1. Design and planning
    Interior  Environment 

2. Construction
    Gallery 

3. Tenancy

4. Heron Plaza

5. See also

6. References

7. External links

110 Bishopsgate (formerly Heron Tower) is a commercial skyscraper in London. It stands {{convert|230|m|ft|0}} tall^[4] including its {{convert|28|m|ft|0|adj=on}} mast making it the tallest building in the City of London financial district^[5] and the third tallest in Greater London and the United Kingdom, after the Shard in Southwark and One Canada Square at Canary Wharf. 110 Bishopsgate is located on Bishopsgate and is bordered by Camomile Street, Outwich Street and Houndsditch.

Construction of the building started in 2007 and was completed in 2011. It is owned by Heron International and is still popularly known as Heron Tower, though following a naming dispute in 2014 involving the tenant Salesforce.com^[6] the City of London ruled in favour of the property being officially named 110 Bishopsgate.^[7] The tower initially struggled to attract tenants in the depths of the Great Recession, but is now fully let.^[8]

Design and planning

Designed by architects Kohn Pedersen Fox, the height of 110 Bishopsgate was planned to be only 183 m, identical to that of Tower 42, the City of London's then tallest building since 1980.

It attracted some controversy when first announced due to its proximity to St Paul's Cathedral when viewed from Waterloo Bridge. English Heritage was notably vocal in expressing concerns. A public inquiry was subsequently held, the outcome of which was decided by deputy prime minister John Prescott, who ruled in the developers' favour. The tower was given final approval for construction in July 2002.

Three years later, the project had yet to begin construction. In September 2005 the Heron Property Corporation submitted a planning application to increase the height of its approved building. Heron's revised plans now proposed a {{convert|202|m|ft|0|adj=on}} tall tower topped by a {{convert|28|m|ft|0|adj=on}} mast, giving it a total height of {{convert|230|m|ft|0}}. Although the design was largely identical to the previous scheme, the tower's crown and southern façades were refined. In January 2006, the revised project was approved by the City of London Corporation.

In February 2013 it was revealed in The Times that backers of the tower included Prince Abdul Aziz bin Fahd, a son of the late King Fahd of Saudi Arabia.^[9]

Interior

110 Bishopsgate was designed to feature a concierge-style entrance and reception area, incorporating a 70,000 litre aquarium containing around 1,200 fish.^[10] The aquarium is the largest privately owned example in the United Kingdom and contains over 60 species of fish in an entirely sustainable ecosystem; the species were selected by expert biologists and animal curators to ensure compatibility and adaptability to the environment. The tank is attended to by a team of two full-time fish attendants, who feed the fish a diet rich in natural ingredients according to their requirements and monitor the tank for water chemistry and fish health, and two to three part-time divers who clean the rockwork and glass regularly.

A bar-restaurant called The Drift occupies part of the ground and first floors.^[11] There is a restaurant and "sky bar" leased to Sushi Samba and Duck & Waffle, both open to the public, on floors 38–40.^[12] Situated {{convert|175|m|ft|0}} above the City and accessed by scenic lifts from a dedicated entrance on Bishopsgate, the restaurant and bar also have external terraces.^[13]

Environment

The building uses photovoltaic cells to generate renewable energy, allowing it to achieve a BREEAM rating of 'excellent' in January 2010.^[14]

Construction

In March 2007, it was confirmed that Heron had signed a funding deal with the State General Reserve Fund of Oman to provide the equity for the development.^[15] The works were carried out by Skanska and completed in January 2011.^[16]

Gallery

Tenancy

The tower's first confirmed tenant was the law firm McDermott Will & Emery, which signed up in July 2010 while the building was still under construction.^[17] However, in a difficult lettings market the building struggled to find enough tenants to fill it and in September 2013 only 59% of the available office space had been let.^[18] As a result, the project required refinancing, with Starwood Capital Group stepping in to provide a £288 million refinancing facility to avoid the project going into receivership.^[19]

Subsequent agreed tenants included the pensions company Partnership Assurance, investment fund manager Securis Investment Partners, stockbroker Westhouse Securities, POWA, recruitment firm Harvey Nash,^[20] Openwork, and Salesforce.com, the software firm.^[21] As part of Salesforce's deal to take an additional 50,000 sq ft on levels 28-31 on a 15-year lease, it reportedly purchased naming rights to the tower, just as it had for its headquarters building in San Francisco. After much deliberation with the City of London planners, the building's official name was confirmed as 110 Bishopsgate, with Salesforce Tower able to be used as an informal name.^[22]

Landmark has offered serviced office space from floors 17-19 of the tower since 2011, achieving above-average occupancy rates for London.^[23] The top floors of the building are occupied by the Sushi Samba and Duck & Waffle restaurants.

The London office of the U.S. publicly listed low cost online brokerage platform with clients in two hundred countries, Interactive Brokers ({{Investors Exchange|IBKR}}|S&P 400 Component) is also present on level 20.^[25]

In January 2016, it was confirmed that the building was fully let.^[8]

Heron Plaza

The tower was designed to form the centrepiece of a larger Heron Plaza development, incorporating new public spaces and a network of squares and gardens. In July 2009, Heron International confirmed that it had signed heads of terms with Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts to develop a mixed-use project adjacent to 110 Bishopsgate.^[26] In January 2011, Heron announced that planning permission for the development had been secured. In August 2014, Heron sold the site, with planning permission, to UOL Group, who said it would push ahead with the scheme and operate the hotel under its 'Pan Pacific' brand.^[27]

See also

• List of tallest buildings and structures in London
• 100 Bishopsgate
• City of London landmarks
• The Heron
• Double-deck elevator
• Tower 42

References

External links

• Official Heron Tower website
• Project page of Skanska
• [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hGgPBB9zIG8 Video of Heron Tower on YouTube]
•  
• https://www.commerciallistings.cbre.co.uk/uk/en-GB/listings/property/details/GB-Plus-437870/salesforce-tower-110-bishopsgate-ec2n-4ay?view=isLetting

• François-Marie de Voltaire
• François Marie Louis Corbière
• François Marie Martínez Picabia
• François-Marie Renaud d'Avène des Meloizes
• François Marie Savina
• François-marie Savina
• François-Marie Savina
• François Marie Voltaire
• François Marinus Dieleman
• François Marits
• François-Marius Granet
• François Marquet
• François Marry
• François Marthouret
• François Martin
• François Martin (composer)
• François Martin (disambiguation)
• François Massau
• François Mathias René Leprieur
• François Mathieu (painter)
• François Mathy
• François Maucroix
• François Mauguin
• François-Maximilien Bibaud
• François Maximillian Elliott