| 词条 | Hastings Lees-Smith |
| 释义 |
| honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable | name = Hastings Lees-Smith | honorific-suffix = | image =Hastings_Lees-Smith.jpg | imagesize = | caption = | order1 = Postmaster General | term_start1 = 7 June 1929 | term_end1 = 2 March 1931 | monarch1 = George V | primeminister1 = Ramsay MacDonald | predecessor1 = Sir William Mitchell-Thomson, Bt | successor1 = Clement Attlee | order2 = President of the Board of Education | term_start2 = 2 March 1931 | term_end2 = 24 August 1931 | monarch2 = George V | primeminister2 = Ramsay MacDonald | predecessor2 = Sir Charles Trevelyan, Bt | successor2 = Sir Donald Maclean | order3 = Leader of the Opposition | term_start3 = 1940 | term_end3 = 1941 | monarch3 = George VI | predecessor3 = Clement Attlee | successor3 = Frederick Pethick-Lawrence | birth_date = {{Birth-date|26 January 1878|}} | birth_place = British India | death_date = {{Death-date and age|18 December 1941|26 January 1878}} | death_place = | nationality = British | party = Labour | alma_mater = Queen's College, Oxford | spouse = }} Hastings Bertrand Lees-Smith PC (26 January 1878 – 18 December 1941) was a British Liberal turned Labour politician who was briefly in the cabinet as President of the Board of Education in 1931. He was the acting Leader of the Opposition and Leader of the Labour Party (as chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party) from 1940 during the time Clement Attlee was in government. Family backgroundLees-Smith was from an Army family; his father was a Major in the Royal Artillery, and he was born in British India. He was educated Aldenham School, as a cadet at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, and Queen's College, Oxford. Rejecting a military career for himself he chose academia and was appointed as a lecturer in Public Administration at the London School of Economics in 1906; he remained there throughout his political career. He was also Chairman of the Executive Committee of Ruskin College, Oxford, from 1907 to 1909. He resigned on appointment as Professor of Public Administration at the University of Bristol. In 1909 he went on an extended tour of India to lecture at Bombay on economics and advise on economics teaching; as a result of his experiences he wrote Studies in Indian Economics.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} He joined a territorial regiment in 1915, and was wounded as a stretcher bearer on the Western Front and invalided out of the armed forces in 1917.[1] In 1938 he distributed 40 British passports to German Jews in Frankfurt thus aiding their escape. 'The Chest of Surprises' describes the Lees-Smith family history. Liberal MPAt the January 1910 general election Lees-Smith was elected as a Liberal for the two-member Northampton constituency.[2] Unlike his fellow Northampton MP Charles McCurdy, Lees-Smith allied with H. H. Asquith rather than David Lloyd George in the Liberal split during the First World War, and as a consequence was not offered support by the Coalition in the 1918 general election. Rather than defend Northampton (which had been reduced to one member), he moved to the new Don Valley constituency but lost to a Coalition-supported National Democratic and Labour Party candidate. Indicating his estrangement from the Liberal Party, he fought as an 'Independent Radical' although he had been adopted by the local Liberal association.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}}. He was the member of Parliament who in July 1917 read Siegfried Sassoon's declaration that World War I had continued too long and should be ended.[3] Labour PartyIn 1919 Lees-Smith joined the Labour Party. He was picked as Labour candidate for Keighley{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} and won the seat in the 1922 general election,[4] profiting from a divided opposition. He was a noted speaker on banking and on reform of the House of Lords about which he wrote several books including Second Chambers in Theory and Practice (1923). Unfortunately for Lees-Smith, the Conservatives stood down in the 1923 general election and he was defeated by the Liberal candidate; this defeat prevented him from being appointed as a Minister in the first Labour government.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} Ministerial officeThe collapse of the Liberal Party in the 1924 general election{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} meant that Lees-Smith was able to win his seat back[4] and he was swiftly appointed to a front-bench role.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} When Labour returned to office in 1929 he was made Postmaster-General[5] where he defended the nationalised Post Office and tried to smarten up the Post Office counters.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} In a reshuffle in March 1931 he was promoted to President of the Board of Education[6] and sworn of the Privy Council.[6] He had only a brief time in office before the government fell, and Lees-Smith refused to follow Ramsay MacDonald into the National Government.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} Defeated again in 1931,{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} Lees-Smith again won his seat back in 1935.[4] He served on the front bench but was not invited by Winston Churchill to join the Coalition government in 1940; as one of the most senior Labour figures not in office, the responsibilities of running the party were given to him. In his partisan role he strongly supported Churchill's conduct as war leader at a time when the war did not always run in the Allies' favour.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} References{{More footnotes|date=September 2009}}1. ^{{cite web|url=http://archiveshub.ac.uk/data/gb50-udls|title=Papers of Dr Hastings Bertrand Lees-Smith MP|website=Archives Hub|access-date=26 September 2016}} 2. ^leighrayment.com House of Commons: New Romney to Northampton 3. ^Seigfried Sassoon by Max Egremont. Picador - 2005 4. ^1 2 leighrayment.com House of Commons: Keighley to Kilkenny 5. ^{{London Gazette|issue=33508 |date=21 June 1929 |page=4105 }} 6. ^1 {{London Gazette|issue=33696 |date=6 March 1931 |page=1525 }}
External links
| title = Member of Parliament for Northampton | with = Charles McCurdy | years = 1910–1918 | before = Herbert Paul John Greenwood Shipman | after = Charles McCurdy }}{{Succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Keighley | years = 1922–1923 | before = Sir Robert Clough | after = Robert Pilkington }}{{Succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Keighley | years = 1924–1931 | before = Robert Pilkington | after = George Harvie-Watt }}{{Succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Keighley | years = 1935–1941 | before = George Harvie-Watt | after = Ivor Thomas }}{{S-off}}{{Succession box | title = Postmaster-General | years = 1929–1931 | before = Sir William Mitchell-Thomson, Bt | after = Clement Attlee }}{{Succession box | title = President of the Board of Education | years = 1931 | before = Sir Charles Trevelyan, Bt | after = Sir Donald Maclean }}{{Succession box | title = Leader of the Opposition | years = 1940–1941 | before = Clement Attlee | after = Frederick Pethick-Lawrence }}{{S-end}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}{{Leaders of the Opposition UK}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Lees-Smith, Hastings}} 15 : 1878 births|1941 deaths|Academics of the London School of Economics|Alumni of The Queen's College, Oxford|British Secretaries of State for Education|Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|UK MPs 1910|UK MPs 1910–18|UK MPs 1922–23|UK MPs 1924–29|UK MPs 1929–31|United Kingdom Postmasters General|Graduates of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。