] Exhibits included the installation Flailing Trees, 15 upturned willow trees embedded in a block of concrete, symbolising a world turned upside down by global warming. He felt that artists are especially threatened, because so many rely on nature as a big inspiration. Metzger stated that "artists have a special part to play in opposing extinction, if only on a theoretical, intellectual basis."[13] Metzger lived and worked in East London.[14] WorksPublic Demonstration of Auto-Destructive ArtThis was originally made in 1960 and remade as Recreation of First Public Demonstration of Auto-Destructive Art in 2004.[15] Demonstration at the South Bank, London, 1961Acid action painting{{cquote|Acid action painting. Height 7 ft, Length 12' 6". Depth 6 ft. Materials: nylon, hydrochloric acid, metal. Technique. 3 nylon canvases coloured white black red are arranged behind each other, in this order. Acid is painted, flung and sprayed onto the nylon which corrodes at point of contact within 15 seconds.|author=Gustav Metzger[16]}}Construction with glass{{cquote|Construction with glass. Height 13 ft. Width 9' 6". Materials. Glass, metal, adhesive tape. Technique. The glass sheets suspended by adhesive tape fall onto the concrete ground in a pre-arranged sequence.|author=Gustav Metzger[16]}}Liquid Crystal EnvironmentLiquid Crystal Environment was originally made in 1965 and remade in 2005.[17]Historic PhotographsThis ongoing series of work consists of enlarged press photographs of catastrophic events of the 20th century presented to the viewer using confrontational and experiential methods.[18] Recreation of First Public Demonstration of Auto-Destructive ArtThis was a recreation of the original demonstration made in 1960.[15] An integral piece of the installation at the Tate Britain, a bag containing rubbish, was erroneously disposed by a cleaner on 30 June 2004.[19] Metzger declared the piece ruined and created a new bag as a replacement.[14] Flailing TreesOriginally conceived for Manchester Peace Garden and commissioned by Manchester International Festival in 2009, this work consists of uprooted trees inverted into a concrete block in a powerful environmental memorandum of man's destructive capabilities and violation of Nature.[20] InfluencesThe painter David Bomberg, the leading light of the Borough Group, taught Metzger and was influential in his development.[18] DeathMetzger died at the age of 90 at his home in London on 1 March 2017.[21] LegacyWhen Metzger was lecturing at Ealing Art College, one of his students was rock musician Pete Townshend, who later cited Metzger's concepts as an influence for his famous guitar-smashing during performances of The Who. He has also influenced the self-eating computer virus works by the digital artist Joseph Nechvatal.[22] Further reading
See also
References1. ^{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2009/sep/28/gustav-metzger-auto-destructive |title=Gustav Metzger: the liquid crystal revolutionary |last=Jones |first=Jonathan |access-date=2 March 2017 |publisher=The Guardian |publication-date=28 September 2009}} 2. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.printedmatter.org/catalog/11609/ |title=Gustav Metzger |website=Printed Matter}} 3. ^{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lRWnBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA87 |title=Performing Archives/Archives of Performance |publisher=Museum Tusculanum Press |year=2013 |isbn=9788763537506 |editors=Gunhild Borggreen, Rune Gade |edition=illustrated |page=87}} 4. ^1 Pioneers in Art and Science: Metzger (film), Ken McMullen (film director) 2004 5. ^Alan Liu, (2004) The Laws of Cool, University of Chicago Press, pp. 330–331. 6. ^Peace News, 15 September 1961, p 9 7. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/mar/2/auto-destructive-art-pioneer-gustav-metzger-dies-a/ |title=‘Auto-destructive art’ pioneer Gustav Metzger dies at 90 |access-date=2 March 2017 |work=Washington Times |publication-date=2 March 2017}} 8. ^Kristine Stiles & Peter Selz, Theories and Documents of Contemporary Art: A Sourcebook of Artists' Writings (Second Edition, Revised and Expanded by Kristine Stiles) University of California Press 2012, pp. 470–471 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://aabookshop.net/?wpsc-product=auto-destructive-art-metzger-at-aa|title=Auto-Destructive Art: Metzger at AA {{!}} AA Bookshop|website=aabookshop.net|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-07}} 10. ^1 2 {{Cite web |url=http://www.anglia.ac.uk/graduation-and-alumni/honorary-award-holders2/gustav-metzger |title=Gustav Metzger |website=Anglia Ruskin University}} 11. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/art/artists/man-inspired-pete-townshend-smash-guitars-gustav-metzger-pioneer/|title=The man who inspired Pete Townshend to smash his guitars – Gustav Metzger, pioneer of auto-destructive art, has died aged 90|work=The Telegraph|access-date=2017-03-05|language=en-GB}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/norfolk/content/articles/2005/06/28/visual_arts_east_2005_feature.shtml|title=BBC - Norfolk - Entertainment - EAST International '05|publisher=BBC Norfolk}} 13. ^1 Hanamirian, Jocelyn. "Gustav Metzger at the Serpentine Gallery London." Modern Painters, September 2009. 14. ^1 {{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3604278.stm |title=Cleaner bins rubbish bag artwork |access-date=2 March 2017 |publisher=BBC News|publication-date=27 August 2004}} 15. ^1 Recreation of First Public Demonstration of Auto-Destructive Art, Tate Online, retrieved 30 August 2006. 16. ^1 Aesthetic Ideology in the Information Age {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901163237/http://transcriptions.english.ucsb.edu/archive/courses/liu/english25/materials/class5notes.html |date=1 September 2006 }}, USCB, retrieved 31 August 2006 17. ^Liquid Crystal Environment, Tate Online, retrieved 30 August 2006. 18. ^1 Jones, A. Introduction to the Historic Photographs of Gustav Metzger, Forum for Holocaust Studies, University College London, retrieved 30 August 2006. 19. ^Jones, S. 2004. How auto-destructive art work got destroyed too soon, The Guardian, retrieved 31 August 2006. 20. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/interactive/2009/jun/30/gustav-metzger-manchester-festival|publisher=Guardian|accessdate=8 November 2011 | location=London|first=Christopher|last=Thomond|title=Art and design,Art (visual arts only),Manchester international festival,Exhibitions,Environment,Culture,Sculpture (Art and design),Installation (Art and design)|date=30 June 2009}} 21. ^1 {{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2017/mar/02/auto-destructive-art-pioneer-gustav-metzger-dies-aged-90 |title=Gustav Metzger, pioneer of auto-destructive art, dies aged 90 |last=Brown |first=Mark |access-date=2 March 2017 |work=The Guardian |publication-date=2 March 2017}} 22. ^Alan Liu, (2004) The Laws of Cool, University of Chicago Press, pp. 331–336 & 485–486. 23. ^Gustav Metzger, Act or Perish! – A Retrospective, 2016. 24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://aabookshop.net/?wpsc-product=auto-destructive-art-metzger-at-aa|title=Auto-Destructive Art: Metzger at AA {{!}} AA Bookshop|website=aabookshop.net|language=en-US|access-date=2018-03-07}} External links
18 : 1926 births|2017 deaths|People from Nuremberg|Fluxus|Stateless people|Postmodern artists|Conceptual artists|Contemporary painters|Kindertransport refugees|Polish expatriates in Germany|Polish Jews|Borough Group|British activists|Jewish activists|British anti–nuclear weapons activists|British people of Polish-Jewish descent|British contemporary artists|Polish emigrants to the United Kingdom |
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