| 词条 | Exafroplacentalia |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range = Paleocene - Holocene, {{fossilrange|65|0}} | image = Talpa_europaea_MHNT.jpg | image_caption = European mole (Boreoeutheria) | image2 = Myresluger2.jpg | image2_caption = Giant anteater (Xenarthra) | taxon = Exafroplacentalia | authority = Waddell et al, 2001 | subdivision_ranks = Orders and Clades | subdivision =
Magnorder Boreoeutheria:
}}Exafroplacentalia or Notolegia is a clade of placental mammals proposed in 2001 on the basis of molecular research.[1][2] Exafroplacentalia places Xenarthra as a sister group to the Boreoeutheria (comprising Laurasiatheria and Euarchontoglires),[3] thus making Afrotheria a primitive group of placental mammals (the group name roughly means "those which are not African placentals"). Classification|label1=Eutheria |1={{clade |1=Afrotheria |label2= Exafroplacentalia |2={{clade |1=Xenarthra |label2= Boreoeutheria |2={{clade |label1= |1=Laurasiatheria |label2= |2=Euarchontoglires }} }} }} }} Alternative hypothesesOne alternative hypothesis is the Epitheria hypothesis: |label1=Placentalia |1={{clade |1=Xenarthra |label2=Epitheria |2={{clade |1=Afrotheria |label2=Boreoeutheria |2={{clade |1=Euarchontoglires |2=Laurasiatheria }} }} }} }} Another alternative hypothesis is the Atlantogenata hypothesis: |label1=Eutheria |1={{clade |label1=Atlantogenata |1={{clade |1=Xenarthra |2=Afrotheria}} |label2=Boreoeutheria |2={{clade |1=Euarchontoglires |2=Laurasiatheria }} }} }} Updated analysis of transposable element insertions around the time of divergence strongly supports the fourth hypothesis of a near-concomitant origin of the three superorders of mammals:[4] |label1=Eutheria |1={{clade |1=Xenarthra |2=Afrotheria |label3=Boreoeutheria |3={{clade |1=Euarchontoglires |2=Laurasiatheria }} }} }} See also
References1. ^Murphy, W.J., Pringle, T.H., Crider, T.A., Springer, M.S. & Miller, W. 2007. Using genomic data to unravel the root of the placental mammal phylogeny. Genome Research 17, pp.413-421. 2. ^Kriegs, J.O., Churakov, G., Kiefmann, M., Jordan, U., Brosius, J. & Schmitz, J. 2006. Retroposed elements as archives for the evolutionary history of placental mammals. Plos Biol 4, pp.e91. 3. ^{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00255.x| title = Phylogenetic analysis of 73 060 taxa corroborates major eukaryotic groups| year = 2009| last1 = Goloboff | first1 = Pablo A.| last2 = Catalano | first2 = Santiago A.| last3 = Mirande | first3 = J. Marcos| last4 = Szumik | first4 = Claudia A.| last5 = Arias | first5 = J. Salvador| last6 = Källersjö | first6 = Mari| last7 = Farris | first7 = James S.| journal = Cladistics| volume = 25| issue = 3| pages = 211–230 }} 4. ^Nishihara, H., Maruyama, S. & Okada, N. 2009. Retroposon analysis and recent geological data suggest near-simultaneous divergence of the three superorders of placental mammals. PNAS 106: 5235-40. Further reading{{refbegin}}
| last1 = Waddell | first1 = Peter J. | last2 = Kishino | first2 = Hirohisa | last3 = Ota | first3 = Rissa | title = A phylogenetic foundation for comparative mammalian genomics | journal = Genome Informatics | volume = 12 | pages = 141–154 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11791233 | url = http://www.jsbi.org/pdfs/journal1/GIW01/GIW01F15.html }}
1 : Mammal taxonomy |
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