| 词条 | Hermiston, Oregon | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| official_name = Hermiston, Oregon | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = Hermiston - old business district - July 2013.JPG | imagesize = | image_caption = Historic business district of Hermiston | image_flag = | image_seal = | nickname = | motto = "Where life is sweet." | image_map = Umatilla_County_Oregon_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Hermiston_Highlighted.svg | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = Location in Oregon | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | coordinates = {{coord|45|50|28|N|119|17|30|W|type:city(15030)_region:US-OR_source:gnis-1167708|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = United States | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name1 = Oregon | subdivision_name2 = Umatilla | established_title = Incorporated | established_date = 1907 | government_type = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Dr. David A. Drotzmann | area_footnotes = [1] | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = 20.23 | area_total_sq_mi = 7.81 | area_land_km2 = 20.23 | area_land_sq_mi = 7.81 | area_water_km2 = 0 | area_water_sq_mi = 0 | area_urban_km2 = | area_urban_sq_mi = | area_metro_km2 = | area_metro_sq_mi = | elevation_m = 196 | elevation_ft = 643 | population_total = 16745 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_footnotes = [2] | population_density_km2 = 827.8 | population_density_sq_mi = 2144.0 | population_est = 18200 | pop_est_as_of = 2018[1] | population_urban = | population_metro = | population_note = | postal_code_type = ZIP code | postal_code = 97838 | area_code = 541 | website = hermiston.or.us | footnotes = | | timezone = Pacific | utc_offset = -8 | timezone_DST = Pacific | utc_offset_DST = -7 | blank_name = FIPS code | blank_info = 41-33700[2] | blank1_name = GNIS feature ID | blank1_info = 1167708[2] }}Hermiston ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|ɜːr|m|ə|s|t|ə|n|}}) is a city in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. Its population of 18,200[3] makes it the largest city in Eastern Oregon. Hermiston is the largest, and fastest-growing, city in the Hermiston-Pendleton Micropolitan Statistical Area, the eighth largest Core Based Statistical Area in Oregon with a combined population of 87,062 at the 2010 census.[2] Hermiston sits near the junction of I-82 and I-84, and is 7 miles south of the Columbia River, Lake Wallula, and the McNary Dam. The Hermiston area has become a hub for logistics and data center activity due to the proximity of the I-82 and I-84 interchange, Pacific Northwest fiber optic backbone, and low power costs[4]. The city is also known for its watermelons, which are part of its branding.[5] HistoryThe historic inhabitants of the area were the indigenous Umatilla, Cayuse, Walla Walla, and Columbia Indians, descendants of peoples who lived in this area for thousands of years. The earliest European settlers were Catholic missionaries who established a mission near Pendleton in 1847. The territorial government organized Umatilla County in 1862 from the larger Wasco County. On July 10, 1907, the town of Hermiston was incorporated. Robert Louis Stevenson's novel Weir of Hermiston inspired the name. EconomyRetailHermiston serves as the retail and services center for much of western Umatilla County,[6] as well as Morrow County and parts of Gilliam county. Hermiston's Local Trade Area, which describes the area where people will travel to purchase items on a weekly basis, stretches from Pendleton on the East, the Columbia River to the North, Heppner to the South, and Gilliam County to the West. There were 46,000 people living within Hermiston's Local Trade Area based on 2010 U.S. Census data.[7] Major national chain retailers in Hermiston include Wal-Mart, Home Depot, Big Lots, Sears, AutoZone, Big 5 Sporting Goods and Harbor Freight, among many others. The community also has Ford, Chevy, Dodge, Toyota, and Subaru dealerships. Despite a relatively robust local retail & services market, Hermiston experiences significant retail sales leakage to the Tri-Cities for items purchased on less than a weekly basis. The Tri-Cities, located approximately 30 minutes north of Hermiston in Washington, had a metro-area population of 275,740 as of April 1, 2014, making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Washington.[8] WorkforceHermiston has the largest 30-mile-radius workforce in Eastern Oregon. According to 2014 U.S. Census estimates, there were 119,632 people actively employed within a 30-mile radius of Hermiston;[9] in comparison, there are 75,075 in the next-largest regional Labor Shed in Bend.[9] Hermiston-area employers benefit greatly from the proximity of the Tri-Cities in Washington which, based on light traffic, and easy freeway access, is approximately 30–35 minutes to the north of Hermiston. Top employersAccording to Hermiston's 2014 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[10] the top employers in the city are:
ParksThe City of Hermiston Parks Department maintains 10 parks, 13 landscape areas, and 100-plus acres for the enjoyment of the community. In addition to the developed parks, the Department also has 50 additional acres planned for future development. Recent major enhancements include the additions of Riverfront Park, the Oxbow Trail, and continual additions to the Hermiston Family Aquatic Center. Riverfront Park features 16 acres of open grassy areas alongside the Umatilla River, as well as nearly a mile of paved walking paths, with playground equipment, picnic shelters, restrooms, and fishing access. A 1.8-mile paved walking path, named the Oxbow Trail, was added in 2015 to connect Riverfront Park with the north side of town near Good Shepherd Medical Center. The Trail winds through protected wetland area for nearly the entirety of its length and also connects to Harrison Park. GeographyAccording to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|7.81|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.[12] Distance to major cities:
Hermiston's recent population growth is due to its proximity to large cities in the Pacific Northwest and its location along two major freeways.[13][14] {{clear}}ClimateAccording to the Köppen climate classification system, Hermiston has a steppe climate (Köppen BSk). {{Weather box|location = Hermiston |single line = Y | Jan record high F = 77 | Feb record high F = 75 | Mar record high F = 84 | Apr record high F = 96 | May record high F = 102 | Jun record high F = 108 | Jul record high F = 112 | Aug record high F = 113 | Sep record high F = 102 | Oct record high F = 92 | Nov record high F = 79 | Dec record high F = 83 | year record high F = 113 | Jan high F = 39.9 | Feb high F = 47.6 | Mar high F = 58.3 | Apr high F = 66.9 | May high F = 75.2 | Jun high F = 82.5 | Jul high F = 90.4 | Aug high F = 88.7 | Sep high F = 79.7 | Oct high F = 66.8 | Nov high F = 50.8 | Dec high F = 41.8 | year high F = 65.7 | Jan low F = 23.6 | Feb low F = 27.8 | Mar low F = 32.9 | Apr low F = 38.8 | May low F = 45.6 | Jun low F = 52.4 | Jul low F = 57.1 | Aug low F = 55.2 | Sep low F = 47 | Oct low F = 37.9 | Nov low F = 31.1 | Dec low F = 26.5 | year low F = 39.7 | Jan record low F = -35 | Feb record low F = -29 | Mar record low F = 6 | Apr record low F = 14 | May record low F = 22 | Jun record low F = 32 | Jul record low F = 38 | Aug record low F = 35 | Sep record low F = 21 | Oct record low F = 6 | Nov record low F = -12 | Dec record low F = -37 | year record low F = -37 | precipitation colour = green | Jan precipitation inch = 1.22 | Feb precipitation inch = 0.9 | Mar precipitation inch = 0.76 | Apr precipitation inch = 0.67 | May precipitation inch = 0.65 | Jun precipitation inch = 0.59 | Jul precipitation inch = 0.19 | Aug precipitation inch = 0.28 | Sep precipitation inch = 0.44 | Oct precipitation inch = 0.72 | Nov precipitation inch = 1.2 | Dec precipitation inch = 1.22 | year precipitation inch = 8.85 | Jan precipitation days = 10 | Feb precipitation days = 9 | Mar precipitation days = 7 | Apr precipitation days = 6 | May precipitation days = 5 | Jun precipitation days = 5 | Jul precipitation days = 2 | Aug precipitation days = 2 | Sep precipitation days = 4 | Oct precipitation days = 6 | Nov precipitation days = 10 | Dec precipitation days = 11 | Jan snow inch = 5 | Feb snow inch = 2.4 | Mar snow inch = 0.2 | Apr snow inch = 0 | May snow inch = 0 | Jun snow inch = 0 | Jul snow inch = 0 | Aug snow inch = 0 | Sep snow inch = 0 | Oct snow inch = 0 | Nov snow inch = 1.2 | Dec snow inch = 2.4 | year snow inch = 11.2 |source 1 = [15] |date=November 2015 }} Demographics{{US Census population|1910= 647 |1920= 647 |1930= 608 |1940= 803 |1950= 3804 |1960= 4402 |1970= 4893 |1980= 9408 |1990= 10040 |2000= 13154 |2010= 16745 |estyear=2018 |estimate=18200 |estref=[16] |footnote=Sources:[2][17][18][19][20][21] }} 2018 Portland State University population estimatesThe Population Research Center at Portland State University provides annual official population estimates to the State of Oregon. Hermiston's certified population estimate as of July 1, 2018 was 18,200[22] which is an increase of approximately 1,500 residents since the 2010 Census. It has the largest population of any city in Oregon east of Bend, and the only one larger than 18,000. 2010 censusAs of the census of 2010, there were 16,745 people, 6,050 households, and 4,184 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|2144.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 6,373 housing units at an average density of {{convert|816.0|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 74.2% White, 0.8% African American, 1.3% Native American, 1.5% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 19.0% from other races, and 3.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 34.9% of the population.[23] There were 6,050 households of which 42.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.9% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 30.8% were non-families. 25.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.28.[23] The median age in the city was 30.9 years. 31.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.3% were from 25 to 44; 20.8% were from 45 to 64; and 11% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.4% male and 50.6% female.[23] EducationK-12Hermiston School District is the largest district in Eastern Oregon, with 5,297 students in the 2014-15 school year.[24] The district has one high school, Hermiston High School, which hosts 1,500 students.[24] Due to the school's size, it is able to offer comprehensive programming and courses for all students. The district also is composed of two middle schools, five elementary schools, and 1 alternative school. There are also two private schools in Hermiston. Higher educationBlue Mountain Community College has a branch in Hermiston. Eastern Oregon University also hosts undergraduate and graduate-level courses at the Eastern Oregon Higher Education Center in Hermiston. TransportationHighways and roadsHermiston benefits from being near the exact center of the Pacific Northwest, and at the crossroads of several major interstate highways. Drivers can easily access all four major Northwest metropolitan areas in just a half-day's drive. Portland is less than 3 hours to the West, and drivers can also reach Spokane in less than 3 hours to the east, while Seattle and Boise are both approximately 4 hours away to the northwest and southeast, respectively. Highways serving Hermiston include Interstate 84 and U.S. Route 30, both of which run east–west, U.S. Route 395, which runs north-south, and Interstate 82, which has its southern terminus near Hermiston and continues north to Ellensburg, Washington. Major transportation-related businesses in Hermiston include Wal-Mart's Northwest Distribution Center, and both FedEx and United Parcel Service (UPS) have freight distribution facilities in Hermiston. RailHermiston is on the La Grande Subdivision of the Union Pacific Railroad, constructed originally through the area in the 1870s as the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company. Railroad facilities include the Hinkle Locomotive Service and Repair Facility and "hump yard" located just outside the city. AirportsHermiston Municipal Airport is a city-owned airport serving General Aviation pilots, corporate jet traffic, agricultural operations, and cargo operations. There are currently no commercial flights out of Hermiston. Tri-Cities Airport is located approximately 40 minutes north of Hermiston, and offers commercial flights to Seattle, Salt Lake City, Denver, Minneapolis, Las Vegas, Portland, San Francisco, and Phoenix. In 2014, due to strong growth in demand, the Port of Pasco approved a $42 million renovation and expansion, that will double the size of the current terminal. MediaRadio
Newspapers
Notable people
Annual events
Hermiston Education Foundation Beach & Beef Dinner Auction 1st Saturday in February. See also
Footnotes1. ^https://www.pdx.edu/prc/population-reports-estimates 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}} 3. ^https://www.pdx.edu/prc/population-reports-estimates 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.eastoregonian.com/news/local/big-data/article_fcb4f80d-4a1c-51a4-82b8-462f0c3f73eb.html|title=Big Data|last=|first=|date=|website=East Oregonian|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 5. ^{{cite news|last1=Carlton|first1=Jim|title=A Town Known for Watermelons Is Suddenly Ripe for Change|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=February 7, 2015|pages=A1, A8}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.hermiston.or.us/sites/hermiston.or.us/files/File/economic-development/2011-CoH-retailanalysis.pdf|title = Hermiston Retail Market Analysis 2011|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }} 7. ^{{Cite web|url = http://www.hermiston.or.us/sites/hermiston.or.us/files/File/economic-development/2011-CoH-retailanalysis.pdf|title = Hermiston Retail Market Analysis 2011|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = |last = |first = }} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.ofm.wa.gov/POP/april1/ofm_april1_population_final.pdf|title=April 1, 2015 Population of Cities Towns and Counties Used for Allocation of Selected State Revenues State of Washington|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=}} 9. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.hermiston.or.us/access-labor|title=Access Labor {{!}} City of Hermiston|website=www.hermiston.or.us|access-date=2016-03-08}} 10. ^{{cite web|title = City of Hermiston, Oregon, Comprehensive Financial Report for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2015|url = http://www.hermiston.or.us/sites/hermiston.or.us/files/File/FinanceDepartment/1314-comprehensive-financial-report.pdf|format = PDF|publisher = City of Hermiston|accessdate = June 3, 2015}} 11. ^{{Cite web|url=http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/examples/servlet/transform/tamino/Library/lewisandclarkjournals?&_xmlsrc=http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/lewisandclark/files/xml/1805-10-19.xml&_xslsrc=http://libtextcenter.unl.edu/lewisandclark/LCstyles.xsl|title=October 19, 1805|accessdate=2006-12-10|publisher=University of Nebraska Lincoln|author=Lewis, Meriweather & William Clark|work=The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition Online}} 12. ^1 {{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2012-12-21 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64vfLAeJ2?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=2012-01-24 |df= }} 13. ^{{cite news | last = Hutchinson-Talaski | first = Karen | title = Hermiston growth leads the way | work = The Hermiston Herald | publisher = Western Communications | date = 2006-11-24 | url = http://www.hermistonherald.com/news/story.cfm?story_no=2776 | accessdate = 2006-12-10}} 14. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.hermiston.or.us/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC=%7B915F09C5-C53D-4BBD-88B4-44287549123D%7D |title=Population Trends |accessdate=2006-12-10 |publisher=City of Hermiston |year=2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925105234/http://www.hermiston.or.us/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC=%7B915F09C5-C53D-4BBD-88B4-44287549123D%7D |archivedate=2006-09-25 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?or3847 |title=HERMISTON 1 SE, OR (353847) |accessdate=November 23, 2015 |publisher=Western Regional Climate Center }} 16. ^https://www.pdx.edu/prc/population-reports-estimates 17. ^{{cite web|title=Population-Oregon|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/36894832v3ch4.pdf|work=U.S. Census 1910|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=22 November 2013}} 18. ^{{cite web|title=Population-Oregon|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/03815512v1ch08.pdf|work=15th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=27 November 2013}} 19. ^{{cite web|title=Number of Inhabitants: Oregon|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/37749197v1p39ch2.pdf|work=18th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=22 November 2013}} 20. ^{{cite web|title=Oregon: Population and Housing Unit Counts|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-39.pdf|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=22 November 2013}} 21. ^{{cite web|title=Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=25 November 2013|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6HQu4Spqa?url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012.html|archivedate=17 June 2013|df=}} 22. ^{{Cite web|title = Portland State College of Urban & Public Affairs: Population Research Center {{!}} Population Estimates and Reports|url = https://www.pdx.edu/prc/population-reports-estimates|website = www.pdx.edu|accessdate = 2016-12-23}} 23. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2012-12-21}} 24. ^1 {{Cite web|title = DBI Reports|url = http://www.ode.state.or.us/sfda/reports/r0073Select2.asp|website = www.ode.state.or.us|accessdate = 2015-12-04}} 25. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.racehermiston.com |title=Columbia Motor Speedway Park homepage |accessdate=2012-09-13}} 26. ^FarmCityEntry Further reading
External links{{commons category|Hermiston, Oregon}}
5 : Hermiston, Oregon|Cities in Oregon|Cities in Umatilla County, Oregon|Pendleton–Hermiston Micropolitan Statistical Area|1907 establishments in Oregon |
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