| 词条 | Hearst Communications |
| 释义 |
}}{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2018}}{{Infobox company | name = Hearst Communications Inc. | logo = Hearst logo.svg | logo_size = 200px | logo_caption = | image = Hearstowernyc.JPG | image_caption = Hearst Tower in Manhattan, New York City, United States | type = Private | founder = William Randolph Hearst | area_served = | key_people = {{ubl|William Randolph Hearst III|(chairman)|Frank A. Bennack Jr.|(executive vice chairman)|Steve Swartz|(president and CEO)}} | industry = Mass media | products = | revenue = {{up}}US$10.8 billion (2016)[1] | owner = Hearst family (100%)[2] | num_employees = 20,000 (2016)[1] | divisions = {{ubl |Hearst Television |Hearst Magazines |Hearst Ventures |Hearst Business Media |Hearst Entertainment & Syndication |Hearst Newspapers |Verizon Hearst Media Partners (50%) }} | subsid = {{ubl |Fitch Ratings |First Databank |A&E Networks (50%) |ESPN Inc. (20%) |King Features Syndicate |Litton Entertainment (majority share) |NorthSouth Productions (50%) }} | homepage = {{URL|hearst.com}} | foundation = {{start date and age|1887|3|4}} San Francisco, California, United States | location_city = {{ubl|Hearst Tower|Midtown Manhattan|New York City, United States}} | location_country = }}Hearst Communications often referred to simply as Hearst, is an American mass media and business information conglomerate based in New York City.[3] Hearst owns newspapers, magazines, television channels, and television stations, including the San Francisco Chronicle, the Houston Chronicle, Cosmopolitan and Esquire. It owns 50% of broadcasting firm A&E Networks and 20% of the sports broadcaster ESPN in partnership with The Walt Disney Company.[4] Despite being better known for the above media holdings, Hearst makes most of its profits in the business information section, where it owns companies including Fitch Ratings, First Databank, and others.[5] Hearst Communications is based in the Hearst Tower in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The company was founded by William Randolph Hearst as an owner of newspapers, and the Hearst family remains involved in its ownership and management. HistoryThe formative yearsIn 1880, George Hearst, mining entrepreneur and U.S. senator, entered the publishing business by acquiring the San Francisco Daily Examiner.[6] In 1887, he turned the Examiner over to his son, William Randolph Hearst, who that year officially founded the Hearst Corp. W. R. Hearst later went on to purchase or launch several more newspapers in multiple cities (including the New York Journal in 1895)[7] and to found the Los Angeles Examiner in 1903.[6] W. R. Hearst found early success, growing readership for the Examiner from 15,000 in 1887 to over 20 million.[8] Hearst's magazine division began in 1903, with W. R. Hearst's creation of Motor magazine. He later acquired several other publications, including Cosmopolitan in 1905, and Good Housekeeping in 1911.[9][10] W. R. Hearst entered the book publishing business in 1913 with the formation of Hearst's International Library.[11] W. R. Hearst began producing film features in the mid-1910s, creating one of the earliest animation studios: the International Film Service, turning characters from Hearst newspaper strips into film characters.[12] After purchasing the Atlanta Georgian in 1912, the San Francisco Call and the San Francisco Post in 1913, Hearst acquired the Boston Advertiser and the Washington Times (unrelated to the present-day paper) in 1917. He later purchased the Chicago Herald in 1918 (resulting in the Herald-Examiner).[13] In 1919, Hearst's book publishing division was renamed Cosmopolitan Book.[11] The peak eraIn the 1920s and 1930s, Hearst owned the biggest media conglomerate in the world, which included a number of magazines and newspapers in major cities. Hearst also began acquiring radio stations to complement his papers.[14] Hearst saw financial challenges in the early 1920s, during which time he was subsidizing funds from his corporation to fund the construction of Hearst Castle in San Simeon and movie production at Cosmopolitan Productions. This eventually lead to the merger of the magazine Hearst International with Cosmopolitan in 1925.[15] Despite some financial troubles, Hearst began extending its reach in 1921, purchasing the Detroit Times, The Boston Record and the Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Hearst then added the Los Angeles Herald and Washington Herald, as well as the Oakland Post-Enquirer, the Syracuse Telegram and the Rochester Journal in 1922. He continued his buying spree into the mid-1920s, purchasing the Baltimore News (1923), the San Antonio Light (1924), the Albany Times Union (1924), and The Milwaukee Sentinel (1924). In 1924, Hearst entered the tabloid market in New York City with The New York Mirror, meant to compete with the New York Daily News.[16] In addition to print and radio, Hearst established Cosmopolitan Pictures in the early 1920s, distributing his films under the newly created Metro Goldwyn Mayer.[17] In 1929, Hearst and MGM created the Hearst Metrotone newsreels.[18] Retrenching after the Great DepressionThe Great Depression had a negative impact on Hearst and his publications. Cosmopolitan Book was sold to Farrar and Reinhart in 1931.[11] After two years of leasing them to her, Hearst had to sell the Washington Times and Herald to Eleanor "Cissy" Patterson (of the McCormick-Patterson family that owned the Chicago Tribune) in 1939 who merged them to form the Washington Times-Herald. That year he also bought the Milwaukee Sentinel from Paul Block (who bought it from the Pfisters in 1929), absorbing his afternoon Wisconsin News into the morning publication. Also in 1939, he sold the Atlanta Georgian to Cox Newspapers, which merged it with the Atlanta Journal. Hearst, with his chain now owned by his creditors after a 1937 liquidation[19], also had to merge some of his morning papers into his afternoon papers. In Chicago, he combined the morning Herald-Examiner and the afternoon American into the Herald-American in 1939. This followed the 1937 combination of the New York Evening Journal and the morning American into the New York Journal-American, the sale of the Omaha Daily Bee to the World-Herald. Abandoning the morning market was harmful in the long run for Hearst's media holdings as most of his remaining newspapers became afternoon papers. Newspapers in Rochester, Syracuse and Fort Worth were sold or closed.{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}} Afternoon papers were a profitable business in pre-television days, often outselling their morning counterparts featuring stock market information in early editions, while later editions were heavy on sporting news with results of baseball games and horse races. Afternoon papers also benefited from continuous reports from the battlefront during World War II. After the war, however, both television news and suburbs experienced an explosive growth; thus, evening papers were more affected than those published in the morning, whose circulation remained stable while their afternoon counterparts' sales plummeted. Another major blow was the fact that beginning in the 1950s, football and baseball games were being played later in the afternoon and now stretched through early in the evening, preventing afternoon papers from publishing all the results.{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}} In 1947, Hearst produced an early television newscast for the DuMont Television Network: I.N.S. Telenews, and in 1948 he became the owner of one of the first television stations in the country, WBAL-TV in Baltimore. The earnings of Hearst's three morning papers, the San Francisco Examiner, the Los Angeles Examiner, and The Milwaukee Sentinel, supported the company's money-losing afternoon publications such as the Los Angeles Herald-Express, the New York Journal-American, and the Chicago American. The company sold the latter paper in 1956 to the Chicago Tribune{{'}}s owners, who changed it to the tabloid-size Chicago Today in 1969 and ceased publication in 1974). In 1960, Hearst also sold the Pittsburgh Sun-Telegraph to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette and the Detroit Times to The Detroit News. After a lengthy strike it sold the Milwaukee Sentinel to the afternoon Milwaukee Journal in 1962. The same year Hearst's Los Angeles papers – the morning Examiner and the afternoon Herald-Express – merged to become the evening Los Angeles Herald-Examiner. The 1962-63 New York City newspaper strike left the city with no papers for over three months, with the Journal-American one of the earliest strike targets of the Typographical Union. The Boston Record and the Evening American merged in 1961 as the Record-American and in 1964, the Baltimore News-Post became the Baltimore News-American. In 1953 Hearst Magazines bought Sports Afield magazine, which it published until 1999 when it sold the journal to Robert E. Petersen. In 1958, Hearst's International News Service merged with E.W. Scripps' United Press, forming United Press International as a response to the growth of the Associated Press and Reuters. The following year Scripps-Howard's San Francisco News merged with Hearst's afternoon San Francisco Call-Bulletin. Also in 1959, Hearst acquired the paperback book publisher Avon Books.[20] In 1965, the Hearst Corporation began pursuing Joint Operating Agreements (JOA's). It reached the first agreement with the DeYoung family, proprietors of the afternoon San Francisco Chronicle, which began to produce a joint Sunday edition with the Examiner. In turn, the Examiner became an evening publication, absorbing the News-Call-Bulletin. The following year, the Journal-American reached another JOA with another two landmark New York City papers: the Herald-Tribune and Scripps-Howard's World-Telegram and Sun to form the New York World Journal Tribune (recalling the names of the city's mid-market dailies), which collapsed after only a few months. The 1962 merger of the Herald-Express and Examiner in Los Angeles led to the termination of many journalists who began to stage a 10-year strike in 1967. The effects of the strike accelerated the pace of the company's demise, with the Herald Examiner ceasing publication November 2, 1989.[21] Newspaper shiftsHearst moved into hardcover publishing by acquiring Arbor House in 1978 and William Morrow and Company in 1981.[22][23] In 1982, the company sold the Boston Herald American —the result of the 1972 merger of Hearst's Record-American & Advertiser with the Herald-Traveler— to Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation, which promptly renamed the paper as The Boston Herald, competing to this day with the Boston Globe. In 1986, Hearst bought the Houston Chronicle and that same year closed the 213-year-old Baltimore News-American after a failed attempt to reach a JOA with A.S. Abell Company, the family who published The Baltimore Sun since its founding in 1837. Abell sold the paper several days later to the Times-Mirror syndicate of the Chandlers' Los Angeles Times, also competitor to the evening Los Angeles Herald-Examiner, which folded in 1989. In 1993, Hearst closed the San Antonio Light after it purchased the rival San Antonio Express-News from Murdoch. On November 8, 1990, Hearst Corporation acquired the remaining 20% stake of ESPN, Inc. from RJR Nabisco for a price estimated between $165 million and $175 million.[24] The other 80% has been owned by The Walt Disney Company since 1996. Over the last 25 years, the ESPN investment is said to have accounted for at least 50% of total Hearst Corp profits and is worth at least $13 billion.[25] In 1999, Hearst sold its Avon and Morrow book publishing activities to HarperCollins.[26] In 2000, the Hearst Corp. pulled another "switcheroo" by selling its flagship and "Monarch of the Dailies", the afternoon San Francisco Examiner, and acquiring the long-time competing, but now larger morning paper, San Francisco Chronicle from the Charles de Young family. The San Francisco Examiner is now published as a daily freesheet. In December 2003, Marvel Entertainment acquired Cover Concepts from Hearst, to extend Marvel's demographic reach among public school children.[27] In 2009, A&E Networks acquired Lifetime Entertainment Services, with Hearst ownership increasing to 42%.[28][29]{{Dead link|date=March 2019}} In 2009, the Seattle Post-Intelligencer switched to a digital-only format, leaving the Albany Times-Union as the only remaining Hearst paper from the interwar period still owned by the company.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}} In 2010, Hearst acquired digital marketing agency iCrossing.[30] In 2011, Hearst absorbed more than 100 magazine titles from the Lagardere group for more than $700 million and became a challenger of Time Inc ahead of Condé Nast. In December 2012, Hearst Corporation partnered again with NBCUniversal to launch Esquire Network. On February 20, 2014, Hearst Magazines International appointed Gary Ellis to the new position, Chief Digital Officer.[31] That December, DreamWorks Animation sold a 25% stake in AwesomenessTV for $81.25 million to Hearst.[32] In January 2017, Hearst announced that it had acquired a majority stake in Litton Entertainment. Its CEO, Dave Morgan, was a former employee of Hearst.[33][34] On January 23, 2017, Hearst announced that it had acquired the business operations of The Pioneer Group from fourth-generation family owners Jack and John Batdorff. The Pioneer Group was a Michigan-based communications network that circulates print and digital news to local communities across the state. In addition to daily newspapers, The Pioneer and Manistee News Advocate, Pioneer published three weekly papers and four local shopper publications, and operated a digital marketing services business.[35] The acquisition brought Hearst Newspapers to publishing 19 daily and 61 weekly papers. Other 2017 acquisitions include the New Haven Register and associated papers from Digital First Media,[36][37] and the Alton, Illinois, Telegraph and Jacksonville, Illinois, Journal-Courier from Civitas Media.[38][39] In October 2017, Hearst announced it would acquire the magazine and book businesses of Rodale, with some sources reporting the purchase price as about $225 million. The transaction was expected to close in January following government approvals.[40][41] Chief executive officers
Operating group heads
Assets{{main|List of assets owned by Hearst Communications}}A non-exhaustive list of its current properties and investments includes: Magazines{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
Newspapers(alphabetical by state, then title) {{div col|colwidth=30em}}
Broadcasting
Internet{{Wiktionary|delish}}{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
Other{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
Trustees of William Randolph Hearst's willUnder William Randolph Hearst's will, a common board of thirteen trustees (its composition fixed at five family members and eight outsiders) administers the Hearst Foundation, the William Randolph Hearst Foundation, and the trust that owns (and selects the 24-member board of) the Hearst Corporation (immediate parent of Hearst Communications which shares the same officers). The foundations shared ownership until tax law changed to prevent this.[57][58] In 2009, it was estimated to be the largest private company managed by trustees in this way.[59] As of 2017, the trustees are:[60] Family members
Non-family members
The trust dissolves when all family members alive at the time of Hearst's death in August 1951 have died. See also{{portal|New York City|Companies|Media}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/companies/hearst/ |title=Hearst |magazine=Forbes |accessdate=August 31, 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mediadb.eu/en/data-base/international-media-corporations/the-hearst-corporation.html |title=The Hearst Corporation |website=Institute for Media and Communication Policy |date=October 19, 2017 |accessdate=August 28, 2018}} 3. ^{{cite journal |url=http://wwd.com/business-news/business-features/swartz-succeeds-bennack-as-hearst-ceo-6877092/ |title=Hearst's New CEO Steve Swartz Talks Business, Succession |first=Erik |last=Maza |date=April 1, 2013 |magazine=Women's Wear Daily |accessdate=July 23, 2016}} 4. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/hearst/ |title=2016 America's Richest Families Net Worth: Hearst Family |magazine=Forbes |date=June 29, 2016 |access-date=28 August 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=https://nypost.com/2016/01/05/hearst-enjoys-record-revenue-in-2015-no-thanks-to-magazines/ |title=Hearst enjoys record profits, eyes more acquisitions |last=Kelly |first=Keith J. |date=January 6, 2016 |newspaper=New York Post |access-date=4 November 2016}} 6. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-george-hearst-20120627-story.html|title=George Randolph Hearst Jr. dies at 84; L.A. Herald-Examiner publisher|last=Nelson|first=Valerie J.|date=|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|access-date=16 July 2018|subscription=yes}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/crucible/bio_hearst.html |title=Yellow Journalism: William Randolph Hearst |series=Crucible of Empire: The Spanish–American War |airdate=August 23, 1999 |network=PBS |access-date=28 August 2018}} 8. ^{{cite news |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/00/07/02/reviews/000702.02eva.html |title=Press Baron's Progress |last=Evans |first=Harold |newspaper=The New York Times |date=July 2, 2000 |accessdate=28 August 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB105113395814317200 |title=Hearst Magazines Manage To Thrive in Tough Market |last=Rose |first=Matthew |date=April 24, 2003 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=July 16, 2018 |subscription=yes}} 10. ^{{cite book |title=Women's Periodicals in the United States: Consumer Magazines |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sld1Jj0jM7cC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Women%27s+Periodicals+in+the+United+States:+Consumer+Magazines&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjw0s_doZHdAhVMIKwKHSYNBckQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=hearst%20houskeeping%20cosmopolitan&f=false |last=Lueck |first=Therese |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=1995 |isbn=978-0313286315 |page=492}} 11. ^1 2 {{cite book |publisher=Gale Research Co |isbn=978-0-8103-1724-6 |pages=91–92 |editor-first=Peter |editor-last=Dzwonkoski |last1=Murray |first1=Timothy D. |last2=Mills |first2=Theodora |title=American literary publishing houses, 1900-1980. Trade and paperback |chapter=Cosmopolitan Book Corporation |location=Detroit |series=Dictionary of literary biography |year=1986 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GfCEtAEACAAJ&dq=editions:WaCJdeNwHw4C&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiM2JGzo5HdAhVPC6wKHRMZBpEQ6AEIJzAA |subscription=yes}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.psu.edu/dept/inart10_110/inart10/hearst.html |title=William Randolph Hearst and the Comics |first=Joseph |last=F. D'Angelo |website=Penn State University:Integrative Arts 10 |access-date=16 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701145126/http://www.psu.edu/dept/inart10_110/inart10/hearst.html |archive-date=July 1, 2016 |dead-url=yes |df=mdy-all}} 13. ^{{cite encyclopedia |title=Hearst Newspapers |first1=Mark R. |last1=Wilson |first2=Stephen R. |last2=Porter |first3=Janice L. |last3=Reiff |last-author-amp=y |year=2005 |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Chicago |isbn=978-0226310152}} 14. ^{{cite episode| url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?107196-1/william-randolph-hearst-early-years| title=William Randolph Hearst: The Early Years| network=C-SPAN2| series=Book TV| date=June 12, 1998| credits=Brian Lamb, presenter; Ben Procter| accessdate=28 August 2018}} 15. ^{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9n6Qh17H6QcC&pg=PT205&lpg=PT205&dq=hearst+merges+international+with+cosmopolitan+1925&source=bl&ots=ai6fQSrACV&sig=8PEXcnX2o8Z2FtPWShAAavNZkOo&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiCvceylqTcAhVGm-AKHfejBZUQ6AEIpwEwGg#v=onepage&q=hearst%20merges%20international%20with%20cosmopolitan%201925&f=false| title=The Improbable First Century of Cosmopolitan Magazine| last=Landers| first=James| date=November 1, 2010| publisher=University of Missouri Press| isbn=978-0826272331| language=en}} 16. ^{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ET4uTW2k-9QC&pg=PA315&lpg=PA315&dq=%22syracuse+telegram%22+hearst&source=bl&ots=WCLG3mjpN2&sig=CkDQYaVat5nwHm_1AWoRovnyN3g&hl=en&ei=Fus_TLOXL5HUtQO0vOy1DA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CBoQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=baltimore%20news&f=false| title=The Chief: The Life of William Randolph Hearst| last=Nasaw| first=David| date=2001| publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt| isbn=978-0618154463| pages=320-322| language=en}} 17. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.slate.com/articles/podcasts/you_must_remember_this/2015/09/marion_davies_actress_and_mistress_of_william_randolph_hearst_was_portrayed.html| title=The Mistress, the Magnate, and the Genius| last=Longworth| first=Karina| date=September 24, 2015| magazine=Slate| access-date=28 August 2018| issn=1091-2339}} 18. ^{{cite web| url=https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/collections/hearst| title=Hearst Metrotone News Collection| website=UCLA Film & Television Archive|access-date=16 July 2018}} 19. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenation.com/article/devil-and-mr-hearst/|title=The Devil and Mr. Hearst|last=Frank|first=Dana|date=June 22, 2000|website=The Nation|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 20. ^{{cite journal| url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,864911,00.html| title=Quiet Deal| magazine=Time| date=August 31, 1959| subscription=yes}} 21. ^{{cite web| title=The Last Los Angeles Herald-Examiner Strike| url=https://library.csun.edu/SCA/Peek-in-the-Stacks/Examiner| date=February 3, 2014| website=California State University Northridge Oviatt Library| accessdate=August 28, 2018}} 22. ^{{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F03E6DA133FF935A2575BC0A961958260|title=Donald Fine, 75, publisher of suspenseful best sellers|last=Smith|first=Dinitia|date=August 16, 1997|newspaper=The New York Times|accessdate=10 December 2007|subscription=yes}} 23. ^{{cite web| title=Hearst acquires leading book publisher| agency=United Press International| accessdate=28 August 2018| url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1981/02/13/Hearst-acquires-leading-book-publisher/5505350888400/}} 24. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/09/business/hearst-to-buy-20-espn-stake-from-rjr.html|title=Hearst to Buy 20% ESPN Stake From RJR|last=Fabrikant|first=Geraldine|date=November 9, 1990|newspaper=The New York Times|accessdate=July 26, 2013|subscription=yes}} 25. ^{{cite journal| title=Is the world's first media group now the best?| url=http://www.flashesandflames.com/2013/12/is-the-worlds-first-media-group-now-the-best/| last=Morrison| first=Collin| date=December 23, 2013| journal=Flashes & Flames| access-date=May 13, 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180428022318/http://www.flashesandflames.com/2013/12/is-the-worlds-first-media-group-now-the-best/| archive-date=April 28, 2018| dead-url=yes| df=mdy-all}} 26. ^{{cite news| last=Tharp| first=Paul| title=HarperCollins Buys William Morrow & Avon| newspaper=New York Post| accessdate=28 May 2018| date=June 18, 1999| url=https://nypost.com/1999/06/18/harpercollins-buys-william-morrow-avon/}} 27. ^{{cite press release |url=https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20031218005134/en/Marvel-Acquires-Cover-Concepts-Extend-Demographic-Reach |title=Marvel Acquires Cover Concepts to Extend Demographic Reach |accessdate=May 2, 2018 |publisher=Marvel Enterprises |via=Business Wire |date=December 18, 2003}} 28. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118007820.html?categoryid=14&cs=1|title=A&E Acquires Lifetime|last=|first=|date=August 27, 2009|newspaper=Variety|access-date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102232152/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118007820?refCatId=14|archive-date=November 2, 2012|subscription=yes}} 29. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/329151-A_E_Networks_Lifetime_Merger_Completed.php |title=A&E Networks, Lifetime Merger Completed |magazine=Broadcasting & Cable |date=August 27, 2009}} 30. ^{{cite news|url=http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/03/google-and-hearst-make-digital-acquisitions/|title=Google and Hearst Make Digital Acquisitions|last=Elliott|first=Stuart|date=June 3, 2010|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=|subscription=yes}} 31. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.wwd.com/media-news/fashion-memopad/hearst-magazines-international-makes-digital-hire-7491274 |title=Hearst Magazines International Makes Digital Hire |magazine=Women's Wear Daily |date=February 20, 2014 |accessdate=February 24, 2014 |last=Steigrad |first=Alexandra}} 32. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/cotown/la-et-ct-dreamworks-hearst-20141211-story.html|title=Hearst Corp. buys 25% stake in AwesomenessTV|last1=Verrier|first1=Richard|date=December 11, 2014|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=December 16, 2014|subscription=yes}} 33. ^{{cite news |title=Hearst Invests in Media Entertainment Production Company |url=http://www.adweek.com/tvspy/hearst-invests-in-media-entertainment-production-company/183796 |journal=TVSpy |last=Eck |first=Kevin |date=January 9, 2017 |accessdate=28 August 2018}} 34. ^{{cite news |title=Hearst Acquires Majority Stake in Independent Distributor Litton Entertainment |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/hearst-entertainment-litton-acquires-syndication-1201954104/ |newspaper=Variety |last=Littleton |first=Cynthia |date=January 6, 2017 |accessdate=28 August 2018}} 35. ^{{cite news| title=Hearst buys 145-year-old Pioneer Group from Batdorff family members| url=http://www.inlandpress.org/stories/hearst-buys-145-year-old-pioneer-group-from-batdorff-family-members,8258| date=February 10, 2017| accessdate=28 August 2018| website=Inland Press Association}} 36. ^{{cite news| title=Hearst Media Acquires New Haven Register, Other Digital First Assets| url=http://www.wnpr.org/post/hearst-media-acquires-new-haven-register-other-digital-first-assets| last=Jones| first=Harriet| date=June 6, 2017| website=Connecticut Public Radio| network=NPR}} 37. ^{{cite news| last=Singer| first=Stephen| url=http://www.courant.com/business/hc-hearst-acquisitions-20170605-story.html| title=Hearst Acquires New Haven Register, Other Publications| date=June 5, 2017| newspaper=Hartford Courant}} 38. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.bizjournals.com/stlouis/news/2017/09/01/hearst-acquires-alton-newspaper.html| title=Hearst Acquires Alton Newspaper| date=September 1, 2017| last=Mueller| first=Angela| newspaper=St. Louis Business Journal| accessdate=28 August 2018}} 39. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.myjournalcourier.com/news/113333/hearst-acquires-journal-courier-telegraph| title=Hearst Acquires Journal-Courier, Telegraph| date=August 31, 2017| newspaper=Journal-Courier}} 40. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.mcall.com/business/mc-biz-hearst-buys-rodale-20170927-story.html| title=Media giant Hearst will acquire Rodale| last=Wagaman| first=Andrew| date=October 18, 2017| work=The Morning Call| access-date=21 October 2017| location=Allentown, Pennsylvania}} 41. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/hearst-agrees-to-acquire-rodale-inc-publisher-of-mens-health-and-runners-world-1508361381| title=Hearst Agrees to Acquire Rodale Inc., Publisher of Men's Health and Runner's World| last=Trachtenberg| first=Jeffrey A.| date=October 18, 2017| newspaper=The Wall Street Journal| access-date=21 October 2017| issn=0099-9660| subscription=yes}} 42. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/02/28/archives/hearst-corporation-reassigns-several-of-its-top-executives.html| title=Hearst Corporation Reassigns Several of Its Top Executives| date=February 28, 1973| newspaper=The New York Times| accessdate=28 August 2018}} 43. ^{{cite book| last1=Hearst Jr.| first1=William Randolph| first2=Jack| last2=Casserly| title=The Hearsts: Father and Son| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ep9ZAAAAMAAJ&dq=The+Hearst%27s%3A+Father+and+Son&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=berlin+alzheimer%27s| location=New York| publisher=Roberts Rinehart| page=309-310| year=1991| isbn=978-1879373044}} 44. ^{{cite press release| title=Frank Massi, Former President of the Hearst Corporation, Dead at 85| url=http://www.hearst.com/newsroom/frank-massi-former-president-of-the-hearst-corporation-dead-at-85| date=August 7, 1995| accessdate=28 August 2018}} 45. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.hearst.com/files/hearst-timeline-november-2011.pdf |format=PDF |title=A brief history of the Hearst Corporation |accessdate=January 25, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428080513/http://www.hearst.com/files/hearst-timeline-november-2011.pdf |archivedate=April 28, 2012}} 46. ^{{cite web| url=https://www.hearst.com/about/bios/frank-a-bennack-Jr| title=Frank A. Bennack, Jr.| website=Hearst Corporation| access-date=16 August 2018}} 47. ^{{cite web| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=90817&privcapId=233421838| title=Company Overview of Pulte Capital Partners LLC: Executive Profile, Victor F. Ganzi| journal=Bloomberg Businessweek| access-date=16 August 2018}} 48. ^{{cite web| url=https://www.hearst.com/about/bios/steven-r-swartz| title=Steven R. Swartz| website=Hearst Corporation| access-date=16 August 2018}} 49. ^{{cite news| url=https://nypost.com/2018/06/25/hearst-magazine-boss-david-carey-stepping-down/| title=Hearst magazine boss David Carey stepping down| date=June 25, 2018| newspaper=New York Post| access-date=16 August 2018}} 50. ^{{cite web| title=Troy Young| url=http://www.hearst.com/about/bios/troy-young| website=Hearst Corporation| accessdate=28 August 2018}} 51. ^{{cite web| title=Jeffrey M. Johnson| url=http://www.hearst.com/about/bios/jeffrey-m-johnson| website=Hearst Corporation| accessdate=28 August 2018}} 52. ^{{cite web| title=Mark Adam| url=https://www.hearst.com/about/bios/mark-e-aldam| website=Hearst Corporation| accessdate=28 August 2018}} 53. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/book-deals/article/43611-sterling-hearst-renew-agreement.html| title=Sterling, Hearst Renew Agreement| date=June 23, 2010| magazine=Publishers Weekly| accessdate=28 August 2018}} 54. ^{{cite press release |url=http://www.hearst.com/newsroom/hearst-magazines-digital-media-and-msn-launch-delish-com |title=Hearst Magazines Digital Media and MSN Launch Delish.com |date=September 23, 2008 |publisher=Hearst Communications}} 55. ^{{cite web| website=D&B Hoovers| title=Company Profile: Hearst Interactive Media| url=http://www.hoovers.com/company-information/cs/company-profile.Hearst_Interactive_Media.dffb10e4fcb693af.html| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130119232415/http://www.hoovers.com/company-information/cs/company-profile.hearst_interactive_media.dffb10e4fcb693af.html| archivedate= January 19, 2013}} 56. ^{{cite press release| title=Kaboodle to Merge with StyleSpot| date=September 30, 2011| url=http://www.hearst.com/newsroom/kaboodle-to-merge-with-stylespot| access-date=5 August 2018}} 57. ^{{cite web| url=https://www.hearstfdn.org/about/about-hearst-foundations/| title=About the Hearst Foundations| website=Hearst Foundations| accessdate=28 August 2018}} 58. ^[https://www.heartfdn.org/about/board-of-directors]{{dead link|date=August 2018}} 59. ^{{Cite web|url=http://archive.fortune.com/2009/11/24/news/companies/bunky_hearst.fortune/index.htm|title=Citizen Bunky: A Hearst family scandal - Nov. 25, 2009|website=archive.fortune.com|access-date=2018-12-24}} 60. ^{{cite press release| url=http://www.hearst.com/newsroom/mitchell-scherzer-elected-a-trustee-of-the-hearst-family| title=Mitchell Scherzer Elected a Trustee of the Hearst Family Trust| accessdate=28 August 2018}} External links{{Commons category|Hearst Corporation}}
12 : Hearst Communications|Hearst family|Magazine publishing companies of the United States|Newspaper companies of the United States|Internet marketing companies|Publishing companies based in New York City|Companies based in Manhattan|American companies established in 1887|Publishing companies established in 1887|1887 establishments in California|Privately held companies based in New York City|William Randolph Hearst |
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