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词条 International Amateur Radio Union
释义

  1. Governance

  2. Regional organisation

      IARU Region 1    IARU Region 2   IARU Region 3 

  3. GAREC - Global Amateur Radio Emergency Communications Conferences

  4. Radiosport

  5. Operating Station and the WAC Award

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{infobox Organization
|name = International Amateur Radio Union
|image = iaru_logo.png
|image_border =
|size = 100px
|caption =
|map =
|msize =
|mcaption =
|abbreviation = IARU
|motto = "Representing the Interests of Two-Way Amateur Radio Communication"[1]
|formation = 1925[1]
|extinction =
|type = INGO
|status =
|purpose = Advocacy
|headquarters = Newington, Connecticut, USA
|location =
|region_served = Worldwide
|membership = 162 national member societies[2]
|language = English[3]
|leader_title = President
|leader_name = Tim Ellam VE6SH[1]
|main_organ = Administrative Council[6]
|affiliations =
|num_staff =
|budget =
|website = {{URL|www.iaru.org}}
}}

The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) is an international confederation of national amateur radio organisations that allows a forum for common matters of concern and collectively represents matters to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Following an informal meeting in 1924 of representatives from France, Great Britain, Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Luxembourg, Canada, and the United States, a plan was formulated to hold an International Amateur Congress in Paris, France in April 1925. This Congress was held for the purpose of founding an international amateur radio organization.[4] The Congress was attended by representatives of 23 countries in Europe, Americas, and Asia. A constitution for the IARU was adopted on April 17, and the formation of the International Amateur Radio Union was ratified on April 18, 1925.[5]

The protocol of the congress was written in English, French and Esperanto.[6]

As of February 2009, the International Amateur Radio Union is composed of 162 national member societies.[7]

Governance

The IARU has an elected President and Vice President, an appointed Secretary and other officials (including regional representatives) forming an Administrative Council. These office holders are presently Timothy Ellam (Canada), President; Ole Garpestad (Norway), Vice-President and Rod Stafford (USA), Secretary.[8] The IARU International Secretariat (IARUIS) is operated by a member society after election by members. Currently, the American Radio Relay League (ARRL) operates the IARUIS from its headquarters in Newington, Connecticut, USA.[9]

Regional organisation

The IARU is organised into three regions, named Region 1, Region 2, and Region 3. These regions correspond to the regulatory regions used by the International Telecommunication Union. Each region has an Executive Committee, typically composed of a President, Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and several Directors. These regional officers are elected by representatives from the member societies at triennial regional conferences. Coordinators may be appointed by the Executive Committee of their region to support particular areas within the region, or to promote certain amateur radio activities within the region. All three regions have appointed Coordinators for Amateur Radio Direction Finding, emergency communications, monitoring for electromagnetic interference, and radio propagation.

IARU Region 1

IARU Region 1 includes the member societies representing amateur radio operators in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and northern Asia. IARU Region 1 has the largest number of member societies among the three IARU regions, and has been the source of several international initiatives. IARU Region 1 lobbying efforts led to the creation of the 30 meter, 17 meter, and 12 meter amateur radio bands, improving the standardization of reciprocal licensing, and promoting Amateur Radio Direction Finding.[10]

CountryMember Society/web siteAbbreviation
{{ALB}} Albanian Amateur Radio AssociationAARA
{{DZA}} Amateurs Radio AlgeriensARA
{{AND}} Unió de Radioaficionats AndorransURA
{{ARM}} Federation of Radiosport of the Republic of ArmeniaFRRA
{{AUT}} Österreichischer VersuchssenderverbandOEVSV
{{AZE}} Federation of Radiosport of the Republic of AzerbaijanFRS
{{BHR}} Amateur Radio Association of BahrainARAB
{{BLR}} Belarusian Federation of Radioamateurs and RadiosportsmenBFRR
{{BEL}} Royal Union of Belgian Radio AmateursUBA
{{BIH}} Asocijacija Radioamatera u Bosne i HercegovineARABH
{{BWA}} Botswana Amateur Radio SocietyBARS
{{BUL}} Bulgarian Federation of Radio AmateursBFRA
{{BFA}} Association des Radioamateurs du Burkina FasoARBF
{{CMR}} Association des Radio Amateurs du CamerounARTJ
{{CIV}} Association Des Radio Amateurs IvoiriensARAI
{{HRV}} Hrvatski Radioamaterski SavezHRS
{{CYP}} Cyprus Amateur Radio SocietyCARS
{{CZE}} Český RadioklubCRK
{{COD}} Association des Radio Amateurs du CongoARAC
{{DNK}} Experimenterende Danske RadioamatørerEDR
{{DJI}} Association des Radioamateurs de DjiboutiARAD
{{EGY}} Egypt Amateurs Radio AssemblyEARA
{{EST}} Eesti Raadioamatööride ÜhingERAU
{{ETH}} Ethiopian Amateur Radio SocietyEARS
{{FRO}} Føroyskir RadioamatørarFRA
{{FIN}} Suomen RadioamatööriliittoSRAL
{{FRA}} Réseau des Émetteurs FrançaisREF
{{GAB}} Association Gabonaise des Radio-AmateursAGRA
{{GMB}} Radio Society of The GambiaRSTG
{{GEO}} National Association Radioamateurs of GeorgiaNARG
{{DEU}} Deutscher Amateur-Radio-ClubDARC
{{GHA}} Ghana Amateur Radio SocietyGARS
{{GIB}} Gibraltar Amateur Radio SocietyGARS
{{GRC}} Radio Amateur Association of GreeceRAAG
{{GIN}} Association des Radioamateurs de GuineaARGUI
{{HUN}} Magyar Rádióamatõr Szövetség MRASZ
{{ISL}} Íslenskir RadíóamatörarIRA
{{IRQ}} Iraqi Amateur Radio SocietyIARS
{{IRL}} Irish Radio Transmitters SocietyIRTS
{{ISR}} Israel Amateur Radio ClubIARC
{{ITA}} Associazione Radioamatori ItalianiARI
{{JOR}} Royal Jordanian Radio Amateur SocietyRJRAS
{{KAZ}} Kazakhstan Federation of Radiosport and Radio AmateurKFRR
{{KEN}} Amateur Radio Society of KenyaARSK
{{XKX}} Shoqata e Radio Amatoreve te KosovesSHRAK
{{KWT}} Kuwait Amateur Radio SocietyKARS
{{LVA}} Latvijas Radio Amatieru LīgaLRAL
{{LBN}} Radio Amateurs of LebanonRAL
{{LSO}} Lesotho Amateur Radio SocietyLARS
{{LBR}} Liberia Radio Amateur AssociationLRAA
{{LIE}} Amateurfunk Verein LiechtensteinAFVL
{{LTU}} Lietuvos Radijo Mėgėjų DraugijaLRMD
{{LUX}} Luxembourg Amateur Radio SocietyRL
{{MLI}} Club des Radioamateurs et Affilies du MaliCRAM
{{MLT}} Malta Amateur Radio LeagueMARL
{{MUS}} Mauritius Amateur Radio SocietyMARS
{{MDA}} Asociația Radioamatorilor din MoldovaARM
{{MCO}} Association des Radio-Amateurs de MonacoARM
{{MNG}} Mongolian Radio Sport FederationMRSF
{{MNE}} Montenegrin Amateur Radio PoolMARP
{{MAR}} Association Royale des Radio Amateurs du MarocARRAM
{{MOZ}} Liga dos Rádio Emissores de MoçambiqueLREM
{{NAM}} Namibian Amateur Radio LeagueNARL
{{NLD}} Vereniging voor Experimenteel Radio Onderzoek NederlandVERON
{{NGA}} Nigeria Amateur Radio SocietyNARS
{{NMK}} Radioamaterski Sojuz na MakedonijaRSM
{{NOR}} Norsk Radio Relæ LigaNRRL
{{OMN}} Royal Omani Amateur Radio SocietyROARS
{{POL}} Polski Związek KrótkofalowcówPZK
{{PRT}} Rede dos Emissores PortuguesesREP
{{QAT}} Qatar Amateur Radio SocietyQARS
{{ROM}} Federaţia Română de RadioamatorismFRR
{{RWA}} Rwanda Amateur Radio UnionRARU
{{RUS}} Russian Amateur Radio UnionSRR
{{SMR}} Associazione Radioamatori della Repubblica di San MarinoARRSM
{{SEN}} Association des Radio-Amateurs du SenegalARAS
{{SRB}} Savez Radio-Amatera SrbijeSRS
{{SLE}} Sierra Leone Amateur Radio SocietySLARS
{{SVK}} Slovenský Zväz RádioamatérovSZR
{{SVN}} Zveza Radioamaterjev SlovenijeZRS
{{ZAF}} South African Radio LeagueSARL
{{ESP}} Unión de Radioaficionados EspañolesURE
{{SWZ}} Radio Society of SwazilandRSS
{{SWE}} Föreningen Sveriges SändareamatörerSSA
{{CHE}} Union of Swiss Short Wave AmateursUSKA
{{SYR}} Syrian Scientific Technical Amateur Radio SocietySSTARS
{{TJK}} Tajik Amateur Radio LeagueTARL
{{TZA}} Tanzania Amateur Radio ClubTARC
{{TUN}} Association des Radio Amateurs TunisiensARAT
{{TUR}} Telsiz ve Radyo Amatörleri CemiyetiTRAC
{{TKM}} Liga Radiolyubiteley TurkmenistanaLRT
{{UGA}} Uganda Amateur Radio SocietyUARS
{{UKR}} Ukrainian Amateur Radio LeagueUARL
{{UAE}} Emirates Amateur Radio SocietyEARS
{{GBR}} Radio Society of Great BritainRSGB
{{YEM}}No representation—ham radio prohibited
{{ZMB}} Radio Society of ZambiaRSZ
{{ZWE}} Zimbabwe Amateur Radio SocietyZARS

IARU Region 2

IARU Region 2 includes the member societies representing amateur radio operators in Americas. The organization of IARU Region 2 was founded in 1964 when representatives from 15 national radio societies attended the First Panamerican Radio Amateur Congress in Mexico City, Mexico. Antonio Pita, XE1CCP was the region's first elected President.[11]

CountryMember SocietyAbbreviation
{{AIA}} Anguilla Amateur Radio SocietyAARS
{{ATG}} Antigua and Barbuda Amateur Radio SocietyABARS
{{ARG}} Radio Club ArgentinoRCA
{{ABW}} Aruba Amateur Radio ClubAARC
{{BHS}} Bahamas Amateur Radio SocietyBARS
{{BRB}} Amateur Radio Society of BarbadosARSB
{{BLZ}} Belize Amateur Radio ClubBARC
{{BMU}} Radio Society of BermudaRSB
{{BOL}} Radio Club BolivianoRCB
{{BRA}} Liga de Amadores Brasileiros de Rádio EmissãoLABRE
{{VGB}} British Virgin Islands Radio LeagueBVIRL
{{CAN}} Radio Amateurs of CanadaRAC
{{CYM}} Cayman Amateur Radio SocietyCARS
{{CHL}} Radio Club de ChileRCCH
{{COL}} Liga Colombiana de RadioaficionadosLCRA
{{CRI}} Radio Club de Costa RicaRCCR
{{CUB}} Federacion de Radioaficionados de CubaFRC
{{DMA}} Dominica Amateur Radio ClubDARCI
{{DOM}} Radio Club DominicanoRCD
{{ECU}} Guayaquil Radio ClubGRC
{{SLV}} Club de Radio Aficionados de El SalvadorCRAS
{{GRD}} Grenada Amateur Radio ClubGARC
{{GTM}} Club de Radioaficionados de GuatemalaCRAG
{{GUY}} Guyana Amateur Radio AssociationGARA
{{HAI}} Radio Club d'HaïtiRCH
{{HND}} Radio Club de HondurasRCH
{{JAM}} Jamaica Amateur Radio AssociationJARA
{{MEX}} Federacion Mexicana de Radio ExperimentadoresFMRE
{{MSR}} Montserrat Amateur Radio SocietyMARS
{{ANT}} Vereniging voor Experimenteel Radio Onderzoek in de Nederlandse AntillenVERONA
{{NIC}} Club de Radioexperimentadores de NicaraguaCREN
{{PAN}} Liga Panameña de RadioaficionadosLPRA
{{PRY}} Radio Club ParaguayoRCP
{{PER}} Radio Club PeruanoRCP
{{SUR}} Vereniging van Radio Amateurs in SurinameVRAS
{{TTO}} Trinidad and Tobago Amateur Radio SocietyTTARS
{{TCA}} Turks and Caicos Amateur Radio SocietyTACARS
{{USA}} American Radio Relay LeagueARRL
{{URY}} Radio Club UruguayoRCU
{{VEN}} Radio Club VenezolanoRCV

IARU Region 3

IARU Region 3 includes member societies representing amateur radio operators in Australia, most of Asia, and the Pacific Islands. Although most of their membership is located in other IARU regions, the American Radio Relay League and the Radio Society of Great Britain are full member societies of IARU Region 3. The ARRL represents amateur radio operators in American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Marianas, and other dependent territories in the Pacific Ocean. The RSGB represents amateur radio operators in the British Indian Ocean Territory. IARU Region 3 has a special emphasis on promoting the harmonization of license qualifications in an effort to promote easier reciprocal operations by amateur radio operators in the region.[12]

CountryMember SocietyAbbreviation
{{AUS}} Wireless Institute of AustraliaWIA
{{BGD}} Bangladesh Amateur Radio LeagueBARL
{{BRN}} Brunei Darussalam Amateur Radio AssociationBDARA
{{CHN}} Chinese Radio Amateurs ClubCRAC
{{ROC}} Chinese Taipei Amateur Radio LeagueCTARL
{{FIJ}} Fiji Association of Radio AmateursFARA
{{PYF}} Club Oceanien de Radio et d'AstronomieCORA
{{HKG}} Hong Kong Amateur Radio Transmitting SocietyHARTS
{{IND}} Amateur Radio Society of IndiaARSI
{{IDN}} Organisasi Amatir Radio IndonesiaORARI
{{JPN}} Japan Amateur Radio LeagueJARL
{{MAC}} Associação dos Radioamadores de MacauARM
{{MYS}} Malaysian Amateur Radio Transmitters' SocietyMARTS
{{MMR}} Burma Amateur Radio Transmitting SocietyBARTS
{{NCL}} Association des Radio-Amateurs de Nouvelle-CalédonieARANC
{{NZL}} New Zealand Association of Radio TransmittersNZART
{{PRK}}No representation—ham radio prohibited
{{PAK}} Pakistan Amateur Radio SocietyPARS
{{PNG}} Papua New Guinea Amateur Radio SocietyPNGARS
{{PHL}} Philippine Amateur Radio AssociationPARA
{{PCN}} Pitcairn Island Amateur Radio AssociationPIARA
{{WSM}} Samoa Amateur Radio ClubSARC
{{SGP}} Singapore Amateur Radio Transmitting SocietySARTS
{{SLB}} Solomon Islands Radio SocietySIRS
{{KOR}} Korean Amateur Radio LeagueKARL
{{LKA}} Radio Society of Sri LankaRSSL
{{THA}} Radio Amateur Society of ThailandRAST
{{TON}} Amateur Radio Club of TongaARCOT
{{VUT}} Vanuatu Amateur Radio SocietyVARS
{{VNM}} Vietnam Amateur Radio Club[https://web.archive.org/web/20111020225408/http://varc.radioclub.asia/ VARC]

GAREC - Global Amateur Radio Emergency Communications Conferences

The Global Amateur Radio Emergency Communications Conference or "GAREC" is a yearly conference held by the International Amateur Radio Union for discussion of amateur radio operation during natural disasters and other emergencies with the motto, "Saving lives through emergency communications".[13] GAREC was first held in Tampere, Finland in 2005, coinciding with the adoption of the Tampere Convention, a globally binding emergency communications treaty that had been signed in Tampere in 1998.[14] In later conferences, the venue has attempted to rotate in sequence through ITU Regions 1, 2 and 3 (though not necessarily in that particular order).

Radiosport

The IARU organises and promotes radiosport activities throughout the world. The IARU promulgates the rules used for high-speed telegraphy and sponsors regional and world championships. The IARU also promulgates the rules used by most competitions in amateur radio direction finding, including IARU-sponsored regional and world championships. The IARU also sponsors the annual IARU HF World Championship in amateur radio contesting. The IARU does not directly administer any of these radiosport events, but authorises and sponsors them through host organisations.[15]

Operating Station and the WAC Award

The IARU maintains a radio station at its headquarters in Newington, Connecticut. Its callsign is NU1AW. As an amateur radio station licensed by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission the "1" stands for its location in the New England area. "NU" was taken from the pre-1928 era when amateurs made up their own prefixes, and informally used these letters to show they were in "North America—USA". The "AW" suffix represents the connection with the American Radio Relay League, whose own station is W1AW. NU1AW is frequently active during amateur radio contests.[16]

For many years the IARU has issued the Worked All Continents certificate to amateurs who contact fellow hams in the six permanently populated continental areas of the world. Special awards and endorsements for various bands and modes are also available.

See also

  • International distress frequency#Amateur radio frequencies

References

1. ^1 2 International Amateur Radio Union (2007). "The International Amateur Radio Union". Oct. 22, 2007.
2. ^International Amateur Radio Union (2005). "Member Societies". Jan. 7, 2005.
3. ^IARU Constitution {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080220103254/http://www.iaru.org/iarucnst.html |date=2008-02-20 }}
4. ^{{cite book|author = Clinton B. DeSoto|title = 200 meters & Down — The Story of Amateur Radio|year = 1936|publisher = The American Radio Relay League|location = W. Hartford, CT|isbn = 0-87259-001-1|pages=106–109}}
5. ^Sumner, David (2000). "IARU 75th Anniversary, 18 April 2000" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414235434/http://www.iaru.org/cal-180.html |date=14 April 2010 }}. The Calendar, International Amateur Radio Union, No. 180, March 15, 2000.
6. ^editeur Etienne Chiron 40 rue de Seine Paris 1925
7. ^American Radio Relay League (2009). "IARU Member-Societies Ratify New Officers, Vote to Admit New Members". Retrieved February 19, 2009.
8. ^1 International Amateur Radio Union (2005). "Constitution of the International Amateur Radio Union" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080220103254/http://www.iaru.org/iarucnst.html |date=2008-02-20 }}. Jan. 11, 2005.
9. ^International Amateur Radio Union (2005). "The IARU International Secretariat". January 11, 2005.
10. ^International Amateur Radio Union Region 1 (2008). "About IARU and IARU Region 1" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916075425/http://www.iaru-r1.org/About%20IARU.htm |date=2008-09-16 }}. Retrieved August 5, 2008.
11. ^International Amateur Radio Union (2008). "IARU-R2 History". Retrieved Aug. 5, 2008.
12. ^International Amateur Radio Union Region 3 (2008). "Directory" {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20130415034430/http://www.iaru-r3.org/r3directory.htm |date=2013-04-15 }}. Retrieved Aug. 5, 2008.
13. ^http://www.iaru.org/garecnet/
14. ^The Tampere Convention on the Provision of Telecommunication Resources for Disaster Mitigation and Relief Operations. {{cite web |url=http://www.iaru.org/emergency/tc-hams.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2008-05-13 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511153527/http://www.iaru.org/emergency/tc-hams.html |archivedate=2008-05-11 |df= }}. Accessed 13 August 2007.
15. ^International Amateur Radio Union (2007). "IARU Contests". Jul. 23, 2007. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103060217/http://www.iaru.org/contest.html |date=January 3, 2008 }}
16. ^International Amateur Radio Union (1996). NU1AW: IARU's Club Station {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206201739/http://iaru.org/nu1aw.html |date=2009-02-06 }} Retrieved November 30, 2008.

External links

  • IARU web site
    • Current list of IARU Member Societies
  • IARU Region 1 web site
  • IARU Region 2 web site
  • IARU Region 3 web site
{{Amateur radio topics}}{{Telecommunications}}{{Orienteering}}

2 : Amateur radio organizations|Organizations established in 1925
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