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词条 Durandal-class destroyer
释义

  1. Durandal class

  2. Samsun class

  3. References

  4. Bibliography

  5. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Ship caption= Hallebarde departing Toulon.
}}{{Infobox ship class overview		Name= Durandal classBuilders=Chantiers et Ateliers Augustin Normand, Le HavreFrance}}Class before=NoneFramée|destroyer|4}}Cost=Built range=1899–1900In service range=In commission range= 1899–1921Total ships completed=4Total ships lost=1Total ships scrapped=3
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship type=296|-|306|LT|t|disp=flip|abbr=on|lk=on}}57.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a6.30|m|ftin|abbr=on}}3.17|m|ftin|abbr=on}}Ship power=*2 water-tube boilers
  • {{convert|4800|ihp|lk=in|abbr=on}}
Ship propulsion=2 shafts; 2 Triple-expansion steam engines26|kn|lk=in}}2300|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}}Ship complement=5265|mm|in|abbr=on}}/50 M1891 gun
  • 6 × single {{convert|47|mm|in|abbr=on}}/40 M1885 guns
  • 2 × single {{convert|380|mm|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes[1]
Ship notes=
}}

The Durandal class was a group of four destroyers built for the French Navy between 1896 and 1900, used during the First World War. These vessels were France's first true destroyers rather than torpedo boats. Two units were launched in 1899 while another two followed in 1900. Another four destroyers of the similar Samsun class were laid down in 1906 and completed in 1907 for the Ottoman Navy, they also served in the First World War.

These vessels, which were an enlarged derivative of the previous {{sclass2-|Filibustier|torpedo boat|2}}s,[2] resembled the {{sclass-|Havock|destroyer|4}} of Great Britain.[3] Its hull had a turtleback bow to reduce water resistance,[4] with two masts and two funnels. The ships were powered by two triple expansion engines fed by water tube boilers, giving a speed of {{convert|26|kn}}, and were armed by two torpedo tubes (with two reload torpedoes carried onboard[2]), a {{convert|65|mm|in|abbr=on}} and six {{convert|47|mm|in|abbr=on}} guns.[5]

The Durandal destroyers were laid down between 1896 and 1897 and completed between 1899 and 1900.[5] Espingole struck a rock in the Bay of Cavalaire-sur-Mer off the South of France on 4 February 1903, which caused the ship to sink.[6] The three remaining destroyers served through the First World War, operating in both the English Channel and the Mediterranean Sea. They were sold for scrap in 1920–21.[7]

Durandal class

All four were built by Normand at Le Havre. The first pair (Durandal and Hallebarde) were ordered on 25 August 1896. They had a turtledeck forecastle and a flying deck aft, with two masts and two funnels widely separated by their machinery. The second pair (Fauconneau and Espignole) differed by having a strengthened hull and a slightly raised bow.

  • {{ship|French destroyer|Durandal||2}} - launched 11 February 1899, stricken 7 April 1919.
  • {{ship|French destroyer|Hallebarde||2}} - launched 8 June 1899, stricken 4 March 1920.
  • {{ship|French destroyer|Fauconneau||2}} - launched 2 April 1900, stricken 15 January 1921.
  • {{ship|French destroyer|Espingole||2}} - launched 28 June 1900, ran aground and lost 4 February 1903.

Samsun class

{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Ship caption= Samsun in the Sea of Marmara, 1920s.
}}{{Collapsed infobox section begin}}{{Infobox ship class overview		Name= Samsun classBuilders=Forges et Chantiers de la Gironde, BordeauxAteliers et Chantiers de la Loire, NantesOttoman Empire}}Class before=Class after=Cost=Built range=1906–1907In service range=In commission range= 1907–1932Total ships completed=4Total ships lost=1Total ships scrapped=3
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=Ship type=296|-|306|LT|t|disp=flip|abbr=on|lk=on}}57.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a6.30|m|ftin|abbr=on}}3.17|m|ftin|abbr=on}}Ship power=*2 water-tube boilers
  • {{convert|5950|ihp|lk=in|abbr=on}}
Ship propulsion=2 shafts; 2 Triple-expansion steam engines28|kn|lk=in}}975|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn}}Ship complement=5265|mm|in|abbr=on}}/50 M1902 gun
  • 6 × single {{convert|47|mm|in|abbr=on}}/50 M1902 guns
  • 2 × single {{convert|450|mm|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes[10]
Ship notes=
}}
{{Collapsed infobox section end}}

The Samsun class destroyers had similar dimensions to the Durandal class, but had more powerful machinery, more powerful armament, higher top speed and shorter range. Three of the four Samsun, Yarhisar and Basra were built by C A de la Gironde at Bordeaux. While Tasoz was built by Schneider at Nantes.[8] These ships suffered from mechanical problems due to poor maintenance and played little part in World War I. It was estimated that none could exceed {{convert|17|kn}} in 1915. The Yarhisar was sunk in 1915 and the three surviving ships were scrapped in 1949.[9] Yarhisar was under the command of Lt. Cdr. Ahmet Hulusi and sank in the gulf of Izmit near Yalova on 3 December 1915 by the British submarine HMS E-11 under the command of Lt. Cdr. Naismith. The torpedo struck the engine room and the ships was torn in two. Forty-two of her crew 36 Turks and 6 Germans died.[10]

  • {{ship|Ottoman destroyer|Samsun||2}} - laid up in 1918, repaired and recommissioned in 1924-1925, decommissioned in 1932, BU in 1949.
  • {{ship|Ottoman destroyer|Yarhisar||2}} - sunk December 3, 1915 by the British submarine HMS E11.
  • {{ship|Ottoman destroyer|Tasoz||2}} - laid up in 1918, repaired and recommissioned in 1924-1925, decommissioned in 1932, BU in 1949.
  • {{ship|Ottoman destroyer|Basra||2}} - laid up in 1918, repaired and recommissioned in 1924-1925, decommissioned in 1932, BU in 1949.

References

1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/france/fr_dd_durandal.htm|title=DURANDAL destroyers (1899 - 1900) - French Navy (France)|website=www.navypedia.org|access-date=2017-08-04}}
2. ^1 Chesneau & Kolesnick, p. 323
3. ^Osborne, p. 39
4. ^Osborne, p. 186
5. ^1 Chesneau & Kolesnick, p. 326
6. ^{{cite news|title=A French Destroyer Sunk: The Crew Saved |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article14485699|accessdate=29 June 2012|newspaper=Sydney Morning Herald |date=7 February 1903 |page=9}}
7. ^Gardiner & Gray, p. 194
8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/32754051|title=The Ottoman steam navy, 1828-1923|last=Langensiepen|first=Bernd|date=1995|publisher=Naval Institute Press|others=Güleryüz, Ahmet, Cooper, James,|year=|isbn=9781557506597|location=Annapolis, Md.|pages=|oclc=32754051}}
9. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/turkey/tu_dd_samsun.htm|title=Samsun destroyers (1907) - Ottoman / Turkish Navy (Ottoman Empire / Turkey)|website=www.navypedia.org|access-date=2017-08-04}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?148334|title=Yarhisar Destroyer|last=|first=|date=2015-09-21|website=www.wrecksite.eu|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-08-04}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book|last=Caresse|first=Philippe|chapter=The Unlucky Destroyer Espignole|editor=Jordan, John|publisher=Conway|location=London|date=2013|title=Warship 2013|isbn=978-1-84486-205-4}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Chesneau|first1=Roger|last2=Kolesnik|first2=Eugene M.|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905|year=1979|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-133-5|lastauthoramp=y}}
  • {{cite book|last=Couhat|first=Jean Labayle|title=French Warships of World War I|year=1974|publisher=Ian Allan|location=London|isbn=0-7110-0445-5}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Gardiner|first1=Robert|last2=Gray|first2=Randal|title=Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921|year=1985|publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=London|isbn=0-85177-245-5|lastauthoramp=y}}
  • {{cite book |first=Eric W. |last=Osborne|year=2005 |chapter= |title=Destroyers - An Illustrated History of Their Impact |isbn=1-85109-479-2 |oclc= |publisher=ABC-Clio |location=Santa Barbara, California}}
  • {{cite book |first=Jean-Michel |last=Roche |year=2005 |chapter=Classement par types |title=Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 2, 1870 - 2006 |isbn=978-2-9525917-0-6 |oclc=165892922 |publisher=Roche |location=Toulon}}

External links

{{Commons category|Durandal class destroyers|Durandal-class destroyer}}{{Commons category|Samsun class destroyers|Samsun-class destroyer}}
  • The Durandal class on navypedia.org
  • The Samsun class on navypedia.org
{{Durandal class destroyer}}{{WWIFrenchShips}}

4 : Durandal-class destroyers|Destroyer classes|Destroyers of the French Navy|World War I destroyers of France
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