词条 | Fulgens and Lucrece |
释义 |
The play was printed in 1512–1516 by John Rastell,[4] and was later only available as a fragment until a copy showed up in an auction of books from Lord Mostyn's collection in 1919.[5] Henry E. Huntington acquired this copy, and arranged the printing of a facsimile.[6] The play is an example of a dramatised débat.[7] SourcesThe source of the play is the Latin treatise {{lang|la|De Vera Nobilitate}} (On True Nobility) by the Italian humanist Bonaccorso or Buonaccorso da Montemagno of Pistoia, written in 1438. This treatise had been translated into French by {{lang|fr|Jean Miélot}} as {{lang|fr|Controversie de Noblesse par Surse de Pistoye}} and printed by William Caxton's friend, Colard Mansion, in Bruges around 1475. The French version was later translated into English by John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester and printed by Caxton in 1481, on the last pages of Cicero of Old Age and Friendship. Medwall used Tiptoft's translation as his source.[8] {{lang|la|De Vera Nobilitate}} tells how {{lang|la|Lucretia}}, the daughter of the Roman senator {{lang|la|Fulgentius}}, is wooed by the idle patrician {{lang|la|Publius Cornelius}} and the studious plebeian {{lang|la|Gaius Flaminius}}. {{lang|la|Lucretia}} asks her father for advice, and {{lang|la|Fulgentius}} asks the senate to decide on the matter.[9] Each suitor then pleads before the senate.[10] The senate's decision is not mentioned in the treatise.[9]PlotThe plot is set in ancient Rome and deals with the wooing of Lucrece, daughter of the Roman senator Fulgens, by {{lang|la|Publius Cornelius}}, a patrician, and {{lang|la|Gaius Flaminius}}, a plebeian. They both plead their worthiness to Lucrece (and not to the senate, as in Medwall's source). Despite Publius' superficial charms, wealth, and noble background, Lucrece eventually chooses {{lang|la|the modest commoner Gaius Flaminius}}. He does not have a famous lineage like Publius but his honest love for Lucrece shows his true nobility. The play also contains a comic subplot which appears to begin outside the play and then merges with it. In this subplot, the characters A and B discuss a play that they expect to see, and B relates the plot, which is actually the plot of {{lang|la|De Vera Nobilitate}}. A and B later turn out to be servants of Cornelius and Gaius, and they try to win the love of Joan, a handmaid of Lucrece. The comic subplot and Lucrece's final choice were additions by Medwall. It disrupts the flow of the story as the mischievous comic relief characters A and B steal the audience's attention with their gags and breaking of the fourth wall. Medwall ingeniously uses A and B to subtly mock the idea of class and lordship, with the play asking if nobility can be found in the common man? A and B also make references to their fashion with A mistaking B for an actor because of his fine clothing, suggesting that actors were gaining a greater status in England around that time. This is considered to be the first inclusion of a subplot in an English Language drama, and thus, in many ways, exceeds the main plot in critical discussion. ProductionsThe first modern revival of Fulgens and Lucres was by the Group Theatre of London, at the Everyman Theatre, Hampstead in March 1932.[11]§ Fulgens and Lucres was recently produced by Poculi Ludique Societas the Centre for Drama, Theatre and Performance Studies at the University of Toronto, Nov. 8-16, 2014. The production was directed by Matthew Milo Sergi, Professor of Early English Drama at the University of Toronto. Editions
Further reading
References1. ^1 Bill Gilbert: "Chapter 20: Literary Movements in the Sixteenth Century" in Renaissance and Reformation. Lawrence, Kansas: Carrie, 1998. {{Interludes}}2. ^Wayne S. Turney: Pre-Shakespearean Interludes: Interludes from the Court of Henry VIII. 3. ^Robert Frank Willson, "Their form confounded": studies in the burlesque play from Udall to Sheridan 1975, p. 9. 4. ^Greg Walker: Medieval Drama, Wiley-Blackwell, 2000 {{ISBN|0-631-21727-4}}, p. 305. 5. ^George Sampson: The Concise Cambridge History of English Literature Third edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970, p. 245. Accessed 2009-07-13. 6. ^The Malone Society: [https://archive.org/stream/p2collections02malouoft/p2collections02malouoft_djvu.txt Collections: Vol. II, part II (1923)]. Accessed 13 July 2009. 7. ^{{cite book|last=Shipley|first=Joseph T.|title=Dictionary of World Literature: Criticism, Forms, Techniques|year=1964|publisher=Taylor and Francis|page=149|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AlUVAAAAIAAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA1#v=onepage&q&f=false}} 8. ^Ernst Philip Goldschmidt: Medieval Texts and their First Appearance in Print. 1943, reprinted Biblio-Moser, 1969, {{ISBN|0-8196-0226-4}}, p. 5. 9. ^1 Frederick S. Boas: "Introduction", in Five Pre-Shakespearean Comedies [Early Tudor Period]. (The World's Classics 418). London: Oxford University Press, 1934, 1950, p. viii. 10. ^Robert Coogan: "Petrarch and Thomas More" Moreana, no. 21 (Feb. 1969): 19–30, p. 23. 11. ^{{cite book|last1=Sidnell|first1=Michael|title=Dances of Death: the Group Theatre of London in the Thirties|date=1984|publisher=Faber|location=London|isbn=0571133215|pages=277–281}} 5 : 15th-century plays|British plays|English plays|Medieval drama|English Renaissance plays |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。