| 词条 | Hazel Carter |
| 释义 |
| name = Hazel Carter | image = HazelCarter.jpg | caption = Carter circa 1918 |birth_name = Hazel Blauser | birth_date = 1894 | death_date = July 12, {{death year and age|1918|1894}} | birth_place = Douglas, Arizona | death_place = Lordsburg, New Mexico | spouse = John J. Carter | placeofburial_label = | module = {{Infobox military person|embed=yes | allegiance = United States | branch = United States Army | serviceyears = 1918 | rank = | unit = 18th Infantry | commands = | battles = | awards = | laterwork = }}}} Hazel Carter (née Blauser ; 1894 – July 12, 1918), was a stowaway and writer from Douglas, Arizona. During World War I, she stowed away on a ship to France to stay with her soldier husband, Corporal John J. Carter.[1] Later, she wrote about her experience for the Bell Syndicate. Early lifeCarter was born in 1894 in the Huachuca Mountains outside of Douglas, Arizona.[1] She was known as a skilled hunter and farmer.[1] According to her father Peter Blauser, Carter graduated from college but chose to live a life on a ranch where she tended to 200 cattle and 16 saddle horses.[2] She married John J. Carter on December 12, 1916.[3][4] World War I involvementWhen her husband was sent to France on the first American contingent to fight in World War I, she first tried to join the Red Cross in Douglas, but was not accepted.[5] Carter then cut her hair short and stole an Army uniform.[6] She boarded the same train as the one carrying her husband and went undetected for two days when she was forced off the train and told to go back to Douglas.[9][5] However, she got back on the train.[6] At the port, she was able to get onto a ship and stow away.[5] Carter claims her husband did not know of her presence on the train until they neared Chicago.[7] The contingent was five days at sea when her identity was revealed.[4] Her voice was what eventually gave her away and Captain Eugene D. Rideout, realized that she was a woman.[8] Upon arrival on the shores of Europe, she was not permitted to disembark from the ship's deck.[7] A request by Carter to remain as a nurse was refused.[7] Her husband was demoted from corporal to private as a result of the debacle.[7] Carter states that her mother did not know she was stowing away. Carter's American Civil War veteran grandfather, H. Clark remarked how proud he was of his granddaughter, stating "I knew she would do it…That girl sure has grit. I wish she could stay and fight the Germans. You ought to have seen her in uniform. She made a better looking soldier than John, I do believe. She can handle a rifle better than most men. They sure should have let her stay."[3] On return, she was detained and questioned at the police headquarters in Hoboken, New Jersey.[5] She then moved on to Atlantic City, New Jersey.[2][8] A hero's welcome was planned for her return to Douglas.[1] Carter was met by a brass band and supporters.[3] She also wrote about her experiences and her account was published by The Bell Syndicate.[9] Carter authored a series of four articles detailing her experience that were serialized nationally by several newspaper companies.[3] DeathBefore her death, she intended on earning enough money to return to France to serve as an Army nurse.[4] Carter died in Lordsburg, New Mexico, on July 11, 1918, after being ill for two days.[28][29] Her husband was still fighting overseas when she passed.[10][11] It was said by friends that her health declined after her return and they believed she died of a "broken heart."[12] Carter's body was returned to Douglas for burial and she was given a military funeral with a military chaplain and six soldiers as pallbearers.[3][13] In 1918 after the funeral, it was reported by her cousin, Ella Murphy, that Carter's was the first military funeral held in the United States for a woman.[10] References1. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16017667/the_wichita_beacon/|title=Bride, Disguised as a Soldier, Goes to France With Pershing|last=|first=|date=1917-07-25|work=The Wichita Beacon|access-date=2017-12-27|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|pages=7|via=Newspapers.com}} 2. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=LAH19170725.2.484|title=Los Angeles Herald 25 July 1917 — California Digital Newspaper Collection|website=cdnc.ucr.edu|access-date=2017-12-28}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news|url=https://blog.genealogybank.com/the-wwi-soldier-girl-hazel-blauser-carter.html|title=The WWI Soldier Girl: Hazel Blauser Carter|last=Philibert-Ortega|first=Gena|date=12 May 2015|work=GenealogyBank Blog|access-date=2017-12-27|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|language=en-US}} 4. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yStciE4UqPAC&pg=PA232&lpg=PA232&dq=%22Hazel+Carter%22+military+funeral&source=bl&ots=mNqvxC8OKz&sig=4iAJNLCYAnVkXGUHqWJbS15yjGQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjmw5Kzja3YAhXskeAKHcwhBvoQ6AEIVjAI#v=onepage&q=%22Hazel%20Carter%22%20military%20funeral&f=false|title=Patriotic Illustrations for Public Speakers|last=Brown|first=William Herbert|date=1919|publisher=Standard publishing Company|language=en}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9805E7DA133AE433A25754C1A9619C946696D6CF|title=Tells How She Hid on Army Transport; Mrs. Hazel Carter of Douglas, Ariz., Was Determined to Go to France.|date=July 17, 1917|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2007-12-26|page=6|quote=Soldiers helped her. Red Cross Refused Her. So She Donned Uniform and Boarded Troop Train.}} 6. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=33MBBAAAQBAJ&lpg=PA213&dq=%22hazel%20carter%22%20wwi&pg=PA213#v=onepage&q=%22hazel%20carter%22%20wwi&f=false|title=Battle Cries and Lullabies: Women in War from Prehistory to the Present|last=Pauw|first=Linda Grant De|date=2014-07-11|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|year=|isbn=9780806170749|location=|pages=213|language=en}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/79926212/|title=The Washington Times from Washington, District of Columbia on July 17, 1917 · Page 3|work=Newspapers.com|access-date=2017-12-28|language=en}} 8. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16017184/newyork_tribune/|title=Bride Who Sailed as Doughboy With Army Returns in Tears|last=|first=|date=1917-07-16|work=New-York Tribune|access-date=2017-12-27|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|pages=12|via=Newspapers.com}} 9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16017857/the_daily_times/|title=The Girl Who Was a Soldier Boy|last=Carter|first=Hazel|date=1917-10-15|work=The Daily Times|access-date=2017-12-27|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|pages=3|via=Newspapers.com}} 10. ^1 2 {{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3054354/ella_murphys_account_of_hazel_carters/|title=Home From Funeral of Woman Soldier Relative|last=|first=|date=1918-08-10|work=The Parsons Daily Sun|access-date=2017-12-27|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|pages=1|via=Newspapers.com}} 11. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16017921/fitchburg_sentinel/|title=Hazel Carter Dead|last=|first=|date=1918-07-12|work=Fitchburg Sentinel|access-date=2017-12-27|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|pages=6|via=Newspapers.com}} 12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3054431/hazel_carter_dies_of_broken_heart/|title=Soldier's Bride Dies of a 'Broken Heart'|last=|first=|date=1918-08-14|work=The Winnipeg Tribune|access-date=2017-12-27|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|pages=9|via=Newspapers.com}} 13. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/16018013/grand_forks_herald/|title=Military Funeral for Arizona Woman|last=|first=|date=1918-08-09|work=Grand Forks Herald|access-date=2017-12-27|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|pages=4|via=Newspapers.com}} Further reading
|accessdate = |url = http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail300.html |title = Hazel Carter donned an Army uniform |work = Images of American Political History |publisher = National Archives and Records Administration |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071031082042/http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail300.html |archivedate = 2007-10-31 |df = }} External links
8 : 1894 births|1918 deaths|People from Douglas, Arizona|Female wartime cross-dressers|American women in World War I|Writers from Arizona|Military personnel from Arizona|20th-century American women writers |
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