| 词条 | Hersch Lauterpacht |
| 释义 |
| name = Sir Hersch Lauterpacht | image = Hersch_lauterpacht.jpg | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1897|08|16}} | birth_place = Zolkiew, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Austria-Hungary | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1960|05|08|1897|08|16}} | death_place = London, England | other_names = | known_for = | occupation = Judge of the international court of justice | nationality = }} Sir Hersch Lauterpacht QC (16 August 1897 – 8 May 1960) was a Polish-British lawyer and judge at the International Court of Justice. BiographyHersh Lauterpacht was born on 16 August 1897 to a Jewish family in the small town of Zolkiew, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Ukraine), near Lemberg, the capital of East Galicia. In 1911 his family moved to Lemberg. In 1915 he enrolled in the law school of the University of Lviv; it is not clear whether he graduated. Lauterpacht himself later wrote that he had not been able to take the final examinations “because the university has been closed to Jews in Eastern Galicia". He then moved to Vienna, and then London, where he became an international lawyer. He obtained a PhD degree from the London School of Economics in 1925, writing his dissertation on Private Law Sources and Analogies of International Law, published in 1927.[1] By 1937 he had written several books on international law. He assisted in the prosecution of the defendants at the Nuremberg trials- helping to draft the British prosecutor's (Hartley Shawcross) speech [2]. Lauterpacht was a member of the United Nations' International Law Commission from 1952 to 1954 and a Judge of the International Court of Justice from 1955 to 1960. In the words of former ICJ President Stephen M. Schwebel, Judge Sir Hersch Lauterpacht's "attainments are unsurpassed by any international lawyer of this century [...] he taught and wrote with unmatched distinction".[3] Hersch's writings and (concurring and dissenting) opinions continue, nearly 50 years after his death, to be cited frequently in briefs, judgments, and advisory opinions of the World Court. He famously said "international law is at the vanishing point of law".[4] The Lauterpacht Centre for International Law at the University of Cambridge is named after him and his son, Sir Elihu Lauterpacht, CBE, QC, who founded the Centre and was its first director;[5] Elihu remained actively involved in its work as Director Emeritus and Honorary Professor of International Law until his death in February 2017. Samuel Moyn has suggested that Hersch was one of the few international lawyers actively campaigning for human rights in the late 1940s, and that he had "denounced the Universal Declaration as a shameful defeat of the ideals it grandly proclaimed".[6]Major works
See also
References1. ^{{cite journal|url=http://www.judicialmonitor.org/archive_1206/leadingfigures.html|title=Sir Hersch Lauterpacht (1897-1960)|journal=International Judicial Monitor|year=2006|volume=1|issue=5}} 2. ^ Oona Hathaway and Scott J. Shapito The internationalists and their plan to outlaw war pp. 282-4 3. ^{{cite book|last=Schwebel|first=Stephen M.|title=International Arbitration: Three Salient Problems by Stephen M. Schwebel|location=Cambridge|publisher=Grotius Publications|year=1987|series=Hersch Lauterpacht Memorial Lectures 1987|isbn=9780949009029|page=xiii}} 4. ^{{cite book|editor-last=Butler|editor-first=William Elliott|title=Control Over Compliance With International Law|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jOG9eCMiX_kC&pg=PA195|year=1991|location=Dordecht|publisher=Nijhoff|isbn=0-7923-1025-X|page=195}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Establishment and Development - Lauterpacht Centre for International Law|url=http://www.lcil.cam.ac.uk/about_the_centre/establishment_and_development.php|publisher=Cambridge University|accessdate=28 June 2012}} 6. ^{{cite book|last1=Moyn|first1=Samuel|title=Human Rights and the Uses of History|date=2014|publisher=Verso|location=New York|isbn=9781781682630|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/human-rights-and-the-uses-of-history/oclc/858956307}} Further reading
External links
19 : 1897 births|1960 deaths|People from Zhovkva|Ukrainian Jews|English judges|International law scholars|International Court of Justice judges|International Law Commission officials|Members of Gray's Inn|Members of the Institut de Droit International|Jews from Galicia (Eastern Europe)|Ukrainian emigrants to the United Kingdom|Austrian emigrants to England|British Jews|Whewell Professors of International Law|Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom|Queen's Counsel 1901–2000|Austrian Jews|British judges of United Nations courts and tribunals |
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