| 词条 | Alexander Ramsey |
| 释义 |
|name = Alexander Ramsey |image = Alexander Ramsey - Brady-Handy.jpg |office = 34th United States Secretary of War |president = Rutherford B. Hayes |term_start = December 10, 1879 |term_end = March 5, 1881 |predecessor = George W. McCrary |successor = Robert Lincoln |jr/sr1 = United States Senator |state1 = Minnesota |term_start1 = March 4, 1863 |term_end1 = March 3, 1875 |predecessor1 = Henry Rice |successor1 = Samuel J. R. McMillan |order2 = 2nd |office2 = Governor of Minnesota |lieutenant2 = Ignatius L. Donnelly |term_start2 = January 2, 1860 |term_end2 = July 10, 1863 |predecessor2 = Henry Sibley |successor2 = Henry Swift |office3 = 5th Mayor of Saint Paul, Minnesota |term_start3 = 1855 |term_end3 = 1856 |predecessor3 = David Olmsted |successor3 = George Becker |office4 = 1st Governor of Minnesota Territory |appointer4 = Zachary Taylor |term_start4 = June 1, 1849 |term_end4 = May 15, 1853 |predecessor4 = Position established |successor4 = Willis A. Gorman |state5 = Pennsylvania |district5 = {{ushr|PA|14|14th}} |term_start5 = March 4, 1843 |term_end5 = March 3, 1847 |predecessor5 = James Irvin |successor5 = George Eckert |birth_date = {{birth date|1815|9|8}} |birth_place = Hummelstown, Pennsylvania, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|1903|4|22|1815|9|8}} |death_place = St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S. |party = Whig {{small|(Before 1857)}} Republican {{small|(1857—1903)}} |spouse = Anna Jenks |education = Lafayette College }} Alexander Ramsey (September 8, 1815{{spaced ndash}} April 22, 1903) was an American politician. He served as a Whig and Republican over a variety of offices between the 1840s and the 1880s. He was the first Minnesota and Wisconsin Territorial Governor. Early years and familyBorn in Hummelstown, Pennsylvania on September 8, 1815,[1] Alexander was the eldest of five children of Thomas Ramsey and Elizabeth Kelker (also Kölliker or Köllker).[2] His father was a blacksmith who committed suicide[1] at age 42[2] when he went bankrupt in 1826,[3] after signing for a note of a friend.[2] Alexander lived with his uncle in Harrisburg, after his family split up to live with relatives.[4] His brother was Justus Cornelius Ramsey, who served in the Minnesota Territorial Legislature.[5] Ramsey first studied carpentry at Lafayette College but left during his third year. He read law with Hamilton Alricks, and attended Reed's law School in Carlisle (now Pennsylvania State University - Dickinson Law) in 1839. He was admitted to the Pennsylvania bar in 1839.[4] In 1844 Ramsey married Anna Earl Jenks, daughter of Michael Hutchinson Jenks, and they had three children. Only one daughter, Marion, survived past childhood.[4] BiographyAlexander Ramsey was elected from Pennsylvania as a Whig to the U.S. House of Representatives and served in the 28th and 29th congresses from March 4, 1843 to March 3, 1847. He served as the first Territorial Governor of Minnesota from June 1, 1849 to May 15, 1853 as a member of the Whig Party. Ramsey was of Scottish and German ancestry.[6] In 1855, he became the mayor of St. Paul, Minnesota. Ramsey was elected the second Governor of Minnesota after statehood and served from January 2, 1860 to July 10, 1863. Ramsey is credited with being the first Union governor to commit troops during the American Civil War. He happened to be in Washington, D.C. when fighting broke out. When he heard about the firing on Ft. Sumter he went straight to the White House and offered Minnesota's services to Abraham Lincoln. He resigned the governorship to become a U.S. Senator, having been elected to that post in 1863 as a Republican. He was re-elected in 1869 and held the office until March 3, 1875, serving in the 38th, 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, and 43rd congresses. Ramsey is also noted for his statements calling for the killing or removal of specific Native Americans, chiefly the Sioux (Dakota) people that lived in the state of Minnesota. These statements came in response to attacks by the Sioux on American settlements, resulting in the death of not less than 800 men, women and children, as mentioned in Abraham Lincoln's Second Annual Message on December 1, 1862.[7] Ramsey declared on September 9, 1862: "The Sioux Indians of Minnesota must be exterminated or driven forever beyond the borders of the state."[8] He went as far as offering money for scalps of Dakotas.[9] Ramsey served as Secretary of War from 1879 to 1881, under President Rutherford B. Hayes. LegacyThe Minnesota Historical Society preserves his home, the Alexander Ramsey House as a museum. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1969. Alexander Ramsey Park, located in Redwood Falls, Minnesota, is the largest municipal park in Minnesota. Ramsey County, Minnesota,[10] Ramsey County, North Dakota, the city of Ramsey, Minnesota, the city of Ramsey, Illinois,[11] Ramsey Park in Stillwater, Minnesota, Ramsey Junior High School in Saint Paul, Minnesota, and Alexander Ramsey Elementary School in Montevideo, Minnesota, are also named for him. Justice Page Middle School in Minneapolis, Minnesota (formerly Ramsey International Fine Arts Center and formerly Alexander Ramsey Junior High School) was named after him when it was first founded in 1932.[12] In the 2016-17 school year, a student-initiated effort to rename Ramsey Middle School resulted in renaming the school after Alan Page, the first African-American Minnesota Supreme Court justice.[13] References{{CongBio|R000026}} Retrieved on 2009-03-221. ^{{cite news|publisher=MinnPost|title=Out of the shadows: Mental Health Resources meets $1 million fundraising goal|url=https://www.minnpost.com/mental-health-addiction/2016/02/out-shadows-mental-health-resources-meets-1-million-fundraising-goal|author=Steiner, Andy|date=February 12, 2016|accessdate=February 15, 2016}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://person.ancestry.com/tree/3373411/person/24071044578/story|title=Thomas Ramsey: 1784–1826|publisher= Ancestry.com|accessdate=February 15, 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/m0203.pdf|format=PDF|author=Helen McCann White|year= 1974|title=Guide to a Microfilm Edition of: The Alexander Ramsey Papers and Records|publisher=Minnesota Historical Society|accessdate=February 13, 2016}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|author=Butler, William E.|url=http://www.anb.org/articles/07/07-00858.html|title=Alexander Ramsey |publisher=American National Biography Online|year=February 2000|accessdate=February 13, 2016}} 5. ^Minnesota Legislators Past and Present-Justus Cornelius Ramsey 6. ^Minnesota Historical Society collections, Volume 13 By Minnesota Historical Society, page 5 7. ^http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=29503 8. ^http://www.unitednativeamerica.com/hanging.html 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Wingard|first1=Mary Lethert|last2=Delegard|first2=annotated by Kirsten|title=North country : the making of Minnesota|date=2010|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|location=Minneapolis|isbn=0-8166-4868-9|page=cccxlviii|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=wQX9TJ_QXg0C&pg=PR346}} 10. ^{{cite book|last=Upham|first=Warren|title=Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ShcLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA436|year=1920|publisher=Minnesota Historical Society|page=436}} 11. ^Allan H. Keith, [https://books.google.com/books?id=1gJ_RVeb5JYC&pg=PA2&dq=richard+bock+sculptor&ie=ISO-8859-1&sig=ngQRYGbj78gEH8yXNlEZrDnRlMU#PPA1,M1 Historical Stories: About Greenville and Bond County, IL]. Consulted on August 15, 2007. 12. ^http://page.mpls.k12.mn.us/history 13. ^http://page.mpls.k12.mn.us/rename_ramsey_4
External links{{Portal|Biography}}{{commons category|Alexander Ramsey}}
from Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district|years=1843–1847}}{{s-aft|after=George Eckert}} |-{{s-off}}{{s-new|office}}{{s-ttl|title=Governor of Minnesota|years=1849–1853}}{{s-aft|after=Willis A. Gorman}} |-{{s-bef|before=David Olmsted}}{{s-ttl|title=Mayor of Saint Paul|years=1855–1856}}{{s-aft|after=George Becker}} |-{{s-bef|before=Henry Sibley}}{{s-ttl|title=Governor of Minnesota|years=1860–1863}}{{s-aft|after=Henry Swift}} |-{{s-bef|before=George W. McCrary}}{{s-ttl|title=United States Secretary of War|years=1879–1881}}{{s-aft|after=Robert Lincoln}} |-{{s-par|us-sen}}{{s-bef|before=Henry Rice}}{{s-ttl|title=U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Minnesota|years=1863–1875|alongside=Morton S. Wilkinson, Daniel Norton, Ozora P. Stearns, William Windom}}{{s-aft|after=Samuel J. R. McMillan}}{{s-end}}{{USSecWar}}{{Governors of Minnesota}}{{USSenMN}}{{SenPOCSCommitteeChairmen}}{{St.PaulMayors}}{{Hayes cabinet}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramsey, Alexander}} 20 : 1815 births|1903 deaths|People from Hummelstown, Pennsylvania|American Methodists|Governors of Minnesota|Governors of Minnesota Territory|Mayors of Saint Paul, Minnesota|United States Secretaries of War|United States Senators from Minnesota|Minnesota Republicans|Members of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania Whigs|People of Minnesota in the American Civil War|Minnesota Whigs|Republican Party United States Senators|Hayes administration cabinet members|Union state governors|Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives|Republican Party state governors of the United States|19th-century American politicians |
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