| 词条 | Canongate Tolbooth |
| 释义 |
HistoryThe tower of the tolbooth was built in 1591, and the block to the east of it at that time or slightly after, by Sir Lewis Bellenden, baron of Broughton and feudal superior of the burgh of Canongate and Lord Justice Clerk of Scotland.[1][2] It was the courthouse, burgh jail and meeting place of the town council.[1] In 1875, the City Architect, Robert Morham extensively restored and remodelled the exterior. Internally, the first and attic floors were combined to make a single floor, now The People's Story Museum.[5][3] DesignThe Tolbooth comprises a bell tower with a lower block to the east that contained the council chamber and courtroom.[4] The tower has two bartizans with ornamental gunloops on either side of a clock, dated 1884, which is suspended over the Royal Mile by wrought iron brackets.[2][5] Above the bartizans is a conical spire[5] while at street level there is a round-arched pend that leads into Tolbooth Wynd.[6] Architectural features of the east block include a stone forestair which leads to a door next to the tower,[4] an oriel window,[2] and four pedimented dormers by Morham, based on Gordon of Rothiemay's map of 1647, that replaced three piended ones. To the east of the tolbooth, down the Royal Mile, is the Kirk of the Canongate and the Canongate Kirkyard.[6] References1. ^1 2 {{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB27582|desc=163 Canongate, Canongate Tolbooth|cat=A|access-date=28 March 2019}} {{commons category}}{{coord|55.9515|-3.1800|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}}2. ^1 2 {{cite book |last=Youngson |first=A. J. |title=The Companion Guide to Edinburgh and the Borders |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rwBdMoxgpn4C&pg=PA54 |year=2001 |publisher=Companion Guides |isbn=978-1-900639-38-5 |page=54}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.scottish-places.info/features/featurefirst1274.html |title=Canongate Tolbooth |work=Gazetteer for Scotland |accessdate=1 September 2014}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.scotlandsplaces.gov.uk/record/rcahms/52527/edinburgh-163-canongate-canongate-tolbooth-city-museum/rcahms |title=Edinburgh, 163 Canongate, Canongate Tolbooth, City Museum |publisher=ScotlandsPlaces |accessdate=1 September 2014}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book |last1=Gifford |first1=John |last2=McWilliam |first2=Colin |last3=Walker |first3=David |title=Edinburgh |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=mvmDV3oeRU0C&pg=PA175 |year=1984 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-09672-9 |page=175}} 6. ^1 {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lqQHAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA26 |title=Guide to Edinburgh and its neighbourhood |publisher=Oliver and Boyd |accessdate=2017-06-27 }} 7 : Buildings and structures in Edinburgh|Tourist attractions in Edinburgh|Defunct prisons in Edinburgh|Listed prison buildings in Scotland|Category A listed buildings in Edinburgh|Royal Mile|1591 establishments in Scotland |
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