| 词条 | Initiatives of Change |
| 释义 |
| name = Initiatives of Change | logo = Initiatives of Change logo EN.gif | logo_size = 275px | motto = Building trust across the world's divides | type = Non-profit, Interest group | founded = 2001, | location = Global | key_people = Dr Omnia Marzouk, elected President, International Association in 2012; Rajmohan Gandhi, former President, International Association; Cornelio Sommaruga, Inaugural President; Mohamed Sahnoun, Chair, Caux Forum for Human Security; | fields = Building trust | services = Conferences, Campaigns | homepage = {{URL|http://www.iofc.org/}} | predecessor = Moral Re-Armament }} Initiatives of Change (IofC) is a global organisation dedicated to "building trust across the world's divides"[1] of culture, nationality, belief, and background. Initiatives of Change was known as Moral Re-Armament (MRA) from 1938 to 2001, and the Oxford Group starting in 1929, after being called A First Century Christian Fellowship since 1921. PrinciplesThese principles are taken from those of the organization's predecessor, Moral Re-Armament (MRA), founded in 1938 by Frank Buchman. Initiatives of Change has spiritual roots but no religious affiliation, and invites "those with a faith...both to explore the roots of their own tradition, and to discover and respect the beliefs of others."[2] The name "Initiatives of Change" was adopted in 2001, expressing the emphasis of the organization in effecting social change beginning with personal change. ProgramsInitiatives of Change has programs in over 60 countries. In the United States, Hope in the Cities promotes "honest conversations" on race, reconciliation and responsibility. Their approach was integrated in the One America Dialogue Guide published by the White House at the initiative of U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1998.[3] The programme Trust and Integrity in the Global Economy hold events in a number of Western countries, focusing on overcoming corruption and building cooperation.[4] In Switzerland, the Caux Forum for Human Security, brings together people working for peace and human security.[5][6] In India, the IC Centre for Governance works with development experts, policy makers, social activists and others to strengthen the role of citizens in governance. Foundations for Freedom aims to support the development of democratic societies in Central and Eastern Europe. In Sierra Leone, Hope Sierra Leone is active in reconciling and rebuilding the country ravaged by civil war. In France {{lang|fr|Education à la paix}} (Education for Peace) is teaching students about civic responsibility, including the skills of conflict resolution. Since 1991, when it was launched at the Initiatives of Change conference centre in Caux, Switzerland, the Creators of Peace (CoP) global peacemakers network has been active in many countries, particularly in Africa.[7] Initiatives of Change InternationalInitiatives of Change International, a non-governmental organization based in Caux, Switzerland, is the legal and administrative entity that coordinates the national bodies of Initiatives of Change; It holds Special Consultative Status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council, and Participatory Status at the Council of Europe. Its first president was Cornelio Sommaruga, formerly President of the International Committee of the Red Cross. He was succeeded by Mohamed Sahnoun, formerly Senior Advisor to UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan. In 2009 Prof. Rajmohan Gandhi, historian and biographer of his grandfather Mahatma Gandhi, was elected President. In 2012 Dr Omnia Marzouk, a paediatrician originally from Egypt and now based in UK, was elected President. In 2014 Initiatives of Change was awarded the Ousseimi Prize for Tolerance. Conference centresInitiatives of Change has centres in numerous countries. The largest conference centres are Mountain House, formerly the Caux Palace Hotel in Caux, near Montreux, and Asia Plateau, south of Mumbai in India. Mountain House was a derelict hotel in 1946, when it was bought by 100 Swiss families, and restored as a place where the warring nations of Europe could meet. In the following years thousands came there, including German Chancellor Adenauer and French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman.[8] At Caux many found reconciliation with former enemies, notably the French socialist leader Irène Laure who had been active in the French Resistance and who, thereafter, devoted herself to building Franco-German understanding. Edward Luttwak described the work of Caux as an "important contribution to one of the greatest achievements in the entire record of modern statecraft: the astonishingly rapid Franco-German reconciliation after 1945."[9] In the following decades Caux welcomed people from African and Asian countries moving towards independence from colonial rule. In 1956, soon after Morocco became independent, King Mohammed V of Morocco sent a message to Frank Buchman: "I thank you for all you have done for Morocco in the course of these last testing years."[10] In 1960 Archbishop Makarios and Dr Kucuk, President and Vice-President of Cyprus, jointly sent the first flag of independent Cyprus to Caux in recognition of the center's help.[11] More recently, groups of opposing factions in the Great Lakes area of Africa, Sierra Leone and other areas of conflict, have met there. Also prominent in the center's programs have been meetings between management and unions. The Caux Round Table was launched there in 1986, and continues to meet there. It developed a program of Principles for Business[12] which are now used widely in business and industry. Each summer the centre holds a series of conferences dealing with specific subjects, attended by both teenagers and adults. In 2008 the first Caux Forum for Human Security, initiated by Mohamed Sahnoun, brought together 300 people working for peace and human security.[13] and this has developed into an annual conference on 'Just Governance for Human Security'. 'Land, Lives, Peace' brings together people from many countries working to restore degraded land to productive use. 'Children as Actors for Transforming Society' deals with children's rights and children's participation[14] in partnership with a coalition of civil society organisation such as the Child-to-Child Trust and Learning for Well-being or the International Janusz Korczak Association. Asia Plateau in India holds conferences throughout most of the year, dealing with ethical governance, cooperation for development and conflict resolution. These bring together workers and managers from many industries, NGO leaders, public servants, and others. It also holds international conferences such as 'Making democracy real' and 'Dialogue on Just Governance', which bring together participants from over 40 countries. References1. ^Initiatives of Change - An overview {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070824230251/http://www.iofc.org/en/abt/ |date=2007-08-24 }} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://iofc.org/faqs/|title=Frequently Asked Questions - IofC International|website=iofc.org|accessdate=8 June 2018}} 3. ^One America in the 21st Century: The President’s Initiative on Race, p.17 & 27; https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles/173431.pdf 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.trustandintegrity.org|title=TRUST AND INTEGRITY IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY – Practicing trust and integrity in personal, corporate and public life|website=www.trustandintegrity.org|accessdate=8 June 2018}} 5. ^http://genevalunch.com/2010/07/12/human-security-at-centre-of-caux-meeting/ 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.iofc.org/fr/node/45131?size=larger+preview|title=Article in the French newspaper La Croix, on 27 November 2009|publisher=|accessdate=8 June 2018}} 7. ^{{cite web |last = Lean |first = Mary |title = Diseases Without Borders: An Economic Struggle? |publisher = International Development Research Centre |year = 2015 |url = http://changemakersmagazine.org/creating-peace-wherever-you-are/ |accessdate = 2017-10-09 |df = }} 8. ^Lean, Garth, Frank Buchman: A Life, Constable, 1985, p. 382 9. ^Edward Luttwak "Franco-German Reconciliation: The overlooked role of the Moral Re-Armament movement", in Douglas Johnston and Cynthia Sampson (eds.), Religion, the Missing Dimension of Statecraft, Oxford University Press, 1994, pp. 37–63. 10. ^Lean, Garth; Frank Buchman: A Life, p. 454 11. ^Lean, Garth; Frank Buchman: A Life, p. 524 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cauxroundtable.org|title=Caux Round Table For Moral Capitalism -|first=Caux Round Table|last=(CRT)|website=www.cauxroundtable.org|accessdate=8 June 2018}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cauxforum.net|title=Caux Forum - IofC Caux|website=www.cauxforum.net|accessdate=8 June 2018}} 14. ^See report of Stichting Alexander, a non-profit Dutch research and advice agency on youth participation External links
6 : International nongovernmental organizations|International non-profit organizations|Organizations established in 1938|International organisations based in Switzerland|Organizations with participatory status with the Council of Europe|Organisations based in Geneva |
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