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词条 Jackson, Wyoming
释义

  1. Overview

  2. Points of interest

  3. History

  4. Geography

     Climate 

  5. Demographics

     2010 census 

  6. Government

  7. Education

  8. Transportation

  9. In popular culture

  10. Notable people

  11. See also

  12. References

  13. External links

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Jackson, Wyoming
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline = jackson_from_snowking.jpg
| image_caption = View from Snow King resort in June 2007
| image_flag =
| image_seal =
| nickname =
| motto =
| image_map = File:Teton County Wyoming Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Jackson Highlighted 5640120.svg
| mapsize = 250px
| map_caption = Location of Jackson in Teton County, Wyoming
| pushpin_map = Wyoming
| coordinates = {{coord|43|28|31|N|110|46|9|W|region:US-WY_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|United States}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Wyoming}}
| subdivision_type2 = County
| subdivision_name2 = {{flagicon image|}} Teton
| established_title =
| established_date =
| government_type = Council-Mayor
| government_footnotes =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Pete Muldoon
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = [1]
| area_total_km2 = 7.74
| area_total_sq_mi = 2.99
| area_land_km2 = 7.66
| area_land_sq_mi = 2.96
| area_water_km2 = 0.08
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.03
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_ft = 6237
| population_footnotes = [2]
| population_total = 9577
| population_as_of = 2010
| population_est = 10532
| pop_est_as_of = 2017
| population_density_km2 = 1374.68
| population_density_sq_mi = 3560.51
| population_metro = 31464
| timezone = Mountain (MST)
| utc_offset = −7
| timezone_DST = MDT
| utc_offset_DST = −6
| postal_code_type = ZIP codes
| postal_code = 83001, 83002, 83025
| area_code = 307
| blank_name = FIPS code
| blank_info = 56-40120[2]
| blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
| blank1_info = 1604404[3]
| website = townofjackson.com
| footnotes =
|pop_est_footnotes = [5]
}}Jackson is a small city in the Jackson Hole valley of Teton County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 9,577 at the 2010 census, up from 8,647 in 2000. It is the county seat of Teton County and is its largest town.[4]

Jackson is the principal town of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Teton County in Wyoming and Teton County in Idaho.

The town derives its name from "Jackson Hole", the valley in which it is located.[5]

The town gained significant fame when a livestream of the town square went viral on YouTube in 2016, leading to much fascination with the town's elk antler arch, its law enforcement, and its prevalence of red trucks.[6][7]

Overview

As of the 2010 Census,[2] the main industries which provide employment are: arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services (32.2%), construction (8.7%), retail trade (12.4%), educational services, health care and social assistance (11.9%), and professional, scientific, and management, and administrative and waste management services (11.8%).

A strong local economy, primarily due to tourism, has allowed Jackson to develop a large shopping and eating district, centered on the town square.

Points of interest

  • Grand Teton National Park: A national park that includes the Teton Mountain Range, roughly 310,000 acres. The park brings in more than two million recreational tourists each year.[8] The Grand Teton National Park is roughly 5 miles away from Jackson.[9]
  • Yellowstone National Park: Yellowstone extends through Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana. This park was the first national park in the country, and brings in roughly four million visitors each year.[10] This park is less than 60 miles away from Jackson.[11]
  • National Elk Refuge: The refuge was created to shelter one of the largest elk herds in the country and borders the town of Jackson. Throughout the winter visitors can go on horse-drawn sleigh rides to view the herd.
  • Jackson Hole Mountain Resort: The resort opened in 1966, 12 miles north of Jackson. It has abundant steep terrain and has one of the highest vertical drops in North America, at 4,139 feet (1,262 m).
  • Snow King Mountain Resort: The first ski resort in Jackson and is significantly cheaper than Jackson Hole Mountain Resort. Even though Snow King is cheaper it is still quite a challenging hill. This resort is located on the Southeast edge of town.
  • Grand Targhee Resort: About an hour away, 42 miles, on the west side of the Teton Range in Alta, opened in 1969, it is accessed through Idaho over Teton Pass.
  • National Museum of Wildlife Art: Overlooking the National Elk Refuge is the National Museum of Wildlife Art which shows and preserves many wildlife artworks. Along with pieces inside of the museum, there is a ¾ mile trail with many sculptures along it.
  • Grand Teton Music Festival: This is a seven-week classical music festival held every summer in the town of Jackson.[12]
  • Center for the Arts: The center was founded in 1991 to help support an artist culture within the town. Construction of the facility was completed in 2007, and today Center for the Arts, a 501(c)3 not-for-profit organization and 78,000 square foot campus, serves all of Jackson Hole and the surrounding region by pursuing its dedicated mission within the walls of our creative campus.[13]
  • Elkfest: The annual Jackson Hole Elk Antler Auction occurs each spring. At this event, members of the Boy Scouts of America help sell all the antlers collected on the nearby National Elk Refuge. Profits go to help the local Boy Scouts and the refuge.[14]

History

Jackson Hole was originally populated by Native American tribes including the Shoshoni, Crow, Blackfeet, Bannock, and Gros Ventre. In the early 1800s, the locality became a prime area for trappers and mountain men to travel through, one example being John Colter. After being discharged from the Corps of Discovery of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1806 at Fort Mandan, in present-day North Dakota, Colter visited Jackson Hole during the winter of 1807/1808. Among other mountain men who visited the valley include Jim Bridger, Jedediah Smith, and William Sublette, who are responsible for many of the names in the area. David Edward Jackson gave his name to the valley after a winter spent on the shores of Jackson Lake.

As part of the Hayden Expedition of 1871 and 1872, William Henry Jackson took the first photographs of the Teton Mountains and Yellowstone. His photographs, along with the sketches by Tom Moran, were important evidence to convince Congress to protect Yellowstone National Park. Yellowstone National Park became the first National Park in 1872. Grand Teton National Park was created in 1929 and greatly expanded in 1950 through the generous efforts of John D. Rockefeller, Jr., who purchased and then donated over 30,000 acres.

The Town of Jackson was named in 1894. Some of the early buildings remain and can be found throughout the area of the Town Square. The Town of Jackson elected the first all-woman city government (including town council and mayor, who in turn appointed women to town marshal, town clerk and treasurer) in 1920.

The first ski rope tow was built at Teton Pass in 1937 and Snow King Resort was established in 1930. Teton County now has three excellent ski areas including Jackson Hole Mountain Resort in Teton Village, Grand Targhee Ski and Summer Resort located on the West slope of the Tetons, and Snow King Resort.

The Town of Jackson is the county seat of Teton County and the only incorporated municipality in the region. Less than 3% of land in Teton County is privately owned. 97% of the 2,697,000 acres in Teton County are federally or state owned/managed.

In 2009, the Town of Jackson was designated as a Preserve America Community. This designation recognizes that, as a community, the town protects and celebrates its heritage, uses historic assets for economic development and encourages people to experience and appreciate local historic resources.

In September 2016, the town went viral from the ongoing live stream on the YouTube video consisting of various views of the town, especially the one facing the town square.

Geography

Jackson is located at {{Coord|43|28|31|N|110|46|9|W|type:city}} (43.475, −110.769),[15] at an elevation of {{convert|6237|ft}} above sea level. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of {{convert|2.95|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|2.91|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.04|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.[16]

Jackson is surrounded by the Teton and Gros Ventre mountain ranges. The Teton Range is commonly associated with Jackson Hole and is a popular sightseeing attraction for many visitors. The Gros Ventre Range contrastingly is geologically older than the Tetons and has a much broader width, which encompasses huge expanses of wilderness and is not as easily accessible.

Soils at Jackson Hole are mostly dark, excessively drained, moderately alkaline gravelly loam of the Greyback series.[17]

Flat Creek, a tributary of the Snake River, runs through town.

Climate

Jackson experiences a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb). Due to its location in a very narrow river valley, Jackson and the rest of the Snake headwaters[18] experience a unique microclimate that gets considerably more precipitation – much of it snow – than the majority of Wyoming and has higher humidity much of the year.[19] Its elevation is also responsible for extreme differences between day and night temperatures, which makes the climate very close to being classified as subarctic (Köppen Dfc). Extreme temperatures range from {{convert|-50|°F|1|disp=or}} on January 1, 1979, to {{convert|98|°F|1|disp=or}} on August 19, 1981, and on average 249.7 mornings fall below freezing and 41.2 of these below {{convert|0|°F|1|disp=or}}; the average window for zero temperatures is from November 19 to March 12 and freezing can occur in any month.

Snowfall averages {{convert|71.4|in|m|2|disp=or}} with a median of {{convert|62.7|in|m|2|disp=or}}. The highest monthly total has been {{convert|56.0|in|m|2}} in January 1969, and the most in one season being {{convert|153.3|in|m|2}} between July 1966 and June 1967.[20]

{{Weather box
| location = Jackson, Wyoming
| single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 55
| Feb record high F = 58
| Mar record high F = 70
| Apr record high F = 79
| May record high F = 90
| Jun record high F = 95
| Jul record high F = 97
| Aug record high F = 98
| Sep record high F = 93
| Oct record high F = 87
| Nov record high F = 66
| Dec record high F = 55
| year record high F = 98
| Jan high F = 28.2
| Feb high F = 33.6
| Mar high F = 42.7
| Apr high F = 52.9
| May high F = 63.0
| Jun high F = 73.7
| Jul high F = 81.9
| Aug high F = 81.0
| Sep high F = 71.3
| Oct high F = 58.6
| Nov high F = 40.0
| Dec high F = 28.2
| year high F = 54.6
| Jan low F = 5.0
| Feb low F = 8.1
| Mar low F = 17.5
| Apr low F = 24.4
| May low F = 30.8
| Jun low F = 37.0
| Jul low F = 40.9
| Aug low F = 39.2
| Sep low F = 31.4
| Oct low F = 23.4
| Nov low F = 15.8
| Dec low F = 5.9
| year low F = 23.3
| Jan record low F = −50
| Feb record low F = −44
| Mar record low F = −32
| Apr record low F = −5
| May record low F = 5
| Jun record low F = 19
| Jul record low F = 24
| Aug record low F = 18
| Sep record low F = 8
| Oct record low F = 2
| Nov record low F = −27
| Dec record low F = −49
| year record low F = −50
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 1.39
| Feb precipitation inch = 1.07
| Mar precipitation inch = 1.16
| Apr precipitation inch = 1.18
| May precipitation inch = 2.21
| Jun precipitation inch = 1.61
| Jul precipitation inch = 1.28
| Aug precipitation inch = 1.32
| Sep precipitation inch = 1.32
| Oct precipitation inch = 1.22
| Nov precipitation inch = 1.56
| Dec precipitation inch = 1.46
| Jan snow inch = 15.9
| Feb snow inch = 11.8
| Mar snow inch = 7.7
| Apr snow inch = 2.8
| May snow inch = .9
| Jun snow inch = .2
| Jul snow inch = 0
| Aug snow inch = 0
| Sep snow inch = .1
| Oct snow inch = 1.1
| Nov snow inch = 12.3
| Dec snow inch = 18.6
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 11.3
| Feb precipitation days = 8.0
| Mar precipitation days = 8.8
| Apr precipitation days = 7.6
| May precipitation days = 10.9
| Jun precipitation days = 8.9
| Jul precipitation days = 7.5
| Aug precipitation days = 8.7
| Sep precipitation days = 8.0
| Oct precipitation days = 7.8
| Nov precipitation days = 10.2
| Dec precipitation days = 10.8
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 9.6
| Feb snow days = 5.9
| Mar snow days = 5.0
| Apr snow days = 1.8
| May snow days = .3
| Jun snow days = .2
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0
| Oct snow days = .7
| Nov snow days = 5.9
| Dec snow days = 9.5
| source 1 = NOAA (normals, 1971−2000)[21]
| source 2 = The Weather Channel (Records)[22]
| date = April 2011}}

Demographics

{{US Census population
|1900= 59
|1910= 264
|1920= 307
|1930= 533
|1940= 1046
|1950= 1244
|1960= 1437
|1970= 2688
|1980= 4511
|1990= 4472
|2000= 8647
|2010= 9577
|estyear=2017
|estimate=10532
|estref=[23]
|footnote=source:[24][25]
}}

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the town was $59,605, and the median income for a family was $69,432. Male full-time, year-round workers had a median income of $35,892 versus $29,175 for females. The per capita income for the town was $27,066. About 4.2% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.7% of those under age 18.

2010 census

As of the census[26] of 2010, there were 9,577 people, 3,964 households, and 1,858 families residing in the town. The population density was {{convert|3291.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 4,736 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1627.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 79.8% White, 0.4% African American, 0.8% Native American, 1.4% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 15.2% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 27.2% of the population.

There were 3,964 households of which 24.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.2% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 53.1% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the town was 31.9 years. 18% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 43.8% were from 25 to 44; 20.5% were from 45 to 64; and 6.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 54.1% male and 45.9% female.

Government

Jackson is administered by a mayor and town council. The current mayor is Pete Muldoon.[27]

The following are currently members of the Town Council: Jim Stanford (vice mayor), Arne Jorgensen, Jonathan Schecter, Hailey Morton Levinson.[27]

Education

Public education in the town of Jackson is provided by Teton County School District #1. Schools serving the town include Jackson Elementary School (grades K-5), Colter Elementary School (grades K-5), Jackson Hole Middle School (grades 6-8), Jackson Hole High School, Summit High School, the Jackson Hole Classical Academy (grades K-10), Jackson Hole Community School and the Journeys School.

A new elementary school, Munger Mountain Elementary, is currently under construction. The date of completion is scheduled for July 2018 and will open for the 2018-2019 school year.[28] This school will help accommodate the rising population.

Transportation

The town is served by Jackson Hole Airport. A public bus system ("The START Bus", or Southern Teton Area Rapid Transit) services the town of Jackson, the route to Teton Village, and adjacent communities in Star Valley, Wyoming and Teton Valley, Idaho. There are also airport buses to Salt Lake City, and places in between.

In popular culture

Movies shot in Jackson include The Big Trail (1930) starring John Wayne, The Big Sky (1952), Shane (1953), Any Which Way You Can (1980), Rocky IV (1985) and Ghosts Can't Do It (1990).[29]

Notable people

  • Clifford Hansen
  • Mary Mead
  • Matt Mead
  • Lyle Waggoner
  • Christy Walton[30]
  • John Franklyn Mars[31]
  • Dick Cheney[32]
  • Aaron Linsdau

See also

  • Angling in Yellowstone National Park
  • Blacktail Butte
  • Flat Creek Ranch
  • Jackson-Wilson High School
  • Wyoming Outdoor Council

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=2017 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2017_Gazetteer/2017_gaz_place_56.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Mar 27, 2019}}
2. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df= }}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=2007-10-25}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |accessdate=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archivedate=May 31, 2011 }}
5. ^{{cite book|title=The Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, Volumes 9-10|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L7M3AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA190|year=1918|page=190}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/red-truck-red-truck-towns-mundane-webcam-grips-200905549.html|date=September 2016 |title=Red truck, red truck! Town's mundane webcam grips YouTube}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://time.com/4484632/jackson-hole-livestream-sheriff-dab|date=September 2016 |title=Watch a Very Hip Sheriff Casually Hit the Dab on the Viral Jackson Hole Livestream}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/grte/learn/news/news-release-15-02.htm|title=Grand Teton National Park Experiences Record Visitation in 2014 - Grand Teton National Park (U.S. National Park Service)|website=www.nps.gov|access-date=2016-04-24}}
9. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Jackson,+WY/Grand+Teton+National+Park,+Wyoming/@43.5734386,-110.8779719,11z/data=!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x53531a58fccf7f4b:0x3d1c01cbb13a835c!2m2!1d-110.7624282!2d43.4799291!1m5!1m1!1s0x5352519ec95d1ba9:0xa5a0b88ecc91a337!2m2!1d-110.6817627!2d43.7904282!3e0|title=Google Maps|website=Google Maps|access-date=2016-04-24}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/yell/planyourvisit/visitationstats.htm|title=Visitation Statistics - Yellowstone National Park (U.S. National Park Service)|website=www.nps.gov|access-date=2016-04-24}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Jackson,+WY/Yellowstone+National+Park,+Teton+County,+WY/@44.0751907,-112.1502872,8z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x53531a58fccf7f4b:0x3d1c01cbb13a835c!2m2!1d-110.7624282!2d43.4799291!1m5!1m1!1s0x5351e55555555555:0xaca8f930348fe1bb!2m2!1d-110.588455!2d44.427963!3e0|title=Google Maps|website=Google Maps|access-date=2016-04-24}}
12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://gtmf.org/about/|title=About|website=Grand Teton Music Festival|access-date=2016-04-24}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.jhcenterforthearts.org/about/about-the-center|title=About The Center|website=Center for the Arts|access-date=2016-04-24}}
14. ^https://elkfest.org/
15. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}
16. ^{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2012-12-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/64vfLAeJ2?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archivedate=January 24, 2012 |df= }}
17. ^http://casoilresource.lawr.ucdavis.edu/gmap/
18. ^National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Monthly Precipitation 1895 to 2015; Wyoming Climate Division 2 (Snake Drainage)
19. ^National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Monthly Precipitation 1895 to 2015; Wyoming State Area Averaged
20. ^National Weather Service; NOW Data Riverton, Wyoming
21. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/climatenormals/clim20/wy/484910.pdf| title = Climatography of the United States No. 20 1971−2000: JACKSON, WY| format = PDF| accessdate = 2011-04-12| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration}}
22. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/businesstraveler/wxclimatology/monthly/USWY0088 |title=Monthly Averages for Jackson, WY |publisher=The Weather Channel |accessdate=January 13, 2011 }}
23. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2017.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=March 24, 2018}}
24. ^{{cite web |title = Historical Decennial Census Population for Wyoming Counties, Cities, and Towns|publisher = Wyoming Department of State / U.S. Census Bureau|url = http://eadiv.state.wy.us/demog_data/cntycity_hist.htm|accessdate = 2012-04-01 }}
25. ^Moffatt, Riley. Population History of Western U.S. Cities & Towns, 1850-1990. Lanham: Scarecrow, 1996, 341.
26. ^1 {{cite web|title=American FactFinder|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=2012-12-14}}
27. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.jacksonwy.gov/256/Mayor-Town-Council|title=Mayor & Town Council {{!}} Jackson, WY|website=www.jacksonwy.gov|language=en|access-date=2018-06-03}}
28. ^http://www.tcsd.org/9/Content2/94
29. ^Bath, Jack (1991). Roadside Hollywood: The Movie Lover's State-By-State Guide to Film Locations, Celebrity Hangouts, Celluloid Tourist Attractions, and More. Contemporary Books. Pages 75-76. {{ISBN|9780809243266}}.
30. ^{{cite news|last1=Dunfee|first1=Ryan|title=Want To Own Walmart Heiress Christy Walton's Jackson Mansion?|url=https://ski.curbed.com/2013/9/18/10196900/want-to-own-walmart-heiress-christy-waltons-jackson-hole-mansion|accessdate=August 24, 2017|work=Curbed|date=September 18, 2013}}
31. ^{{cite web|title=John Mars|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/john-mars/|website=Forbes|accessdate=August 24, 2017}}
32. ^{{cite news|title=At home with Dick Cheney|url=https://www.usatoday.com/picture-gallery/news/nation/2013/10/20/at-home-with-dick-cheney/3106173/|accessdate=August 24, 2017|work=USA Today|date=October 20, 2013}}

External links

{{Wikivoyage|Jackson (Wyoming)}}
  • {{official website|http://www.townofjackson.com/}}
  • Museum of Jackson Hole
  • BBC: Hunting in Jackson
  • Jackson Hole Writers Conference
  • Teton County School District #1
{{Teton County, Wyoming}}{{Lake (Yellowstone)}}{{Wyoming}}{{Authority control}}

5 : Jackson, Wyoming|Towns in Teton County, Wyoming|Towns in Wyoming|County seats in Wyoming|Jackson, Wyoming micropolitan area
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