| 词条 | High Energy Transient Explorer | |||||
| 释义 |
| name = High Energy Transient Explorer 1 | names_list = HETE-1 | image = | image_caption = | image_alt = | image_size = | mission_type = High-energy astronomy | operator = NASA | Harvard_designation = | SATCAT = 24645a | COSPAR_ID = 1996-061A | website = | mission_duration = | distance_travelled = | orbits_completed = | suborbital_range = | suborbital_apogee = | spacecraft = | spacecraft_type = | spacecraft_bus = | manufacturer = AeroAstro, Inc | launch_mass = {{convert|128|kg}} | BOL_mass = | landing_mass = | dry_mass = | payload_mass = | dimensions = | power = | launch_date = | launch_rocket = Pegasus-XL | launch_site = Wallops Flight Facility | launch_contractor = | deployment_from = | deployment_date = | entered_service = | disposal_type = Launch failure | deactivated = | destroyed = {{end date|1996|11|04}} | last_contact = | recovery_by = | recovery_date = | decay_date = April 7, 2002 | landing_date = | landing_site =
| programme = | previous_mission = | next_mission = | insignia = | insignia_caption = | insignia_alt = | insignia_size = }}{{Infobox spaceflight | name = High Energy Transient Explorer 2 (HETE 2) | image = File:HETE 2.jpg | image_size = 190px | image_caption = HETE 2 | insignia = | mission_type = Astronomy | operator = NASA | website = | COSPAR_ID = 2000-061A | SATCAT = 26561 | mission_duration = October 2000 - March 2008 | spacecraft_bus = HETE | manufacturer = Massachusetts Institute of Technology | dry_mass = | launch_mass = {{convert|124|kg|lb|0}} | power = 4 deployable fixed solar arrays | launch_date = {{start-date|October 9, 2000, 05:38:00|timezone=yes}} UTC | launch_rocket = Pegasus-H | launch_site = Kwajalein | launch_contractor = | disposal_type = | deactivated = | last_contact = | decay_date = | orbit_epoch = May 9, 2016 at 15:49:27 UTC | orbit_reference = Geocentric | orbit_regime = LEO | orbit_periapsis = {{convert|534|km|mi|sp=us}} | orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|559|km|mi|sp=us}} | orbit_inclination = 1.9485° | orbit_semimajor = {{convert|6932|km|mi|sp=us}} | orbit_eccentricity = 0.0018587 | orbit_period = 95.7 minutes | orbit_RAAN = 207.197 degrees | orbit_arg_periapsis = 13.7551 degrees | orbit_mean_anomaly = 346.2996 degrees | orbit_mean_motion = 85387 | apsis = gee }} The High Energy Transient Explorer (abbreviated HETE; also known as Explorer 79) was an American astronomical satellite with international participation (mainly Japan and France). The prime objective of HETE was to carry out the first multiwavelength study of gamma-ray bursts with UV, X-ray, and gamma-ray instruments mounted on a single, compact spacecraft. A unique feature of the HETE mission was its capability to localize GRBs with ~10 arc second accuracy in near real time aboard the spacecraft, and to transmit these positions directly to a network of receivers at existing ground-based observatories enabling rapid, sensitive follow-up studies in the radio, IR, and optical bands. The satellite bus for the first HETE-1 was designed and built by AeroAstro, Inc. of Herndon, VA; the replacement satellite, HETE-2, was built by MIT based on the original HETE design. Launch attemptsThe first HETE was lost during the launch on November 4, 1996. The Pegasus rocket achieved a good orbit, but explosive bolts releasing HETE from another satellite (Argentina's SAC-B) and from its DPAF (Dual Payload Attach Fitting) envelope failed to charge, dooming both satellites. A battery on the third stage of the rocket and responsible for these bolts cracked during the ascent. A second HETE satellite, HETE-2, was launched on October 9, 2000 in a follow-up mission. It was similar to the first HETE, but replaced the UV camera with an additional X-ray camera (Soft X-ray Camera or SXC) capable of higher localization accuracy than the original X-ray instrument (Wide-Field X-ray Monitor or WXM). HETE-2 was placed in a 625 km altitude Earth orbit with an inclination of 0-2 degrees.[1] Originally planned operational life was 18 months.[2] The mission continued until March 2008.[3] AchievementsAmong the achievements of the HETE-2 mission are:
Burst alert summaryThe HETE website lists 6 GRBs in 2001, 19 in 2002, 25 in 2003, 19 in 2004, 12 in 2005, and 3 in 2006 - the last reported being in March 2006.[4] The trigger summaries list 2 GRBs in May 2006 and an XRB in Jan 2007.[5] Latest statusAs of March 2007, "the operational efficiency of the HETE spacecraft and instruments has decreased due to the advanced age of the NiCd batteries on board."[6] The mission ended in March 2008.[3] GalleryReferences1. ^{{cite web |url=https://space.mit.edu/HETE/spacecraft.html |title=HETE-2 Spacecraft |publisher=MIT School of Science |accessdate=February 18, 2019}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/hete.htm |title=HETE 1, 2 |website=Gunter's Space Page |accessdate=February 18, 2019}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/hete2/hete2.html |title=The HETE-2 Satellite |publisher=Goddard Space Flight Center |date=January 29, 2014 |accessdate=February 18, 2019}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=https://space.mit.edu/HETE/Bursts/ |title=HETE Bursts |publisher=MIT School of Science |accessdate=February 18, 2019}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=https://space.mit.edu/HETE/Bursts/H40xx.html |title=HETE Trigger Summaries: H40xx |publisher=MIT School of Science |date=January 6, 2009 |accessdate=February 18, 2019}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=https://space.mit.edu/HETE/mission_status.html |title=HETE Mission Status |publisher=MIT School of Science |date=March 28, 2007 |accessdate=February 18, 2019}} External links{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
8 : Gamma-ray telescopes|X-ray telescopes|Space observatories|Artificial satellites orbiting Earth|Spacecraft launched in 1996|Spacecraft launched in 2000|Spacecraft launched by Pegasus rockets|Explorers program (NASA) |
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