| 词条 | Highland Park Ford Plant |
| 释义 |
| name =Highland Park Ford Plant | nrhp_type =nhl | image = Farm Mechanics 1922 Ford Highland Park cropped.png | caption =The Highland Park plant in 1922 | location= 91 Manchester Avenue at Woodward Highland Park, Michigan | locmapin = Michigan#USA | area = | built =1910 | architect= Albert Kahn; Edward Gray | architecture= | designated_nrhp_type = June 2, 1978[1] | added = February 6, 1973[2] | governing_body = Private | refnum=73000961 | designated_other1 = Michigan State Historic Site | designated_other1_date = April 17, 1956 | designated_other1_number = | designated_other1_num_position = bottom }} The Highland Park Ford Plant is a former Ford Motor Company factory located at 91 Manchester Avenue (at Woodward Avenue) in Highland Park, Michigan. It was the second American production facility for the Model T automobile and the first factory in history to assemble cars on a moving assembly line. It became a National Historic Landmark in 1978.[2] HistoryThe Highland Park Ford Plant was designed by Albert Kahn Associates in 1908 and was opened in 1910. Ford automotive production had previously taken place at the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant, where the first Model Ts were built. The Highland Park Ford Plant was approximately {{Convert|4|mi}} northwest of the original Dodge Brothers factory who were subcontractors for Ford, producing precision engine and chassis components for the Model T. It was also approximately {{Convert|1|mi}} northwest of the former Brush-Maxwell plant, which later became the headquarters for the Chrysler Corporation. The complex included offices, factories, a power plant and a foundry.[3] About 102 acres in size the Highland Park Plant was the largest manufacturing facility in the world at the time of its opening. Because of its spacious design, it set the precedent for many factories and production plants built thereafter. On October 7, 1913, the Highland Park Ford Plant became the first automobile production facility in the world to implement the moving assembly line.[4][5] The new assembly line improved production time of the Model T from 728 to 93 minutes.[6] The Highland Park assembly line lowered the price of the Model T from $700 in 1910 to $350 in 1917, making it an affordable automobile for most Americans.[7] On January 5, 1914, Ford announced that factory wages would be raised from a daily rate of $2.34 ({{Inflation|US|2.34|1914|fmt=eq}}) to $5.00 ({{Inflation|US|5.00|1914|fmt=eq}}), and that daily shifts would be reduced from nine hours to eight.[8] After the increase in pay, Ford claimed that the turnover rate of 31.9 percent in 1913 decreased to 1.4 percent in 1915.[9] Ford offered nearly three times the wages paid at other unskilled manufacturing plants.[10] In the late 1920s, Ford moved automobile assembly to the River Rouge Plant complex in nearby Dearborn. Automotive trim manufacturing and Fordson tractor assembly continued at the Highland Park plant. The 1,690 M4A3 Sherman tanks built by Ford from June, 1942 to September, 1943 were assembled in this factory, as well. During the 1940s through 1960s, the Highland Park plant was a principal location for Ford U.S. tractor manufacture. In the 1970s, the Romeo, Michigan, plant increasingly displaced it for that role. By the mid-1990s neither plant was producing tractors or tractor parts, as Ford had sold off its tractor and implement interests in stages during the 1990-1993 period. By 2011 it was being used by Ford Motor Company to store documents and for artifact storage for the Henry Ford Museum. A portion is also occupied by a Forman Mills clothing warehouse that opened in 2006.[11] Current statusThe Woodward Avenue Action Association has a purchase agreement with the complex's owner, National Equity Corp., to pay $550,000 for two of eight buildings at the historic Ford manufacturing complex: a four-floor, 40,000-square-foot administration building and the 8,000-square-foot executive garage near it. The center would include a theater with continuous videos, informational kiosks, interpretive displays on automotive history and a gift/coffee/snack shop. It could also be a place where visitors could pick up historical automotive tours, such as the current tour offered by the Woodward group, "In the Steps of Henry."[12] In the mediaThe plant was used as a location for director Shawn Levy's 2011 Disney/Touchstone Pictures film Real Steel.[13] GallerySee also{{Portal|National Register of Historic Places|Cars|Metro Detroit}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1341&ResourceType=Building |title=Highland Park Ford Plant |accessdate=2008-06-27 |work=National Historic Landmark summary listing |publisher=National Park Service |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006235318/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1341&ResourceType=Building |archivedate=2012-10-06 |df= }} 2. ^1 {{NRISref|2007a}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.byways.org/explore/byways/13754/places/37278/|title=Ford Motor Company Highland Park Plant|accessdate=2010-01-23|work=National Scenic Byways Program summary listing|publisher=National Scenic Byways Program}} 4. ^{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=October 7, 2013|title=Ford's Assembly Line Turns 100: How It Changed Manufacturing and Society|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/autos/ford-assembly-line-turns-100-changed-society-article-1.1478331|work=New York Daily News|accessdate=August 27, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131130021237/http://www.nydailynews.com/autos/ford-assembly-line-turns-100-changed-society-article-1.1478331|archivedate=November 30, 2013}} 5. ^{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Preserve Ford Highland Park|url=http://www.woodwardavenue.org/invest/preserve-ford-highland-park/|publisher=Woodward Avenue Action Association|accessdate=October 7, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117034819/http://www.woodwardavenue.org/invest/preserve-ford-highland-park/|archivedate=November 17, 2015}} 6. ^http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/detroit/d32.htm 7. ^{{cite web|author=William Wright |url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/detroit/d32.htm |title=Highland Park Ford Plant |publisher=Nps.gov |date= |accessdate=2013-12-09}} 8. ^{{Cite web|last=Rosenthal|first=Phil|date=January 5, 2014|title=Ford's Visionary Move to Raise Wages Has Lessons Today|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-01-05/business/ct-biz-0105-phil-ford-20140105_1_fordism-wages-henry-ford|work=Chicago Tribune|page=1|accessdate=April 17, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417002117/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-01-05/business/ct-biz-0105-phil-ford-20140105_1_fordism-wages-henry-ford|archivedate=April 17, 2018}} 9. ^{{Cite web|last=Rosenthal|first=Phil|date=January 5, 2014|title=Ford's Visionary Move to Raise Wages Has Lessons Today|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-01-05/business/ct-biz-0105-phil-ford-20140105_1_fordism-wages-henry-ford/2|work=Chicago Tribune|page=2|accessdate=April 17, 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417002212/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2014-01-05/business/ct-biz-0105-phil-ford-20140105_1_fordism-wages-henry-ford/2|archivedate=April 17, 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.woodwardavenue.org/uploaded_pics/pdf/pdf-20110128102909.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-09-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903171513/http://www.woodwardavenue.org/uploaded_pics/pdf/pdf-20110128102909.pdf |archivedate=2013-09-03 |df= }} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.modeldmedia.com/devnews/formill56.aspx|title=Forman Mills discount clothing opens Highland Park warehouse store in former Model T factory.|date=8 August 2008|work=Model D|accessdate=22 October 2011}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.autonews.com/article/20130715/OEM01/130719920/fords-historic-michigan-plant-moves-closer-to-reopening-as-tourist# |title=Ford's historic Michigan plant moves closer to reopening as tourist attraction |publisher=Autonews.com |date=2013-07-15 |accessdate=2013-12-09}} 13. ^{{cite news | last=Hinds | first=Julie | url=http://www.freep.com/article/20111002/ENT01/110020460/Michigan-locations-Real-Steel- | title=Michigan locations in 'Real Steel' | work=Detroit Free Press | date=October 1, 2011 | accessdate=October 4, 2011| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004000000/http://www.freep.com/article/20111002/ENT01/110020460/Michigan-locations-Real-Steel- |archivedate=October 4, 2011|deadurl=no}} External links{{Commons category|Highland Park Ford Plant}}
16 : Ford factories|Former motor vehicle assembly plants|Motor vehicle assembly plants in Michigan|Highland Park, Michigan|Buildings and structures in Wayne County, Michigan|Albert Kahn (architect) buildings|Woodward Avenue|Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan|Industrial buildings completed in 1910|1910 establishments in Michigan|Michigan State Historic Sites in Wayne County, Michigan|Motor vehicle manufacturing plants on the National Register of Historic Places|National Historic Landmarks in Metro Detroit|National Register of Historic Places in Wayne County, Michigan|Transportation buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan|Unused buildings in Michigan |
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