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词条 International Table Tennis Federation
释义

  1. Founding history

  2. Membership

     Continental Federations  National Federations 

  3. Organisational Structure

  4. Role in diplomacy

  5. Rules

     Player eligibility  Service and point system  Speed glue ban 

  6. Contests

  7. ITTF World Ranking

  8. See also

  9. References

  10. External links

{{Other uses|ITTF (disambiguation){{!}}ITTF}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}{{Infobox Organization
| name = International Table Tennis Federation
| image = ITTF.svg
| size = 200px
| abbreviation = ITTF
| type = Sports federation
| formation = 1926
| headquarters = Lausanne, Switzerland
| membership = 226 member associations
| leader_title = President
| leader_name = Thomas Weikert
| language =
| website = www.ittf.com
}}

The International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) is the governing body for all national table tennis associations.[1] The role of the ITTF includes overseeing rules and regulations and seeking technological improvement for the sport of table tennis. The ITTF is responsible for the organization of numerous international competitions, including the World Table Tennis Championships that has continued since 1926.

Founding history

The ITTF was founded in 1926 by William Henry Lawes of Wymondham, the nine founding members being Austria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, England, Germany, Hungary, India, Sweden and Wales.[2] The first international tournament was held in January 1926 in Berlin while the first World Table Tennis Championships was held in December 1926 in London.

Toward the end of 2000, the ITTF instituted several rules changes aimed at making table tennis more viable as a televised spectator sport. The older 38 mm balls were officially replaced by 40 mm balls.[3] This increased the ball's air resistance and effectively slowed down the game.

On 29 February 2008, the ITTF announced several rules changes after an ITTF Executive Meeting in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China with regards to a player's eligibility to play for a new association. The new ruling is to encourage associations to develop their own players.[4]

The headquarters of the ITTF is in Lausanne, Switzerland. The previous president of the ITTF was Adham Sharara from Canada; the current president since 2014 is Thomas Weikert from Germany.

Membership

Continental Federations

The ITTF recognises six continental federations.[5] Each continental federation has a president as its top official and owns its constitution.[5] The following are recognised federations:

ContinentMembersContinental Federation
Africa51African Table Tennis Federation (ATTF)
Asia45Asian Table Tennis Union (ATTU)
Europe58European Table Tennis Union (ETTU)
Latin America40Latin American Table Tennis Union (ULTM)
Northern America4Northern American Table Tennis Union (NATTU)
Oceania24Oceania Table Tennis Federation (OTTF)

National Federations

{{further|:Category:National Members of the International Table Tennis Federation}}

There are currently 226[6] member associations within the ITTF.[7]

{{National Members of the International Table Tennis Federation|state=expanded}}

Organisational Structure

All member associations of the ITTF attend annual general meeting (AGM).[5] Agendas on changes of the constitution, laws of table tennis, applications for membership etc. are discussed and finalised through votes. Also, the president of ITTF, 8 executive vice-presidents, and 32 or less continental representatives are elected at an AGM, serving for a four-year term. The president, executive vice-presidents, and the chairman of the athletes' commission compose executive committee.

The executive committee, continental representatives and presidents of the six continental federations or their appointees compose the board of directors (Board). The Board manages the work of the ITTF between AGMs. Several committees, commissions, working groups or panels work under the constitution of ITTF or under the Board.

Role in diplomacy

Unlike the organisations for more popular sports, the ITTF tends to recognise teams from generally unrecognised governing bodies for disputed territory. For example, it currently recognises the Table Tennis Federation of Kosovo even though Kosovo is excluded from most other sports. It recognised the People's Republic of China in 1953 and allowed some basic diplomacy[8][9]

which lead to an opening for U.S. President Richard Nixon, called "Ping Pong Diplomacy", in the early 1970s.

Rules

Player eligibility

For ITTF World Title events, a player is eligible to play for his association by registering with the ITTF. If the player chooses to play for a new association, he shall register with the ITTF, through the new association.[10]

  • The player shall not represent the new association before.
  • The player will be eligible to play for the new association after three, five, seven years after the date of registration, if the player is under the age of 15, 18, 21 respectively
  • If the player is 21 years of age or older, he will not be registered with the ITTF and not be eligible to represent a new association at World Title events.

Service and point system

The table tennis point system was reduced from a 21 to an 11-point scoring system in 2001.[3] A game shall be won by the player or pair first scoring 11 points unless both players or pairs score 10 points, when the game shall be won by the first player or pair subsequently gaining a lead of 2 points. This was intended to make games more fast-paced and exciting. The ITTF also changed the rules on service to prevent a player from hiding the ball during service,[11] in order to increase the average length of rallies and to reduce the server's advantage. Today, the game changes from time to time mainly to improve on the excitement for television viewers.

Speed glue ban

{{See also|Speed glue}}

In 2007, ITTF's board of directors in Zagreb decided to implement the VOC-free glue rule at Junior events, starting from 1 January 2008, as a transitional period before the full implementation of the VOC ban on 1 September 2008.[12]

As of 1 January 2009, all speed glue was to have been banned.

Contests

{{Main|Major achievements in table tennis by nation}}

Conventions: MT/WT: Men's/Women's Teams; MS/WS: Men's/Women's Singles; MD/WD: Men's/Women's Doubles; XD: Mixed Doubles

[13]
Major international events
Competition nameFirst heldHeld everyITTF ranking[14]Events
RankingBonusMTWTMSWSMDWDXD
World Championships 1926 Odd-numbered year R1 B1 • • • • •
World Team Championships 1926 Even-numbered year R1 • •
Men's World Cup 1980 One year R1 B2 •
Summer Olympic Games 1988 Four years R1 B1 • • • •
World Team Cup 1990 Odd-numbered year R1 • •
Women's World Cup 1996 One year R1 B2 •
ITTF World Tour Grand Finals 1996 One year R2 B2 • • • •
Junior events
Competition nameFirst heldHeld everyITTF ranking[15]Events
RankingBonusMTWTMSWSMDWDXD
ITTF Global Junior Circuit 1992 One year R2 B4 • • • • • •
World Junior Championships 2003 One year R1 B3 • • • • • • •
ITTF Global Cadet Challenge 2003 One year R2 B4 • • • • • •
Summer Youth Olympic Games 2010 Four years R1 B3 • • •
Para events
Competition nameFirst heldHeld everyEvents
MTWTMSWSMDWDXD
Summer Paralympic Games 1960 Four years • • • • • •
ITTF Para Table Tennis World Championships 1990 Four years • • • •
Defunct ITTF events
Competition nameFirst heldLast heldITTF ranking[16]Events
RankingBonusMTWTMSWSMDWDXD
China vs. World Challenge 2004 2012 R2 • •

ITTF World Ranking

The ITTF maintains an official World Ranking list based on players' results in tournaments throughout the year.[17][18]

The tables below show the current ITTF World Ranking for men and women:

{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}{{Current ITTF Men's World Ranking}}{{col-break}}{{Current ITTF Women's World Ranking}}{{col-end}}

See also

  • Table tennis
  • Glossary of table tennis
  • List of international sport federations
  • ITTF World Tour
  • ITTF Hall of Fame
  • ITTF Star Awards

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/|title=Official ITTF website}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/museum/archives/index.html |title=ITTF Archives |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110301103409/http://www.ittf.com/museum/archives/index.html |archivedate=1 March 2011 |df=dmy-all }}
3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf_full_story2.asp?id=13118&category=menus |title=ITTF Table Tennis Timeline |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090710213034/http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf_full_story2.asp?id=13118&category=menus |archivedate=10 July 2009 |df=dmy-all }}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/World_Events/press_release.asp?ID=14865&PT_Title=&s_Year=& |title=New Rule in Favour of the Development of Table Tennis |publisher=Ittf.com |date= |accessdate=2012-12-26 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312221243/http://www.ittf.com/World_Events/press_release.asp?ID=14865&PT_Title=&s_Year=& |archivedate=12 March 2012 |df=dmy-all }}
5. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf2.asp?category=directory_e |title=I T T F |accessdate=2016-08-12 |publisher=ITTF |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160904230922/http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf2.asp?category=directory_e |archivedate=4 September 2016 |df=dmy-all }}
6. ^http://www.teamusa.org/USA-Table-Tennis/Features/2017/May/31/Thomas-Weikert-Wins-2017-ITTF-Presidential-Election
7. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf2.asp?category=directory_e |title=ITTF Directory |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160904230922/http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf2.asp?category=directory_e |archivedate=4 September 2016 |df=dmy-all }}
8. ^{{cite news |first=Justin |last=McCurry |authorlink= |author= |author2= |title=Ping-pong diplomacy back on table as Chinese premier visits Japan |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/may/06/china |work=The Guardian |publisher= |location= |id= |pages= |page= |date=2008-05-06 |accessdate=2008-05-30 |language= |quote= }}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/museum/archives/index.html |title=ITTF Archives: 1953 Bucarest AGM Minutes |date=1953-03-23 |work= |publisher=ITTF |page=2 |accessdate=2010-07-17 |quote=Only the People's Republic of China Table Tennis Association was taken at this stage, in order to regularise their playing in the Championships and attending Congress. The Meeting confirmed the Advisory Committee's action in accepting the application. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110301103409/http://www.ittf.com/museum/archives/index.html |archivedate=1 March 2011 |df=dmy-all }}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf_full_story2.asp?ID=16537&Category= |title=Information about the Eligibility Rule |date=2008-10-13 |publisher=ITTF |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616204551/http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf_full_story2.asp?ID=16537&Category= |archivedate=16 June 2011 |df=dmy-all }}
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/museum/ColinEvolution.pdf |title=Rules Evolution |accessdate=2010-07-27 |author=Colin Clemett |format=PDF |publisher=ITTF |page=9 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100331202309/http://www.ittf.com/museum/ColinEvolution.pdf |archivedate=31 March 2010 |df=dmy-all }}
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/ittf_misc/Racket_Control_2009__.pdf |title=Official Message to Table Tennis Manufacturers And National Associations |date=2008-11-24 |format=PDF |publisher=ITTF |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090117100926/http://ittf.com/ittf_misc/Racket_Control_2009__.pdf |archivedate=17 January 2009 |df=dmy-all }}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf2.asp?category=calendar |title=ITTF Calendar |accessdate=2010-07-27 |publisher=ITTF |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616210319/http://www.ittf.com/_front_page/ittf2.asp?category=calendar |archivedate=16 June 2011 |df=dmy-all }}
14. ^{{cite web|title = Policy for Inclusion in the ITTF World Ranking|publisher = ITTF|url = http://www.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/pdfs/2010b_WR_events.pdf|format = PDF|accessdate = 2010-06-21|deadurl = yes|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110112030004/http://www.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/pdfs/2010b_WR_events.pdf|archivedate = 12 January 2011|df = dmy-all}}
15. ^{{cite web|title = Policy for Inclusion in the ITTF World Ranking|publisher = ITTF|url = http://www.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/pdfs/2010b_WR_events.pdf|format = PDF|accessdate = 2010-06-21|deadurl = yes|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110112030004/http://www.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/pdfs/2010b_WR_events.pdf|archivedate = 12 January 2011|df = dmy-all}}
16. ^{{cite web|title = Policy for Inclusion in the ITTF World Ranking|publisher = ITTF|url = http://www.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/pdfs/2010b_WR_events.pdf|format = PDF|accessdate = 2010-06-21|deadurl = yes|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110112030004/http://www.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/pdfs/2010b_WR_events.pdf|archivedate = 12 January 2011|df = dmy-all}}
17. ^{{cite web|title=ITTF World Ranking basic description|url=http://www.old.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/2017/2017_Basic_Principles.pdf|website=ITTF|accessdate=13 March 2017|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313214607/http://www.old.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/2017/2017_Basic_Principles.pdf|archivedate=13 March 2017|df=dmy-all}}
18. ^{{cite web|title=Policy for inclusion in the ITTF Calendar and World Ranking in 2017|url=http://www.old.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/2017/2017_WR_Events.pdf|website=ITTF|accessdate=13 March 2017|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313214120/http://www.old.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/2017/2017_WR_Events.pdf|archivedate=13 March 2017|df=dmy-all}}

External links

{{Commonscat|International Table Tennis Federation}}
  • {{Official website|http://www.ittf.com/ }}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20140407031239/http://www.ittf.com/ittf_ranking/ Official ITTF's World Ranking Table]
{{Coord|46.532134|6.595596|display=t|type:landmark}}{{Table tennis}}{{National Members of the International Table Tennis Federation}}{{International Sports Federations}}{{Authority control}}

5 : International Table Tennis Federation|Organisations based in Lausanne|Table tennis organizations|Sports world rankings|Organizations established in 1926
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