| 词条 | Eulophia pulchra |
| 释义 |
|name = Gonzo orchid |image = Eulophia pulchra Orchi 134.jpg |image_caption = Eulophia pulchra in the Hanover Botanic Garden |genus = Eulophia |species = pulchra |authority = (Thouars) Lindl.[1] |synonyms_ref =[1] |synonyms =
}} Eulophila pulchra, commonly known as the gonzo orchid,[2] is a plant in the orchid family and is native to areas from Tanzania and Mozambique to the Western Pacific Ocean. It is a terrestrial orchid with crowded, above-ground pseudobulbs, two or three leaves and pale yellowish green flowers with dull purple or red markings. It grows in plant litter in rainforests. DescriptionEulophia pulchra is a terrestrial herb with fleshy, crowded, above-ground pseudobulbs {{convert|80-150|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|15-20|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. There are two or three dark green leaves {{convert|150-300|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|60-100|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide with three main veins. Between six and twenty pale greenish yellow flowers with dull purple or reddish markings, {{convert|10-12|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long are borne on a flowering stem {{convert|300-800|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long. The sepals are {{convert|10-12|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, about {{convert|3|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and the petals are {{convert|9-11|mm|in|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} long, about {{convert|4|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide. The labellum is white, more or less circular, {{convert|10-16|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|11-16|mm|in|sigfig=1|abbr=on}} wide and is sometimes lobed. Flowering occurs between April and June in Australia, between October and December in China and December to February in Africa. The species in Australia is reported to be self-pollinating and the flowers to barely open.[2][3][4][5]Taxonomy and namingThe gonzo orchid was first formally described in 1822 by Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars who gave it the name Limodorum pulchrum. The description was published in Histoire particuliere des plantes Orchidees recueillies sur les trois iles Australes D'Afrique.[6][7] In 1840, John Lindley changed the name to Eulophia pulchra.[8] The specific epithet (pulchra) is a Latin word meaning “beautiful", "pretty", "fine" or "lovely".[9] A study of the molecular phylogeny of the subtribe Eulophiinae published in 2014 considered that this species was more closely allied with the genus Oeceoclades, but the move has not been accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families and the name Oeceoclades pulchra is regarded as a synonym.[10][11] Distribution and habitatEulophia pulchra grows in leaf litter in rainforests. It occurs in Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, India, Taiwan, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, New Guinea, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam, the Mascarene Islands, tropical north Queensland and some islands in the western Pacific Ocean.[2][3][4][5]References1. ^1 {{WCSP | 77879 | Eulophia pulchra }} {{Taxonbar|from= Q5409489}}2. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|page =359}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |title=Eulophia pulchra |url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242443112|publisher=Flora of China |accessdate=26 October 2018}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |title=Eulophia pulchra |url=http://www.africanorchids.dk/263-eulophia/2259-eulophia-pulchra |publisher=African Orchids |accessdate=26 October 2018}} 5. ^1 {{cite web |title=Eulophia pulchra |url=https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=119510 |publisher=Flora of Zimbabwe |accessdate=26 October 2018}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Limodorum pulchrum|url=https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/791483|publisher=APNI|accessdate=26 October 2018}} 7. ^{{cite book |last1=Petit-Thouars |first1=Louis-Marie |title=Histoire particuliere des plantes Orchidees recueillies sur les trois iles Australes D'Afrique |date=1822 |location=Paris |page=43 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/9881#page/87/mode/1up |accessdate=26 October 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Eulophia pulchra|url=https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/528166|publisher=APNI|accessdate=26 October 2018}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.|page=132}} 10. ^Martos, F., S. D. Johnson, C. I. Peter, and B. Bytebier. 2014. A molecular phylogeny reveals paraphyly of the large genus Eulophia (Orchidaceae): A case for the reinstatement of Orthochilus. Taxon 63: 9-23. 11. ^{{WCSP | 138029 | Oeceoclades pulchra}} 16 : Eulophia|Plants described in 1822|Orchids of Tanzania|Orchids of Madagascar|Orchids of India|Orchids of Taiwan|Orchids of Cambodia|Orchids of Indonesia|Orchids of India|Orchids of Laos|Orchids of Malaysia|Orchids of the Philippines|Orchids of Sri Lanka|Orchids of Thailand|Orchids of Vietnam|Orchids of Queensland |
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