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词条 HSwMS Gotland (Gtd)
释义

  1. Construction

  2. Lease to the United States Navy

  3. Raid against Kockum

  4. Gallery

  5. See also

  6. References

{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Swedish attack submarine HMS Gotland.jpgShip caption=HSwMS Gotland
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=Ship country=SwedenSweden|naval}}Ship name=GotlandShip namesake=Swedish island GotlandShip ordered=Ship awarded=Ship builder=KockumsShip original cost=Ship yard number=Ship way number=Ship laid down=10 October 1992Ship launched=2 February 1995Ship sponsor=Ship christened=Ship completed=Ship commissioned=April 1996Ship recommissioned=Ship decommissioned=Ship maiden voyage=Ship in service=Ship out of service=Ship renamed=Ship reclassified=Ship refit=Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship homeport=Karlskrona, SwedenShip identification=Ship motto=*Gothus sum, cave cornua[1]
  • (I am a Gothlander, watch out for the horns)
Ship nickname=Ship honours=Ship captured=Ship fate=Ship status={{ship in active service}}Ship notes=Ship badge=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Gotland|submarine|3}}Ship displacement=1,380 tons standard, 1,599 tons submerged[1]60.4|m|ftin|abbr=off}}[1]6.2|m|ftin|abbr=off}}[1]Ship height=5.6|m|ftin|abbr=off}}[1]Ship depth=Ship power=1,300|bhp|abbr=on|lk=in}} each), two Stirling engines ({{convert|75|kW|abbr=on}} each), one electric motor ({{convert|1,800|shp|abbr=on}}), one shaft11|kn}} surfaced,[1] {{convert|20|kn}} submergedShip range=Ship endurance=over 14 days submerged without snorkeling500|ft|m|abbr=on}}Ship complement=18-22 officers,[1] 6-10 enlisted[1]Ship time to activate=Ship sensors=Ship EW=533|mm|in|abbr=on|0}} torpedo tubes with 12 torpedoes
  • 2 × {{convert|400|mm|in|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes with 6 torpedoes
  • 48 external mines
Ship armour=Ship aircraft=Ship aircraft facilities=Ship notes=
}}

HSwMS Gotland (Gtd) is a defense[2] submarine of the Swedish Navy. It was the first ship of the {{sclass-|Gotland|submarine|0}}, which was the first operational submarine class in the world to use air-independent propulsion in the form of Stirling engines which use liquid oxygen and diesel as the propellant.

It was built by Kockums, launched in 1995, and subsequently commissioned in 1996.

In 2015, Sweden's Defense Material Administration (FMV) signed a contract with Saab Kockums which included a mid-life upgrade of two members of the Gotland class, Gotland and Halland, for SEK 2.1 million. Gotland is expected to return to the FMV in late 2018 following a series of platform and combat systems upgrades.[3]

Construction

The submarine Gotland was designed and built by Kockums in Malmö and launched on 2 February 1995. The honor guard during the launching consisted of the amphibian company of the Fårösund Marine Brigade (FMB). Participants from Gotland included the Governor, the Municipal Council chairman, the commander of the Gotland Military Command and the commander of FMB.[4]

The submarine is essentially based on the Västergötland-class submarine, but with a lot of improvements.[5] It has two diesel engines and two Stirling engines which gives air independence and doubled endurance compared with previous submarine types.[1] A gas cycle drives a generator that charges the submarines battery which is connected to the propeller engine. For passive reconnaissance, she is equipped with circular sonar and flank array sonar.[1]

Lease to the United States Navy

In 2004, the Swedish government received a request from the United States of America to lease Gotland – Swedish-flagged, commanded and manned, for a duration one year for use in anti-submarine warfare exercises. The Swedish government granted this request in October 2004, with both navies signing a memorandum of understanding on 21 March 2005.[6][7]

Gotland was loaded on board the Norwegian semi-submersible heavy-lift ship, MV Eide Transporter, on 10 May 2005, for a month-long voyage over the Atlantic Ocean and through the Panama Canal to Naval Base Point Loma in San Diego, California, where it arrived on 27 June 2005.[8][9][10] After a couple weeks of getting accustomed to the new environment, the exercises with United States Third Fleet began on 18 July 2005.[11] The lease was extended for another 12 months in 2006.[12][13][14]Gotland managed to penetrate the defensive measures of Carrier Strike Group 7 undetected and snap several pictures of {{USS|Ronald Reagan}} during the December pre-deployment Joint Task Force Exercise 06-2 (JTFEX 06-2) in the Pacific Ocean (probably in the California Operating Areas), effectively "sinking" the aircraft carrier.[15] The exercise was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the US Fleet against modern diesel-electric submarines, which some have noted as severely lacking.[16][17]

In July 2007, Gotland departed San Diego for Sweden.[18]

Raid against Kockum

In the early morning of 8 April 2014, the Defence Materiel Administration, known as FMV, with the help of the Swedish Army, raided the Kockums shipyard in Malmö, Sweden, then owned by German defense giant ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems. The goal of the mission was to confiscate material belonging to the Swedish state, especially hardware relating to the Stirling engines used in HSwMS Gotland. Although the raid was performed by armed military forces it was not violent. After Kockums employees locked the gates blocking FMV's exit with the confiscated material, a long drawn-out negotiation ensued. A compromise was finally struck in which the hardware was to be stored at a shared secure area until further notice. Since FMV was only interested in the hardware rather than the blueprints, the show of force was more likely part of a long political confrontation between the State of Sweden and the owners of Kockums, rather than an attempt at discouraging espionage.[19][20] Later in 2014, Kockums was sold to Saab Group.[21]

Gallery

See also

  • Stirling engines
  • Air independent propulsion

References

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite journal |last=Arsenius |first=Rolf |editor-last=Haglund |editor-first=Sven-Åke |title=Jag är Gute - Akta dig för hornen |trans-title=I am a Gothlander, watch out for the horns |year=2008 |journal=Insats & Försvar |publisher=Swedish Armed Forces |number=1 |page=26 |issn=1652-3571 |language=Swedish}}
2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/information-och-fakta/materiel-och-teknik/sjo/ubat-typ-gotland/|title=Ubåt typ Gotland|last=Försvarsmakten|first=|authorlink=Swedish Armed Forces|date=|website=Försvarsmakten|publisher=Försvarsmakten|language=sv-SE|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728181822/https://www.forsvarsmakten.se/sv/information-och-fakta/materiel-och-teknik/sjo/ubat-typ-gotland/|archive-date=2018-07-28|dead-url=|access-date=2018-07-28}}
3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Scott|first1=Richard|title=Sweden signs deal for A 26 submarine order, A 19 upgrade|journal=Jane's Defence Weekly|date=8 July 2015|volume=52|issue=27|page=4}}
4. ^{{cite book |last=Hammarhjelm |first=Bengt |title=Beredskap på Gotland 175 år: 1811-1986 |edition=2nd, utök. uppl., jämte komplement till 2000 |year=1999 |publisher=Ödin |location=Visby |isbn=91-85716-84-7 |id={{LIBRIS|7751982}} |page=286 |language=Swedish}}
5. ^{{cite journal |last=Adéll |first=Synnöve |editor-last=Petersson |editor-first=Ulf |title=Gotland i Stilla Havet: USA Nästa |trans-title=Gotland in the Pacific: USA Next |year=2005 |journal=Insats & Försvar |publisher=Swedish Armed Forces |number=2 |page=10 |issn=1652-3571 |language=Swedish}}
6. ^{{cite web | title=US Navy Leasing Swedish Gotland-Class Submarine | work=Deagel | url=http://www.deagel.com/news/US-Navy-Leasing-Swedish-Gotland-Class-Submarine_n000000395.aspx | accessdate=2004-11-05}}
7. ^{{cite press release | url=http://www.news.navy.mil/search/display.asp?story_id=17621 | title=U.S., Swedish Navies Sign Agreement to Bilaterally Train on State-of-the-Art Sub | publisher=United States Navy | date=2005-03-23 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070819041151/http://www.news.navy.mil/search/display.asp?story_id=17621 | archivedate=2007-08-19 | df= }}
8. ^{{cite press release | url=http://www.eide-gruppen.no/nyheten.cfm?nyid=144&lang=1 | title=Eide Transporter arrives San Diego | publisher=Eide Group | date=2005-06-22}}
9. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.news.navy.mil/search/display.asp?story_id=18984 | publisher=United States Navy | title=Swedish Submarine HMS Gotland Arrives in San Diego | date=2005-06-30 | accessdate=2008-04-06 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080117011209/http://www.news.navy.mil/search/display.asp?story_id=18984 | archivedate=2008-01-17 | df= }}
10. ^{{cite web | title=Why is the U.S. Navy Leasing a Swedish Submarine? | work=The Jewish Institute for National Security Affairs | url=http://www.jinsa.org/articles/articles.html/function/view/categoryid/164/documentid/2873/history/3,2360,656,164,2873 | accessdate=2005-03-04 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050930231222/http://www.jinsa.org/articles/articles.html/function/view/categoryid/164/documentid/2873/history/3,2360,656,164,2873 |archivedate=2005-09-30 }}
11. ^{{cite press release | url=http://www.news.navy.mil/search/display.asp?story_id=21464 | title=Swedish Submarine Continues to Play Important Role in Joint Training | publisher=United States Navy | date=2005-12-20 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214145948/http://www.news.navy.mil/search/display.asp?story_id=21464 | archivedate=2008-02-14 | df= }}
12. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.thelocal.se/article.php?ID=3574 | publisher=The Local | title=US Navy to continue hunt for Swedish sub | date=2006-04-18 | accessdate=2006-07-21 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090329115136/http://www.thelocal.se/article.php?ID=3574 | archivedate=2009-03-29 | df= }}
13. ^{{cite press release | url=http://www.kockums.se/News/060613gotland.html | title=Gotland extends US stay for another year | publisher=Kockums AB | date=2006-06-13 | accessdate=2006-07-21}}
14. ^{{cite press release|url=http://www.kockums.com/News/070509gotland.html|title=HMS Gotland’s Stirling propulsion system basis of success in the USA|publisher=Kockums AB|date=2007-05-09}}
15. ^{{cite news | url=http://www.knbc.com/news/10116514/detail.html?rss=la&psp=news | publisher=KNBC | title=Pentagon: New Class Of Silent Submarines Poses Threat | date=2006-10-19 | accessdate=2006-07-21}}
16. ^{{cite journal | last=Polmar | first=Norman |date=March 2006 | title=Back to the Future | journal=U.S. Naval Institute Proceedings | volume=132 | issue=3 | pages=22–23 | id=0041-798X | accessdate=}}
17. ^{{cite web | title=US Navy Struggles to Recapture, Keep ASW Proficiency | work=The Nav Log | url=http://navlog.org/asw_feb06.html | accessdate=2008-04-06}}
18. ^{{cite web | title=SSK Gotland Class (Type A19) Attack Submarine, Sweden | work=Naval Technology | url=http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/gotland/ | accessdate=2008-04-06}}
19. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.thelocal.se/20140415/defence-expert-baffled-by-kockums-raid |title='Baffling' Swedish raid on German sub makers |work=The Local |date=15 April 2014 |accessdate=21 December 2014}}
20. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/sanningen-om-den-hemliga-gryningsraden-mot-kockums/ |title=Sanningen om den hemliga gryningsräden mot Kockums |trans-title=The truth about the secret dawn against Kockums |language=Swedish |newspaper=Dagens Nyheter |first=Josefin |last=Sköld |date=19 May 2014 |accessdate=21 December 2014}}
21. ^{{cite press release |title=Saab Completes Acquisition of TKMS AB (Kockums) |url=http://saabgroup.com/Media/news-press/news/2014-07/Saab-completes-acquisition-of-TKMS-AB-Kockums/ |work=Saab |date=22 July 2014 |accessdate=23 October 2017}}
{{Commonscat|HMS Gotland (submarine, 1995)|HSwMS Gotland}}{{Gotland class submarine}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gotland (Gtd)}}

4 : Gotland-class submarines|Ships built in Malmö|1995 ships|Active submarines of Sweden
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