| 词条 | HMS Vidette (D48) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
HMS Vidette (D48) was an Admiralty V class destroyer of the Royal Navy. Built at the end of the First World War, she served in the final months of that conflict, and saw extensive service in the inter war years and in World War II. She was an effective convoy escort and U-boat killer, being credited with the destruction of five U-boats during the Battle of the Atlantic. ConstructionVidette was ordered on under the 1916-17 War Emergency Programme from Alexander Stephens & Sons Limited in Linthouse, Govan. She was laid down on 1 February 1917, was launched on 28 February 1918, and completed on 27 April the same year. Vidette served with the Grand Fleet to the end of World War I, and was placed in Reserve in 1923. She spent most of the 1920s and 1930s in reserve, but was brought back to active service in 1939 for World War II. In the picture, taken probably in 1939, she is wearing the funnel bands of the 16th Destroyer Flotilla based at Portsmouth; one red over one white. Early in the war she would have landed the after set of torpedo tubes and shipped a QF 12 pounder 12 cwt gun in lieu. Vidette received several refits and modifications during her service career. In 1923 she was equipped with submarine detection gear (ASDIC), one of the first British warships so outfitted. In 1939 she was refitted for convoy escort and anti-submarine warfare duty. In October 1941 during a refit at Gibraltar she received Type 286M radar. In September 1942 she was converted to a Long-Range Escort, landing her torpedo equipment and receiving additional anti-submarine weapons. She also had boilers removed and replaced with fuel tanks, reducing her overall speed but enhancing her range and endurance.[2] Service historyAt the outbreak of war in September 1939 Vidette was assigned to Gibraltar, as part of the 13th Destroyer Flotilla. She served there for the first three years, where she carried out convoy escort and general fleet duties. In July 1940, after the fall of France, Vidette was with Force H during Operation Catapult, the neutralization of the French Fleet. On 3 July she was part of the screen for British ships shelling the French squadron at Mers-el-Kebir. Three days later she returned with Force H for Operation Lever, the sinking of the battleship Dunkerque. In early November she took part in Operation Collar, running aircraft reinforcements to the Malta garrison, and on 27 November took part in the battle of Spartivento. In January 1941 she sailed with convoy WS 5A as far as Freetown, where she joined the West Africa station local escort. In October she returned to Gibraltar and refitted; later that moth she was detailed to assist HG 75, working to save HMS Cossack, which had been torpedoed. The crew were saved, but the ship foundered under tow back to Gibraltar. In May 1942 she returned to Gibraltar for Operation Bowery, and later Operation LB, both air reinforcement missions ("Club Runs") for Malta. In June she took part In Operation Harpoon, an ill-fated convoy mission to Malta. In September she returned to Britain for conversion as a Long-Range Escort, after which she joined the Western Approaches Command for operations in the North Atlantic. After conversion Vidette was assigned to B-7 Escort Group, led by Cdr. Peter Gretton. After several uneventful crossings Vidette and B-7 EG were involved in several crucial battles. March 1943 saw fighting around convoys HX 231 with the loss of six ships sunk and three U-boats destroyed.[3] In late April ONS 5 saw thirteen ships sunk and six U-boats destroyed; Vidette was credited with one (i.e. {{GS|U-125|1940|2}}; later revised to two, {{GS|U-630||2}} and {{GS|U-531||2}}) of these:[4] In late May SC 130 saw at least three U-boats destroyed for no losses.[5] During the autumn of 1943 B-7 served as a Support Group reinforcing several convoys as they came under attack. During this period Vidette took part in the destruction of two more U-boats, {{GS|U-274||2}}[6] and {{GS|U-282||2}}.[7] In May 1944 Vidette was operating in the English Channel as part of Operation Neptune, the naval component of the Normandy landings. In August she took part in the destruction of {{GS|U-413||2}}.[8] With the end of hostilities in Europe Vidette was paid off in June 1945; she was sold for scrapping in April 1947.[2] Battle honoursDuring her service Vidette was awarded five battle honours:[9]
SuccessesDuring her service Vidette was credited with the destruction of five U-boats:
Notes1. ^Conway p12 2. ^1 G Mason, navalhistory.net 3. ^Blair p277-9 4. ^Blair p290-3 5. ^Blair p332-5 6. ^Blair p436 7. ^Blair p438 8. ^Blair p614 9. ^Warlow p 10. ^Locations per Kemp; other sources may differ 11. ^Previously thought to have been destroyed on 4 May 1943 by Canso W/5 Sqdn; this attack struck {{GS|U-209||2}} 12. ^Neistle p77 13. ^The attack by Oribi and Snowflake, previously credited with U-531, is now believed to have hit U-125 14. ^Kemp p114 15. ^Neistle p139 16. ^Kemp p152-3 17. ^1 Neistle p52 18. ^Kemp p154 19. ^Kemp p212-3 20. ^Neistle p62 References
External links
5 : V and W-class destroyers of the Royal Navy|Ships built on the River Clyde|1918 ships|World War I destroyers of the United Kingdom|World War II destroyers of the United Kingdom |
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