| 词条 | Hardoi |
| 释义 |
{{Infobox settlement | name = Hardoi | native_name = | native_name_lang = Hindi, Urdu | other_name = | nickname = | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India | coordinates = {{coord|27.42|N|80.12|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Uttar Pradesh | subdivision_type2 = Administrative division | subdivision_name2 = Lucknow | subdivision_type3 = District | subdivision_name3 = Hardoi | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | government_type = | governing_body = | unit_pref = | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 140 | population_total = 130,429 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = [1] | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = Hindi | timezone1 = IST | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = PIN | postal_code = 241001 | registration_plate = UP-30 | blank1_name_sec1 = Sex ratio | blank1_info_sec1 = 868 ♀/1000 ♂ | blank1_name_sec2 = Languages | blank1_info_sec2 = Hindi, Urdu, Awadhi | website = {{URL|www.hardoi.nic.in}} | footnotes = }}Hardoi is a city and municipal board in Hardoi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Hardoi district.[2] GeographyHardoi is located at {{Coord|27.42|N|80.12|E|}}.[3] It has an average elevation of {{convert|134|m|ft}}. Hardoi is located at 110 km from Lucknow (capital of Uttar Pradesh) and 394 from New Delhi (capital of India). The Ganges and several of its tributaries are crossing the south of Hardoi district. Its area is 5947 km2. The record height is 500 ft. In 1995, Hardoi district had 5 km2 of dense forest and 13 km2 of open forest. The length of this district from northwest to southeast is 125.529 km and width from east to west is 74.83 km. District Hardoi comprises five tehsils (Hardoi, Shahabad, Bilgram, Sandila, and Sawayajpur), 19 blocks, 191 Nyay Panchayat, 1101 Gram Sabha, and 1901 inhabited revenue villages. Sandi Bird Sanctuary created in 1990, previously, "Dahar Jheel", is an important ecotourism bird habitat.[4] Gomati river flows mainly in hardoi. It also has 7 Nagar Palika Parishads & 6 Nagar Panchayats . Geographical area is 5947 km2. As per census 2011 population of the district is 4091380, out of which Female are 1887116 & Male are 2204264. Demographics{{As of|2011}} India census,[5] Hardoi city had a population of 1,30,429. Males constitute 52.59% of the population and females 47.41%. In 2011 Average literacy rate of Hardoi city was 81.67% higher than the national average of 74.9%: male literacy was 86.59%, and female literacy was 76.22%. In Hardoi, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.History{{unreferenced section|date = March 2013}}Name originPeople believe that the name Hardoi comes from distorted version of its earlier name Haridrohi, which is a Hindi word that means "anti to the God". According to Hindu theology, in the past it was ruled by a King Hiranyakashipu, who didn’t have faith in God, but instead declared himself as God. He wanted the people to pray to him, but later his own son Prahlada rebelled. He tried to kill his own son by various means, but was unsuccessful. Later, to save Prahlad, God Vishnu as Narasimha himself came in disguise, such that he was neither human nor animal, and killed Hiranyakashipu. According to some scholars, the term "Hardoi" originated from the term "Haridwaya" which means two gods. Since there were two gods, Vamana (in the regime of King Bali) and Narasimha (in the regime of King Hiranyakashipu), who had been incarnated there and hence the place was called Haridwaya. and later was called Hardoi. HistoryIn view of some people{{who|date=January 2018}} this district was colonized by Hardevbaksh and just because of this reason there is an old locality Hardevganj which exists in the city. Mallawan, Bilgram, Pihani, Shahabad, Sandila & Ruiyaa are the places of historical significance. According to some historians Mallawan was colonized by Buddhists while some believed that Sayyed Salar Masood Gazi came here. Earlier this area Mallawan was district headquarter. The ancient name of Bilgram is "SRINAGAR" its present name Bilgram was given by some associates of Mahmood Gajnavi. Pihani is derived by Persian word Pinhani (place of shelter), it is believed that king of Moughal dynasty Humayun took shelter in the forest of Pihani when he was defeated by Shershah Suri. Pihani is also related with the minister Sadarejahan of Emperor Akbar. His tomb and paintings are still here. According to the view of some people, Sandila was colonized by Rishi Sandilya. Sandila is also famous for old buildings, mosque & Barakhamba. There is one place known as 'Ruiyagarhi' which is famous for Ruiya king Narpati Singh. In the battle of first freedom struggle 1857 Ruiya king Narpati Singh competed with the army of britishers and killed 55 English soldiers and injured almost the same soldiers and forced them to return.[6] RulersHardoi is first mentioned during the Muslim rule. In 1028, Bawan was invaded by Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud.[7] However, Muslims didn’t occupy the region until 1217. After long struggle Sayyad Shakir established first Muslim site at GOPAMAU. Many battles between the Mogul and Afghan empires took place in Hardoi region due to the location of the district. Humayun was defeated by Sher Shah Suri between the cities of Bilgram and Sandi, and he escaped by crossing the river Ganges with the help of a bhisti to whom he had made the king for one day after regaining the throne. ReligionThe temple of Maa Kaliji - which is situated in the village of Bankhariya on Harpalpur road in Sandi block of Hardoi, is very beautiful. Which is built by Shri Bharat Singh ji (former teacher). Sri Bharat Singh ji has constructed this temple for 15 years with unwavering triumph and its deposit capital. It is a very observable temple. Here comes the peace of mind after seeing the Maata Rani. You can go here anytime but if you go to the rainy season you may have a problem of mud because there is a raw path to go to the temple. The temple of BABA SUNASINATH JI is situated 3 km away from Mallawan. It is also famous and it was a natural origin of divine power in the British umpire. It is also counted in one of the oldest temple in Hardoi. The holy river GANGA is only 18 km away in south of Mallawan. AgricultureAgriculture is the main activity in the district and many people depend on it. Of the total area, 3,980.45 km2 is devoted to agriculture. The main crops are paddy, sugarcane, wheat, vegetables, pulses and oilseeds. A small proportion of the total cultivated is used for horticulture: guava, mangoes, herbs, etc. Colleges and SchoolsDegree colleges
Schools
References1. ^https://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/526-hardoi.html 2. ^District Court, Hardoi [https://pincode.net.in/241001] 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/36/Hardoi.html |title=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc — Hardoi |publisher=Fallingrain.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-10}} 4. ^Ecotourism[https://www.upecotourism.in/SandiBirdSanctuary.html] 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}} 6. ^http://onlinehardoihindi.blogspot.in/2015/02/blog-post_12.html 7. ^Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud External links{{Commons category|Hardoi}}
2 : Hardoi|Cities in Uttar Pradesh |
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