| 释义 |
- Name
- History Early history Mongol and Ming periods Qing period Republic of China and the Second World War periods People's Republic of China
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- See also
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{{Infobox settlement| name = {{raise|0.2em|Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Nei Mongol Autonomous Region}}[1]
| native_name = {{lower|0.2em|{{nobold|{{zh|s=内蒙古自治区}}}}
{{nobold|Mongolian}}: }}
{{nobold|Cyrillic}}:{{nobold| Өвөр Монголын Өөртөө Засах Орон}}
| settlement_type = Autonomous region
| translit_lang1 = Name
| translit_lang1_type = Chinese
| translit_lang1_info = Simplified: {{lang|zh-hans|内蒙古自治区}}
Traditional: {{lang|zh-hant|內蒙古自治區}}
PRC Standard Mandarin:
Nèi Měnggǔ Zìzhìqū
ROC Standard Mandarin:
Nèi Ménggǔ Zìzhìqū
| translit_lang1_type1 = Abbreviation
| translit_lang1_info1 = NM
Simplified: {{lang|zh-hans|内蒙}} or {{lang|zh-hans|内蒙古}}[2]
Traditional: {{lang|zh-hant|內蒙}} or {{lang|zh-hant|內蒙古}}
PRC Standard Mandarin:
Nèi Měng or Nèi Měnggǔ
ROC Standard Mandarin:
Nèi Méng or Nèi Ménggǔ
| image_map = Inner Mongolia in China (+all claims hatched).svg
| mapsize = 275px
| map_alt = Map showing the location of Inner Mongolia
| map_caption = Map showing the location of Inner Mongolia
| coordinates = {{coord|44|N|113|E|format=dms|type:adm1st_region:CN-15|display=it}}
| named_for = From the Mongolian öbür monggol, where öbür means the front, sunny side of a barrier (a mountain, mountain range, lake, desert, clothes etc...)
| seat_type = Capital
| seat = Hohhot
| seat1_type = Largest city
| seat1 = Baotou
| religion = Buddhist and other division of religion or unaffiliated
| parts_type = Divisions
| parts_style = para
| parts =
| p1 = 12 prefectures
| p2 = 101 counties
| p3 = 1425 townships
| leader_title = Secretary
| leader_name = Li Jiheng
| leader_title1 = Chairwoman
| leader_name1 = Bu Xiaolin
| area_footnotes = [3]
| area_total_km2 = 1183000
| area_rank = 3rd
| elevation_max_m = 3556
| elevation_max_point = Main Peak, Helan Mountains[4]
| population_footnotes = [5]
| population_total = 24706321
| population_as_of = 2010
| population_rank = 23rd
| population_est = 25050000
| pop_est_as_of = 31 December 2014
| pop_est_footnotes = [4]
| population_density_km2 = 20.2
| population_density_rank = 28th
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_footnotes = | demographics1_title1 = Ethnic composition| demographics1_info1 = Han - 79%
Mongol - 17%
Manchu - 2%
Hui - 0.9%
Daur - 0.3%| demographics1_title2 = Languages and dialects| demographics1_info2 = Mandarin (official),[{{cite web |title = China |url = http://www.ethnologue.com/country/CN/status |website = Ethnologue}}]
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nmg.gov.cn/fabu/tjxx/tjbg/201804/t20180424_668967.html|trans-title=Statistical Communiqué of Inner Mongolia on the 2017 National Economic and Social Development |script-title=zh:内蒙古自治区2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报|publisher=Statistical Bureau of Inner Mongolia|language=zh|date=2018-04-24|accessdate=2018-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622140139/http://www.nmg.gov.cn/fabu/tjxx/tjbg/201804/t20180424_668967.html|archive-date=2018-06-22|dead-url=yes|df=}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cn.undp.org/content/dam/china/docs/Publications/UNDP-CH-%20NHDR%202016%20EN.pdf|title=China National Human Development Report 2016|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|pages=146|accessdate=2017-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107005006/http://www.cn.undp.org/content/dam/china/docs/Publications/UNDP-CH-%20NHDR%202016%20EN.pdf#|archive-date=2017-01-07|dead-url=no|df=}}
8. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/statisticaldata/censusdata/rkpc2010/indexch.htm |title = TABULATION ON THE 2010 POPULATION CENSUS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA |work = stats.gov.cn |access-date = 2013-05-07 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130707111020/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/statisticaldata/censusdata/rkpc2010/indexch.htm# |archive-date = 2013-07-07 |dead-url = no |df = }}
9. ^Huhbator Borjigin. 2004. The history and political character of the name of 'Nei Menggu' (Inner Mongolia). Inner Asia 6: 61–80.
10. ^History of Mongolia, Volume I, 2003.
11. ^Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian.
12. ^CPAtwood-Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, p. 246.
13. ^Atwood, Christopher. Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, p. 449.
14. ^{{cite journal |jstor = 3985584|title = Land Use and Society in Manchuria and Inner Mongolia during the Qing Dynasty |last = Reardon-Anderson |first = James |date=Oct 2000|volume = 5 |pages = 503–530 |number = No. 4 |journal = Environmental History |doi = 10.2307/3985584 }}
15. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=fA7ADxUa6vUC&pg=PA41&dq=Cross+league+borders+mongols&hl=en&sa=X&ei=yqgfVMatINiiyATElYKAAQ&ved=0CCcQ6wEwAA#v=onepage&q=Cross%20league%20borders%20mongols&f=false Bulag 2012], p. 41.
16. ^{{cite book |title = The Cambridge History of China |last= |first= |authorlink= |volume=10 |year=1978 |publisher = Cambridge University Press |location= |isbn= |page=356 |url= }}
17. ^Atwood, Christopher. The Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, p. 454.
18. ^Atwood, Christopher. The Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire, p. 91.
19. ^Belov, E. A. Anti-Chinese rebellion led by Babujav in Inner Mongolia, 1915–1916. – Annaly (Moscow), no. 2, 1996.
20. ^Belov, E. A. Rossiya i Mongoliya (1911–1919). Moscow: Vost. Lit. Publ.
21. ^1 {{cite book|last=Lin|first=Hsiao-ting|chapter=4 War and new frontier designs|title=Modern China's Ethnic Frontiers: A Journey to the West|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N8YtCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA65#v=onepage&q&f=false|series=Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia|date=13 September 2010|isbn=978-1-136-92393-7|publisher=Routledge|pages=65–66}}
22. ^{{cite book|last=Lin|first=Hsiao-ting|chapter=4 War and new frontier designs|title=Modern China's Ethnic Frontiers: A Journey to the West|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DBPJBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT136#v=onepage&q&f=false|series=Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia|date=13 September 2010|isbn=978-1-136-92392-0|publisher=Routledge|pages=136–}}
23. ^{{cite book|last=Lin|first=Hsiao-ting|chapter=4 War and new frontier designs|title=Modern China's Ethnic Frontiers: A Journey to the West|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DBPJBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT137#v=onepage&q&f=false|series=Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia|date=13 September 2010|isbn=978-1-136-92392-0|publisher=Routledge|pages=137|access-date=2018-05-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110001138/https://books.google.com/books?id=DBPJBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT137#v=onepage&q&f=false#v=onepage&q&f=false|archive-date=2018-11-10|dead-url=no|df=}}
24. ^David Sneath, "The Impact of the Cultural Revolution in China on the Mongolians of Inner Mongolia", in Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 28, No. 2 (May, 1994), pp. 409–430.
25. ^{{cite web |url = http://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/19/world/asia/china-mongolians-culture/ |title = Ethnic Mongolians in China concerned about cultural threat |author = Chi Chi Zhang, CNN |date = 19 April 2012 |work = CNN |access-date = 2015-03-24 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150402092316/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/19/world/asia/china-mongolians-culture/# |archive-date = 2015-04-02 |dead-url = no |df = }}
26. ^{{cite web |url = http://content.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1975397,00.html |title = Ordos, China: A Modern Ghost Town |work = TIME.com |access-date = 2015-03-24 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150324164032/http://content.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1975397,00.html# |archive-date = 2015-03-24 |dead-url = no |df = }}
27. ^{{cite news |url = https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17390729 |title = Ordos: The biggest ghost town in China |newspaper = BBC News |access-date = 2018-06-21 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180624074430/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-17390729# |archive-date = 2018-06-24 |dead-url = no |df = |date = 2012-03-17 |last1 = Day |first1 = Peter }}
28. ^{{cite web |url = http://edition.cnn.com/videos/world/2012/04/18/atsr-china-inner-mongolian-culture-clash.cnn |title = Inner Mongolians culture clash |date = 18 April 2012 |work = CNN |access-date = 2015-03-24 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150402185604/http://edition.cnn.com/videos/world/2012/04/18/atsr-china-inner-mongolian-culture-clash.cnn# |archive-date = 2015-04-02 |dead-url = no |df = }}
29. ^http://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/launches-09052013110502.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402191136/http://www.rfa.org/english/news/china/launches-09052013110502.html# |date=2015-04-02 }}.
30. ^1 2 Wei Zhang, Mingyue He, Yonghua Li, Zhijiu Cui, Zhilin Wang and Yang Yu; [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11434-012-5283-z?LI=true “Quaternary glacier development and the relationship between the climate change and tectonic uplift in the Helan Mountains”] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614221659/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11434-012-5283-z?LI=true# |date=2017-06-14 }}; in Chinese Science Bulletin; December 2012, Volume 57, Issue 34, pp. 4491–4504.
31. ^Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111122113252/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Asia_Koppen_Map.png# |date=2011-11-22 }}. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11: 1633–1644.
32. ^{{cite web |language=zh-hans |url=http://files2.mca.gov.cn/cws/201502/20150225163817214.html |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码 |publisher=Ministry of Civil Affairs |title=Archived copy |access-date=2015-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113603/http://files2.mca.gov.cn/cws/201502/20150225163817214.html# |archive-date=2015-04-02 |dead-url=no |df= }}
33. ^{{zh}}{{cite book|language=zh-hans|author=Shenzhen Statistical Bureau |publisher=China Statistics Print|script-title=zh:《深圳统计年鉴2014》|url=http://www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2014/indexce.htm|date=|accessdate=2015-05-29|title=Archived copy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150512184740/http://www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2014/indexce.htm#|archive-date=2015-05-12|dead-url=no|df=}}
34. ^{{cite book| author1=Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China| author2=Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China | script-title=zh:中国2010人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料|date=2012|publisher=China Statistics Print|location=Beijing|isbn=978-7-5037-6660-2|edition=1}}
35. ^{{cite book |language=zh-hans |author=Ministry of Civil Affairs |script-title=zh:《中国民政统计年鉴2014》|year=August 2014 |publisher=China Statistics Print (中国统计出版社) |isbn= 978-7-5037-7130-9}}
36. ^1 2 {{cite book |author=国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编 |date=2012 |script-title=zh:中国2010年人口普查分县资料 |location=Beijing |publisher=China Statistics Print |page= |isbn=978-7-5037-6659-6 }}
37. ^1 {{cite web |url = http://www.thechinaperspective.com/topics/province/inner-mongolia-autonomous-region/ |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110926072632/http://www.thechinaperspective.com/topics/province/inner-mongolia-autonomous-region/ |dead-url = yes |archive-date = 2011-09-26 |title = China Economy @ China Perspective |website = thechinaperspective.com }}
38. ^{{cite web |url = http://english.people.com.cn/200512/27/eng20051227_231175.html |title = People's Daily Online -- Inner Mongolia to double annual coal output by 2010 |work = people.com.cn |access-date = 2006-02-05 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060627095229/http://english.people.com.cn/200512/27/eng20051227_231175.html# |archive-date = 2006-06-27 |dead-url = no |df = }}
39. ^{{cite web |url = http://english.people.com.cn/200602/05/eng20060205_240396.html |title = People's Daily Online -- Inner Mongolia's economy maintains a rapid growth momentum |work = people.com.cn |access-date = 2006-02-05 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060228041645/http://english.people.com.cn/200602/05/eng20060205_240396.html# |archive-date = 2006-02-28 |dead-url = no |df = }}
40. ^Baotou National Rare-Earth Hi-Tech Industiral Development Zone {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016091736/http://www.rev.cn/en/abo.htm |date=2015-10-16 }}.
41. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20180921074013/http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/Hohhot-export-processing-zone/ RightSite.asia | Hohhot Export Processing Zone].
42. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16767.htm |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于第一次全国人口调查登记结果的公报 |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China |deadurl=yes |language=zh |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805174810/http://www.stats.gov.cn/TJGB/RKPCGB/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16767.htm |archivedate=2009-08-05 |df= }}
43. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16768.htm |script-title=zh:第二次全国人口普查结果的几项主要统计数字 |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914173158/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16768.htm |archivedate=2012-09-14 |df= |trans-title=Some major statistics on the results of the second national census|language=zh}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16769.htm |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九八二年人口普查主要数字的公报 |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China |deadurl=yes |language=zh |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510075429/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16769.htm |archivedate=2012-05-10 |df=|trans-title=The Bulletin of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China on the Major Figures of the 1982 Population Census}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16772.htm |script-title=zh:中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九九〇年人口普查主要数据的公报 |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China |deadurl=yes |language=zh |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120619002216/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16772.htm |archivedate=2012-06-19 |df= }}
46. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020331_15435.htm |script-title=zh:现将2000年第五次全国人口普查快速汇总的人口地区分布数据公布如下 |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China |deadurl=yes |language=zh |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120829052024/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020331_15435.htm |archivedate=2012-08-29 |df= }}
47. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm |title=Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China |deadurl=yes |language=zh |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727021210/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm |archivedate=2013-07-27 |df= }}
48. ^Myron Weiner, Sharon Stanton Russell(2001). Demography and national security. page 276, table 9.4.
49. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21710264-worlds-rising-superpower-has-particular-vision-ethnicity-and-nationhood-has|title=Who is Chinese? The Upper Han|last=|first=|date=2016-11-19|work=|newspaper=The Economist|issn=0013-0613|access-date=2017-01-02|via=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101064815/http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21710264-worlds-rising-superpower-has-particular-vision-ethnicity-and-nationhood-has#|archive-date=2017-01-01|dead-url=no|df=}}
50. ^{{cite book|title=Mongolia in the Twentieth Century|date=1999|publisher=Rutledge|location=New York City|page=213}}
51. ^{{cite news|last1=He|first1=Shenghai|last2=Eade|first2=John|title=Unequal Marriage Exchange Between Majority and Minority Groups: A Case Study From Inner Mongolia, China|url=http://www.davidpublisher.com/Public/uploads/Contribute/55f62d8c9a871.pdf|work=Sociology Study|date=May 2015|access-date=2016-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729171043/http://www.davidpublisher.com/Public/uploads/Contribute/55f62d8c9a871.pdf#|archive-date=2018-07-29|dead-url=no|df=}}
52. ^{{cite book |editor1=Department of Population, Social, Science and Technology Statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics of China (国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司) |editor2=Department of Economic Development of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission of China (国家民族事务委员会经济发展司) |trans-title=Tabulation on Nationalities of 2010 Population Census of China |script-title=zh:《2010年人口普查中国民族人口资料》 |location=Beijing |publisher=Nationalities Publishing House (民族出版社) |isbn=978-7-105-05425-1|year=2003 }}
53. ^1 2 (without Rehe) {{cite book |script-title=zh:《中华人民共和国人口统计资料汇编1949—1985》 |trans-title=People's Republic of demographic data compilation 1949–1985 |publisher=China Financial and Economic Publishing House (中国财政经济出版社) |year=1988 |page=924}}
54. ^{{cite url |publisher=Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Bureau of Statistics |url=http://www.nmgtj.gov.cn/Html/rkpc/2009-7/0/781.shtml |script-title=zh:1990年第四次人口普查 |trans-title=4th National Census |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130727021401/http://www.nmgtj.gov.cn/Html/rkpc/2009-7/0/781.shtml# |archive-date=2013-07-27 |dead-url=yes |df= }}.
55. ^{{cite book |script-title=zh:《2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料》 |trans-title=5th National Census |publisher=Nationalities Publishing House (民族出版社) |year=2003 |pages=4–8}}
56. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nmgtj.gov.cn/Html/gzdt/2011-5/23/1152309433324071.shtml |script-title=zh:内蒙古自治区发布2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130712223019/http://www.nmgtj.gov.cn/Html/gzdt/2011-5/23/1152309433324071.shtml# |archive-date=2013-07-12 |dead-url=yes |df= }}
57. ^"Baidu" network: Inner Mongolian Banner demographics (in Chinese).
58. ^"XZQH.org" network: Inner Mongolian Banner demographics {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904055943/http://www.xzqh.org/html/show/nm/35098.html# |date=2015-09-04 }} (in Chinese).
59. ^{{cite book|last1=Tsung|first1=Linda|title=Language Power and Hierarchy: Multilingual Education in China|date=October 27, 2014|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|page=59|chapter=3}}
60. ^1 {{cite book|last1=Janhunen|first1=Juha|title=Mongolian|date=November 29, 2012|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|page=11|chapter=1}}
61. ^{{cite book|last1=Tsung|first1=Linda|title=Language Power and Hierarchy: Multilingual Education in China|date=October 27, 2014|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|chapter=3}}
62. ^{{cite book|last1=Iredale|first1=Robyn|last2=Bilik|first2=Naran|last3=Fei|first3=Guo|title=China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies|date=August 2, 2003|page=84|chapter=4}}
63. ^{{cite book|last1=Janhunen|first1=Juha|title=Mongolian|date=November 29, 2012|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|page=16|chapter=1}}
64. ^{{cite book|last1=Otsuka|first1=Hitomi|title=More Morphologies: Contributions to the Festival of Languages, Bremen, 17 Sep to 7 Oct, 2009|date=30 Nov 2012|page=99|chapter=6}}
65. ^{{cite book|last1=Iredale|first1=Robyn|title=China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies|date=August 2, 2003|publisher=Routledge|pages=56, 64–67|chapter=3}}
66. ^{{cite book |last1=Janhunen|first1=Juha|title=Mongolian|date=November 29, 2012 |publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|page=11|chapter=1}}{{cite book |last1=Iredale|first1=Robyn|last2=Bilik|first2=Naran|last3=Fei|first3=Guo|title=China's Minorities on the Move: Selected Case Studies|date=August 2, 2003|page=61|chapter=3}}
67. ^e.g. Sečenbaγatur, Qasgerel, Tuyaγ-a, B. ǰirannige, U Ying ǰe. 2005. Mongγul kelen-ü nutuγ-un ayalγun-u sinǰilel-ün uduridqal. Kökeqota: ÖMAKQ.
68. ^e.g. Janhunen, Juha. 2006. Mongolic languages. In: Brown, K. (ed.): The encyclopedia of language & linguistics. Amsterdam: Elsevier: 231–234.
69. ^Sečenbaγatur et al. 2005: 85.
70. ^Janhunen, Juha. 1997. The languages of Manchuria in today’s China. In: Northern Minority languages: Problems of survival. Senri ethnological studies, 44: 123–146. See pages 130–133.
71. ^Fenggang Yang, Graeme Lang. Social Scientific Studies of Religion in China. BRILL, 2012. {{ISBN|9004182462}}. pp. 184-185, reporting the results of surveys held in 2004 by the Minzu University of China. Quote from page 185: «[...] the registered adherents of the five official religions comprise only 3.7% of those [populations] in Inner Mongolia. When we compare this final statistic with Minzu University research team's finding that 80% of the inhabitants of Inner Mongolia worship Tian (loosely translated "Heaven") and aobao (traditional stone structures that serve as altars for sacrifice), it is evident that the official calculations of registered religious believers are markedly low, and the policy decisions based on these numbers lack the necessary grounding in reality. [...] Foreign religions can be transformed into indigenous ethnic religions, and the traditional folk religions of China's ethnic minorities can integrate and neutralize non-native religions. Thus, China's ethnic religions should not be regarded as social burdens or challenges, but rather as valuable cultural assets.»
72. ^Jiayu Wu, Yong Fang (2016). [https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jaabe/15/1/15_9/_pdf Study on the Protection of the Lama Temple Heritage in Inner Mongolia as a Cultural Landscape] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407022127/https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jaabe/15/1/15_9/_pdf# |date=2016-04-07 }}. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, v. 15 n. 1, January 2016. Note that the article, in an evident mistranslation from Chinese, reports 30 million Tibetan Buddhists in Inner Mongolia instead of 3 million.
73. ^Chinese Spiritual Life Survey (CSLS) 2007, China General Social Survey (CGSS) 2009. Results reported by: [https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1 Xiuhua Wang (2015, p. 15)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925123928/https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1 |date=2015-09-25 }}
74. ^Min Junqing. The Present Situation and Characteristics of Contemporary Islam in China. JISMOR, 8. [https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/duar/repository/ir/18185/r002000080004.pdf 2010 Islam by province, page 29] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427140204/https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/duar/repository/ir/18185/r002000080004.pdf# |date=2017-04-27 }}. Data from: Yang Zongde, Study on Current Muslim Population in China, Jinan Muslim, 2, 2010.
75. ^John Man. Genghis Khan: Life, Death and Resurrection. Bantam Press, London, 2004. {{ISBN|9780553814989}}. pp. 402–404.
76. ^John Man. Genghis Khan. Bantam, 2005. {{ISBN|0553814982}}. p. 23.
Further reading - Borjigin, Monkbat. "A case study of Language education in the Inner Mongolia" ([https://www.webcitation.org/6cHL8AD7z?url=http://mitizane.ll.chiba-u.jp/metadb/up/AA11256001/21857148_16_17.pdf Archive]; Japanese title: {{lang|ja|内モンゴル自治区における言語教育について}}). Journal of Chiba University Eurasian Society ({{lang|ja|千葉大学ユーラシア言語文化論集}}) 16, 261-266, 2014-09-25. Chiba University Eurasian Society ({{lang|ja|千葉大学ユーラシア言語文化論講座}}). [https://web.archive.org/web/20151016091736/http://mitizane.ll.chiba-u.jp/meta-bin/mt-pdetail.cgi?cd=00117993 See profile at] Chiba University Repository. [https://web.archive.org/web/20151016091736/http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/120005476923 See profile at] CiNii. - In English with a Japanese abstract.
- {{cite book|author=Yin-tʻang Chang|title=The Economic Development and Prospects of Inner Mongolia (Chahar, Suiyuan, and Ningsia)|url=https://books.google.com/?id=zlklAAAAMAAJ&q=chahars+1919&dq=chahars+1919|year=1933|publisher=Commercial Press, Limited|page=117}}
External links {{Commons|Inner Mongolia}}- {{zh icon}} Inner Mongolia Government website
- {{mn icon}} Inner Mongolia Government website
- Welcome to Inner Mongolia-Mongolia Tours with Samar Magic Tours
- {{Wikivoyage-inline}}
{{-}}{{Geographic location
|Northwest = {{flag|Zabaykalsky Krai}}, {{RUS}}
{{flag|Dornogovi}}, {{flag|Sükhbaatar}}, {{MNG}}
|North = {{flag|Zabaykalsky Krai}}, {{RUS}}
{{flag|Ömnögovi}}, {{flag|Bayankhongor}} and {{flag|Govi-Altai}}, {{MNG}}
|Northeast = Heilongjiang
|West = {{flag|Dornod}}, {{MNG}}
|Centre = Inner Mongolia
|East = Heilongjiang, Jilin
|Southwest = Gansu
|South = Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia
|Southeast = Liaoning
}}{{Province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}{{Inner Mongolia topics}}{{Inner Mongolia}}{{Mongol autonomy in the People's Republic of China}} 7 : Autonomous regions of China|Inner Mongolia|Mongols in China|1947 establishments in China|States and territories established in 1947|Inner Asia|Historical regions |