| 词条 | Jack Durrance |
| 释义 |
|name = Jack Durrance |image = |alt = |caption = |birth_name = John Randall Durrance |birth_date = {{Birth date|1912|07|20}} |birth_place = Ocala, Florida |death_date = {{Death date and age|2003|11|07|1912|07|20}}[1] |death_place = Denver, Colorado |known_for = |occupation = Physician, rock climber |nationality = |other_names = }} John Randall Durrance (July 20, 1912 – November 7, 2003) was a pioneering American rock climber and mountaineer. He learned to climb while attending high school in Germany, and later founded the Dartmouth Mountaineering Club in 1936 while attending Dartmouth College. Some of his classic first ascents include the North Face of the Grand Teton and the "Durrance Route" on Devils Tower.[2] His successful completion of the Grand's Exum Ridge and West Face, along with his contributions to the development of bouldering, stand among his other climbing achievements. On the 1939 American Karakoram expedition to K2 he attempted to climb K2, the second tallest mountain in the world. He became embroiled in controversy after four members of the expedition died and the expedition leader, Fritz Wiessner, blamed Durrance. A book seeking to shed light on the event, K2: The 1939 Tragedy[3], was published in 1993. The authors, William Putnam, a former president of the Alpine Club, and Andy Kauffman, a former director, relied on a Durrance diary that surfaced for the first time fifty years after the event to place responsibility for the deaths on Wiessner. Ed Viesturs, in his book "K2: Life and Death on the World's Most Dangerous Mountain", revisits all the available documentation and suggest instead that the unplanned decision to decommission all lower camps played a major role in the tragedy. During the 1939 climb, Durrance saved the life of Chap Cranmer who was suffering from pulmonary edema. Mr. Cranmer's family thanked Durrance by getting him an internship with Dr. James J. Waring, an international expert on tuberculosis. Durrance took the internship and later became a pulmonary physician at a Denver hospital. In addition to climbing and medicine another passion of his was hybridizing irises. Durrance died on November 7, 2003, aged 91, survived by his widow, Stella Coulter Durrance and their five children. References{{refbegin}}
1. ^U.S. Social Security Death Index, 1935-2014; Social Security Administration. {{DEFAULTSORT:Durrance, Jack}}2. ^{{Fifty Classic Climbs|pages=140-146}} 3. ^{{cite book |last=Kauffman |first=Andrew |last2=Putnam | first2=William |date=September 30, 1993 |title=K2: the 1939 Tragedy |publisher=Mountaineers Books |isbn=978-0898863734}} 6 : 1912 births|2003 deaths|American rock climbers|American pulmonologists|Dartmouth College alumni|People from Ocala, Florida |
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