| 词条 | Alan Milburn |
| 释义 |
|honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable |name = Alan Milburn |image = Alan Milburn 2014.jpg |caption = Milburn addressing the NHS Confederation Conference in 2014 |office = Chancellor of Lancaster University |term_start = 1 January 2015 |term_end = |predecessor = Chris Bonington |successor = |office1 = Chair of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission |primeminister1 = David Cameron Theresa May |appointer1 = Nick Clegg |term_start1 = 10 July 2012 |term_end1 = 2 December 2017 |predecessor1 = Office established |successor1 = Vacant |office2 = Minister for the Cabinet Office Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster |primeminister2 = Tony Blair |term_start2 = 8 September 2004 |term_end2 = 6 May 2005 |predecessor2 = Douglas Alexander |successor2 = John Hutton |office3 = Secretary of State for Health |primeminister3 = Tony Blair |term_start3 = 11 October 1999 |term_end3 = 13 June 2003 |predecessor3 = Frank Dobson |successor3 = John Reid |office4 = Chief Secretary to the Treasury |primeminister4 = Tony Blair |1blankname4 = Chancellor |1namedata4 = Gordon Brown |term_start4 = 23 December 1998 |term_end4 = 11 October 1999 |predecessor4 = Stephen Byers |successor4 = Andrew Smith |office5 = Member of Parliament for Darlington |term_start5 = 10 April 1992 |term_end5 = 12 April 2010 |predecessor5 = Michael Fallon |successor5 = Jenny Chapman |majority5 = |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1958|1|27|df=y}} |birth_place = Birmingham, England |death_date = |death_place = |party = Labour |alma_mater = Lancaster University }}Alan Milburn (born 27 January 1958) is a British Labour politician who was Member of Parliament (MP) for Darlington from 1992 to 2010. He served for five years in the Cabinet, first as Chief Secretary to the Treasury from 1998 to 1999, and subsequently as Secretary of State for Health until 2003, when he resigned. He briefly rejoined the Cabinet as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in order to manage Labour's 2005 re-election campaign. In June 2009, he told his local party he would not be standing at the 2010 general election, saying: "Standing down as a MP will give me the chance to balance my work and my family life with the time to pursue challenges other than politics."[1] Milburn was Chair of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission from 2012 to 2017.{{cn|date=December 2018}} Since 2015, he has been Chancellor of Lancaster University. Early life and careerMilburn was born in Birmingham,[2] and brought up in the village of Tow Law in County Durham, England and Newcastle-upon-Tyne. He was educated at John Marlay School, Newcastle and Stokesley Comprehensive School. He went on to Lancaster University, where he resided at Pendle College and graduated in 1979 with a Bachelor of Arts degree with Upper Second Class Honours in History. After leaving university, he returned to Newcastle where, with Martin Spence, he operated a small radical bookshop in the Westgate Road, called Days of Hope (the shop was given the spoonerised nickname Haze of Dope). He also studied for a PhD at Newcastle University, but did not complete his thesis.[3][4] In 1981 he married future Labour MEP Mo O'Toole, but the couple split up in the late 1980s.[4][5] Milburn was Co-ordinator of the Trade Union Studies Information Unit (TUSIU) from the mid-1980s onwards.[4] From 1988, Milburn co-ordinated a campaign to defend shipbuilding in Sunderland, and was elected as Chairman of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Central Constituency Labour Party. In 1990 he was appointed as a Business Development Officer for North Tyneside Borough Council and elected as President of the North East Region of the Manufacturing Science and Finance (MSF) Trade Union. Meanwhile, he won the seat of Darlington in the 1992 general election. Member of ParliamentIn Parliament, Milburn allied himself with the Blairite modernisers in the Labour Party, becoming close to Tony Blair who sat for the next-door constituency of Sedgefield. Later the political editor of the New Statesman wrote that "Alan Milburn is regarded by most in Labour as the epitome of Blairite centrism and moderation."[6] In governmentIn 1997 he was appointed as Minister of State at the Department of Health, an important post in which he had responsibility for driving through Private Finance Initiative deals on hospitals. In the reshuffle caused by Peter Mandelson's resignation on 23 December 1998, Milburn was promoted to the Cabinet as Chief Secretary to the Treasury. He became Secretary of State for Health in October 1999, with responsibility for continuing the reduction in waiting times and delivering modernisation in the National Health Service (NHS). In 2002 Milburn introduced NHS foundation trusts, "described at the time as a sort of halfway house between the public and private sectors".[7] The government increased expenditure on the NHS, although the public was sceptical over claims of improved performance.{{Citation needed|date=August 2008}} Milburn was thought to be a candidate for promotion within the Government, but on the day of a reshuffle (12 June 2003) he announced his resignation. He cited the difficulties combining family life in North-East England with a demanding job in London as his reason for quitting.[8][9] While on the backbenches he continued to be a strong supporter of Tony Blair's policies, especially his continued policy of increased private involvement in public service provision. Following his resignation as Secretary of State for Health (to spend more time with his family), Milburn took a post for £30,000 a year as an advisor to Bridgepoint Capital, a venture capital firm heavily involved in financing private health-care firms moving into the NHS, including Alliance Medical, Match Group, Medica and the Robinia Care Group.[10] He returned to government in September 2004, with the title of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. He was brought back to lead the Labour Party's campaign in the 2005 general election, but the unsuccessful start to the campaign led to Milburn taking a back seat, with Gordon Brown returning to take a very prominent role. BackbenchesOn election night in 2005, he announced he would be leaving the Cabinet for a second time, although rumours persisted that he would challenge Gordon Brown for the succession.{{cn|date=December 2018}} On 27 June 2007, Brown subsequently assumed the prime ministerial role unopposed. On 8 September 2006, after Tony Blair had announced his intention to step down within a year, Charles Clarke suggested Milburn as leader in place of Brown. On 28 February 2007, he and Clarke launched The 2020 Vision, a website intended to promote policy debate in the Labour Party.[11] He was the honorary president of the political organisation Progress, which was founded by Derek Draper. In 2007, Milburn worked as an advisor to Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd[12] and again in 2010 acted as an advisor to the election campaign of Julia Gillard.[13] Between January and July 2009, Milburn chaired a governmental commission on social mobility, the Panel on Fair Access to the Professions.[14] The Panel reported in July 2009 with recommendations to improve social mobility by acting at every life stage – including through schools, universities, internship practices and recruitment processes. In 2007, Milburn became a paid advisor to PepsiCo and sat on its nutritional advisory board.[15] By the time he stood down from parliament, Milburn had an income at least £115,000 a year from five companies.[16] Later careerDespite the change of government following the May 2010 General Election, it was reported in August 2010 that Milburn had been offered a role in the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition as "social mobility tsar".[17] Although not officially politically-affiliated, the role would involve advising the government on how to break down social barriers for people from disadvantaged backgrounds, and help people who feel they are barred from top jobs on grounds of race, religion, gender or disability. Milburn provoked criticism from former Cabinet colleague John Prescott, and his former ally Andy Burnham, for advising the government. However, David Miliband defended Milburn claiming that he was serving the country and was not working for the Coalition Government. In 2011, Milburn was asked by Andrew Lansley to chair the new clinical commissioning board, as part of the Coalition Government's health reforms but he rejected the offer labelling the reforms as "privatization", "cuts" and a "car crash".[18] In 2011, Milburn contributed to The Purple Book (alongside other key figures in the Labour Party such as Ed Miliband, Peter Mandelson, Jacqui Smith, Liam Byrne, Tessa Jowell, Tristram Hunt, Stephen Twigg, Rachel Reeves and Liz Kendall). In the book, he called for the Labour Party to adopt a policy of "educational credit", a system whereby lower and middle-income families whose children attend failing schools can withdraw their children and get funding, worth 150% the cost of education at the failing school, in order to pay for a place at a higher achieving school for the child, with the money coming from the budget of the failing school. The policy was rejected by the leftwing MP Michael Meacher but was welcomed by Labour's Shadow Education Secretary Stephen Twigg and other shadow cabinet members.{{citation needed|date=January 2015}} In 2012, a senior Number 10 adviser called for Andrew Lansley to be "taken out and shot" for introducing the Health and Social Care bill despite widespread opposition, and that Alan Milburn should be ennobled and join the coalition government as Secretary of State for Health.[19] This was rejected by David Cameron and it is understood that Milburn rejected such offer and remained in the Labour Party. He wrote in The Times attacking the reforms, but calling for the left to give an alternative.[20] In July 2012, Milburn was appointed as Chair of the Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission.[21][22] He served until his resignation in December 2017.{{cn|date=December 2018}} In 2013 Milburn joined PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) as Chair of PwC's UK Health Industry Oversight Board, whose objective is to drive change in the health sector, and assist PwC in growing its presence in the health market.[23][24] Milburn continued to be Chairman of the European Advisory Board at Bridgepoint Capital, whose activities include financing private health care companies providing services ito the NHS,[25][26] and continued as a member of the Healthcare Advisory Panel at Lloyds Pharmacy.[27][28] In 2015, Milburn became Lancaster University’s third Chancellor, taking over from the mountaineer Chris Bonington.[29] Early in 2015, Milburn intervened in the British election campaign to criticise Labour's health plans, which would limit private sector involvement in the NHS. Milburn was criticised for doing so while having a personal financial interest in the private health sector.[30] References1. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8122280.stm | title = Milburn to stand down at election | publisher = BBC News Online | date=27 June 2009 | accessdate=27 June 2009 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090630013226/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8122280.stm | archivedate= 30 June 2009 | deadurl= no}} 2. ^http://www.nhshistory.net/cvmilburn.htm 3. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/a-friend-from-the-north-714280.html |title=A friend from the north |accessdate=2008-04-10 |last=O'Grady |first=Sean |date=2000-06-03 |work=The Independent |publisher=Independent News & Media |location=London}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/1871072.stm |title=Milburn's radical days |author=Brian Wheeler |publisher=BBC |date=13 May 2002 |accessdate=29 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040130102137/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/1871072.stm |archivedate=30 January 2004 |df=dmy-all }} 5. ^Andy McSmith, "[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/why-minister-apologised-to-female-official-over-gossip-540749.html Why minister apologised to female official over gossip]", The Independent, 15 June 2003 6. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2014/10/alan-milburn-attacks-miliband-not-being-ambitious-enough-minimum-wage-he-right |title=Alan Milburn attacks Miliband for not being ambitious enough on the minimum wage – is he right? |author=George Eaton |author-link=George Eaton (journalist) |newspaper=New Statesman |date=20 October 2014 |accessdate=25 April 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530055814/http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2014/10/alan-milburn-attacks-miliband-not-being-ambitious-enough-minimum-wage-he-right |archivedate=30 May 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 7. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2002/nov/13/health.theissuesexplained | location=London | work=The Guardian | first1=Patrick | last1=Butler | first2=Simon | last2=Parker | title=Q&A: foundation trusts | date=14 November 2002 | deadurl=no | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170622062710/https://www.theguardian.com/society/2002/nov/13/health.theissuesexplained | archivedate=22 June 2017 | df=dmy-all }} 8. ^{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/2983232.stm | title=Milburn quits as health secretary | date=12 June 2003 | deadurl=no | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071002153457/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/2983232.stm | archivedate=2 October 2007 | df=dmy-all }} 9. ^{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/2984404.stm | title=Analysis: Why Milburn quit | date=12 June 2003 | deadurl=no | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060317110507/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/2984404.stm | archivedate=17 March 2006 | df=dmy-all }} 10. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/3633738.stm |title=Profile: Alan Milburn |publisher=BBC |date=7 September 2004 |accessdate=29 January 2015}} 11. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2007/feb/28/labourleadership.labour |title=Clarke and Milburn reject 'stop Gordon' claims |author=Deborah Summers and Helene Mulholland |newspaper=The Guardian |date=28 February 2007 |accessdate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002200630/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2007/feb/28/labourleadership.labour |archivedate=2 October 2014 |df=dmy-all }} 12. ^{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Ham |authorlink= |author= |coauthors= |title=Lazarus lost his touch with voters |curly= |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article2937101.ece |publisher=The Times |date=25 November 2007 |accessdate=19 January 2009 |location=London |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080829165631/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article2937101.ece |archivedate=29 August 2008 |df=dmy-all }} 13. ^{{cite news |first=Bonnie |last=Malkin |authorlink= |author= |coauthors= |title= Alan Milburn joins Julia Gillard's election campaign|curly= |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/australia/7930467/Alan-Milburn-joins-Julia-Gillards-election-campaign.html |publisher=Daily Telegraph |date=6 Aug 2010 |accessdate=16 August 2010 | location=Sydney| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100819063854/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/australiaandthepacific/australia/7930467/Alan-Milburn-joins-Julia-Gillards-election-campaign.html| archivedate= 19 August 2010 | deadurl= no}} 14. ^BIS -Panel on Fair Access to the Professions {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100718111727/http://www.bis.gov.uk/policies/higher-education/access-to-professions/panel-on-fair-access-professions |date=18 July 2010 }} 15. ^{{cite news |first=Rebecca |last=Smithers |title=Beyoncé, Britney ... Milburn? Ex-minister takes Pepsi challenge |url=http://politics.guardian.co.uk/labour/story/0,,2091070,00.html?gusrc=rss&feed=19 |newspaper=The Guardian |date=30 May 2007 |accessdate=19 January 2009 |location=London}} 16. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/newsediting/4463334.MP____not_quitting_over_jobs_scrutiny___/ |title=MP .not quitting over jobs scrutiny. |author=Robert Merrick |newspaper=The Norther Echo |date=29 June 2009 |accessdate=29 January 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924003332/http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/newsediting/4463334.MP____not_quitting_over_jobs_scrutiny___/ |archivedate=24 September 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 17. ^[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/7945938/Alan-Milburn-set-for-third-return-to-Government-as-David-Cameron-adviser.html Alan Milburn set for third return to Government as David Cameron adviser] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100817015337/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/7945938/Alan-Milburn-set-for-third-return-to-Government-as-David-Cameron-adviser.html |date=17 August 2010 }} 18. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/jun/16/nhs-reforms-amended-plans-car-crash-alan-milburn | location=London | work=The Guardian | first1=Alan | last1=Milburn | first2=Helene | last2=Mulholland | title=NHS reforms: amended plans are 'car crash', says Alan Milburn | date=16 June 2011 | deadurl=no | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308233225/http://www.theguardian.com/society/2011/jun/16/nhs-reforms-amended-plans-car-crash-alan-milburn | archivedate=8 March 2016 | df=dmy-all }} 19. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/blog/2012/feb/07/nhs-reforms-bill-live-blog-lansley-lords |title=NHS reforms live blog – Tuesday 7 February |author=Patrick Butler |newspaper=The Guardian |date=7 February 2012 |accessdate=29 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126044637/http://www.theguardian.com/society/blog/2012/feb/07/nhs-reforms-bill-live-blog-lansley-lords |archivedate=26 November 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 20. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/the-staggers/2012/02/nhs-reform-bill-health |title=Lansley fights another day as Cameron backs NHS reform |author=Samira Shackle |newspaper=New Statesman |date=8 February 2012 |accessdate=25 April 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925032036/http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/the-staggers/2012/02/nhs-reform-bill-health |archivedate=25 September 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 21. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/alan-milburn-and-neil-obrien-set-to-lead-the-drive-to-improve-social-mobility-and-reduce-child-poverty |title=Alan Milburn and Neil O.Brien set to lead the drive to improve social mobility and reduce child poverty |publisher=gov.uk |date=26 June 2012 |accessdate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222042315/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/alan-milburn-and-neil-obrien-set-to-lead-the-drive-to-improve-social-mobility-and-reduce-child-poverty |archivedate=22 February 2014 |df=dmy-all }} 22. ^{{cite web |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmeduc/461/46102.htm |title=Appointment of Chair, Social Mobility and Child Poverty Commission |publisher=UK Parliament |work=House of Commons – Education Select Committee |date=10 July 2012 |accessdate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924143642/http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmeduc/461/46102.htm |archivedate=24 September 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 23. ^{{cite web |url=http://pwc.blogs.com/northern-ireland/2013/05/alan-milburn-will-chair-new-pwc-health-industry-oversight-board.html |title=Alan Milburn will chair new PwC Health Industry Oversight Board |publisher=PricewaterhouseCoopers |date=22 May 2013 |accessdate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203042840/http://pwc.blogs.com/northern-ireland/2013/05/alan-milburn-will-chair-new-pwc-health-industry-oversight-board.html |archivedate=3 February 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.pwc.co.uk/healthcare/meet-the-team.jhtml |title=Healthcare – Meet the team |publisher=PricewaterhouseCoopers |accessdate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150411005938/http://www.pwc.co.uk/healthcare/meet-the-team.jhtml |archivedate=11 April 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 25. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/10593106/Poverty-tsar-Alan-Milburn-makes-a-million.html |title='Poverty tsar' Alan Milburn makes a million |author=Tim Walker |newspaper=Daily Telegraph |date=24 January 2015 |accessdate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704185252/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/10593106/Poverty-tsar-Alan-Milburn-makes-a-million.html |archivedate=4 July 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 26. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bridgepoint.eu/en/our-team/alan-milburn/ |title=Alan Milburn |publisher=Bridgepoint Capital |accessdate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318161722/http://bridgepoint.eu/en/our-team/alan-milburn/ |archivedate=18 March 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 27. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/28/miliband-distance-ex-blairites-nhs-public-services-new-labour |title=No wonder Miliband wants distance from ex-Blairites on the NHS |author=John Harris |newspaper=The Guardian |date=28 January 2015 |accessdate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129000253/http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/28/miliband-distance-ex-blairites-nhs-public-services-new-labour |archivedate=29 January 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 28. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=9345102&ticker=PEP |title=Executive Profile – Alan Milburn |publisher=Bloomberg |accessdate=28 January 2015}} 29. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/news/articles/2014/lancaster-university-appoints-alan-milburn-as-new-chancellor/ |title=The Rt Hon Alan Milburn will start as Lancaster University's Chancellor from 1 January 2015 |publisher=Lancaster University |date=30 April 2014 |accessdate=29 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404135028/http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/news/articles/2014/lancaster-university-appoints-alan-milburn-as-new-chancellor/ |archivedate=4 April 2015 |df=dmy-all }} 30. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.politics.co.uk/blogs/2015/01/28/alan-milburn-s-personal-interest-in-resisting-a-public-nhs |title=Alan Milburn's personal interest in resisting a public NHS |author=Adam Bienkov |publisher=politics.co.uk |date=28 January 2015 |accessdate=28 January 2015 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131172206/http://www.politics.co.uk/blogs/2015/01/28/alan-milburn-s-personal-interest-in-resisting-a-public-nhs |archivedate=31 January 2015 |df=dmy-all }} External links
|-{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=Stephen Byers}}{{s-ttl|title=Chief Secretary to the Treasury|years=1998–1999}}{{s-aft|after=Andrew Smith}} |-{{s-bef|before=Frank Dobson}}{{s-ttl|title=Secretary of State for Health|years=1999–2003}}{{s-aft|after=John Reid}} |-{{s-bef|rows=2|before=Douglas Alexander}}{{s-ttl|title=Minister for the Cabinet Office|years=2004–2005}}{{s-aft|rows=2|after=John Hutton}} |-{{s-ttl|title=Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster|years=2004–2005}}{{s-end}}{{Minister for the Cabinet Office}}{{Secretary of State for Health}}{{Chief Secretaries to the Treasury}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2011}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Milburn, Alan}} 16 : 1958 births|Living people|Alumni of Lancaster University|British Secretaries of State|Chancellors of the Duchy of Lancaster|Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|People associated with Lancaster University|People from Tow Law|Secretaries of State for Health (UK)|British Trotskyists|UK MPs 1992–97|UK MPs 1997–2001|UK MPs 2001–05|UK MPs 2005–10|People from Birmingham, West Midlands |
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